语法辅导课件Modal verbs

1、 There are things that _ be done That are not yet begun Things that I _ do When I want to be with you Although we _ be far apart You _ be with be in my heart No one else _ do I just want to be with you I want to be with you _ you hear me? I need you near me I want to be with you I need you near me,

2、my lovemustmustwillwillwillCant The two of us _ be one Mother of my son No one else _ do I just want to be with you I want to be with you _ you hear me? I need you near me I want to be with you I need you near me, my lovewillmustCan Discovering useful structures - Modal VerbsModal verbs can, could m

3、ay, might must/have to need dare will/would shall/should/ought to1. 情态动词有一定的意义情态动词有一定的意义,表示或暗示某种情绪或态度表示或暗示某种情绪或态度, 可能、可能、建议、愿望、必要、允许、能力等。建议、愿望、必要、允许、能力等。2. 没有人称和数的变化没有人称和数的变化.3. 不能独立使用不能独立使用，它和后面的动词构成谓语。，它和后面的动词构成谓语。4. 情态动词情态动词 除除ought 和和have 外外，后面只能接动词原形，后面只能接动词原形5. 情态动词情态动词没有非谓语形式没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词

4、等形式，即没有不定式，分词等形式。 只作情态动词的只作情态动词的 can/could, may/might, ought to, must可情态可实义的可情态可实义的 need, dare可情态可助动词的可情态可助动词的shall/should, will/would相当于情态动词的相当于情态动词的have toFeaturesFunctions of Modal Verbs Ability Advice Agreement Guessing Past habit Necessity Permission Possibility Prediction Promise Request inten

5、tion1. Then usually by lunchtime they would all be sold. 2. What could have happened?3. Nothing could be better 4. Something terrible must have happened if 5. He could not believe his eyes.6. Perhaps he should go to the library and find out.7. He couldnt have Yong getting away with telling lies!7. H

6、e had better do some research!8. Her customers might get thin after eating the food. 9. They would become tired very quickly.10. he could win his customers back.Read and discover(1)表示能力表示能力(ability) you speak Japanese?She play the piano when she was 6. *be able to The girl speak English well in a fe

7、w months.I swim when I was only 6.1. can /could (2) 表示允许表示允许(许可或请求许可）许可或请求许可） (permission /request) - I go now? -You go now, but he . (3)表一时或客观的可能性（肯定句）常用表一时或客观的可能性（肯定句）常用can ”有时会有时会.” It be quite cold here in winter. Children be naughty. Tom is a pleasant boy. But he can be tough sometimes. (4)表推测时

8、表推测时can ,could常用在否，疑问句中）常用在否，疑问句中） A: Someone is coming! Who it be? B: It be John，for he has gone to the airport. C:Well. It be him. Conclusion 1Can/ could (1)表示能力表示能力(ability) (2) 表示许可或请求（许可表示许可或请求（许可) (3)表示客观上的可能或一时的可能性表示客观上的可能或一时的可能性(肯定句肯定句) (4)推测推测(guessing )（can， could限于否定句，限于否定句，疑问句）疑问句）could可

9、表示能力或可能性，多用于过去，也可可表示能力或可能性，多用于过去，也可指现在，通常表示虚拟或作为指现在，通常表示虚拟或作为can的委婉形式。的委婉形式。Tips 1. “cannottoo”“cant. .enough“无论怎么无论怎么也不也不（过分）（过分）”。 You cannot be too careful. You can never be careful enough.你越小心越好。你越小心越好。2. “cannot (help) but+ do sth（不带（不带to）” “不得不，不得不，只好只好”。 I cannot but admire her determination.

10、 我不得不钦佩你的决心。我不得不钦佩你的决心。 2. may/ might (1) 表示请求、许可表示请求、许可(request or permission) I ask you a question? - Yes, you . / Yes, you can./ Yes, please. - No, you cant./ No, you mustnt. (2) 表示愿望表示愿望 (wish)you happy all your life. God bless you!he succeed. May sb do ()! (3)表示推测表示推测(possibility), 多用于肯定句和否定句多用

11、于肯定句和否定句,might比比may可能性更小可能性更小 It be true. 可能不可能不 It cant be true.不可能不可能 He come today.Conclusion 2may/ might(1) 表示请求、许可表示请求、许可(request or permission) (2) 表示愿望表示愿望 (wish)(3)表示推测表示推测(possibility), 多用于肯定句和否定句，多用于肯定句和否定句，might比比may可能性更小可能性更小Tips may as well或或 might (just)as well+do sth” “最好, 倒不如”，相当于“ha

12、d better”.may well do sth ”很有可能很有可能”There is nothing to do, so I may as well go to bed.1. He may well feel proud of his daughter.3. will/ would(1) 表示请求、建议等表示请求、建议等 (request，advice etc) you (please) help me with my English? you (please) pass me the book?(2)表示意愿，决心等。（表示意愿，决心等。（willingness）will表示现在的意愿表

13、示现在的意愿，would表示过去的意愿表示过去的意愿。“会，愿意会，愿意”Go where you She asked if I go with them.I never do that again.No matter what I said, he listen to me. (3) 表示习惯表示习惯, 倾向性倾向性, 固有性质。固有性质。(habit,tendency.常用常用于于肯肯定句中定句中)will表示现在的习惯，表示现在的习惯，would表示过去的习惯表示过去的习惯(=used to do)。 Oil float on water. Every day he sit there

14、doing nothing. When he was a child, he often go skiing.*used to do（表对比且不和具体时间状语连用）（表对比且不和具体时间状语连用） He used to live in Paris, but now he lives in Beijing.(4)主语是物主语是物,表示能力表示能力,功能。功能。“能，行能，行” (多用于多用于否否定句定句中中)The door open. The pen write.It doesnt work.Conclusion 3 will/ would （一般不表推测）（一般不表推测）(1) 表示请求、建

15、议等表示请求、建议等 (request，advice etc)(2)表示意愿，决心等（表示意愿，决心等（willingness) “会，愿意会，愿意”(3) 表示习惯表示习惯, 倾向性倾向性, 固有性质。固有性质。will表示现在的习惯，表示现在的习惯，would表示过去的习惯表示过去的习惯(=used to do)。（。（肯定句）肯定句）(4)表示物的能力、属性。表示物的能力、属性。“能能”,主语通常是物。（主语通常是物。（否定句）否定句）(5) Would 在虚拟语气的使用。在虚拟语气的使用。(6) would like/love (to do) sth4. Shall （一般不表推测）（

16、一般不表推测）(1)用于第一、第三人称的疑问句，表征求对方意见或请示用于第一、第三人称的疑问句，表征求对方意见或请示 (advice，permission) we go out and have a picnic? When he be able to leave the hospital? (2)用于第二、第三人称的陈述句，表用于第二、第三人称的陈述句，表的命令、警告、的命令、警告、允诺、威胁等强烈意志和决心允诺、威胁等强烈意志和决心 (determination) You fail if you dont work harder. He have the book when I finis

17、h reading. Dont go anywhere else without my permission. You go with me. （3）表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中，）表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中， “必须，应该必须，应该”。. Candidates remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. Conclusion 4 shall （不表推测）（不表推测） (1)用于第一、第三人称的疑问句，表征求对方意见用于第一、第三人称的疑问句，表征求对方意见或请示或请示 (advice，permiss

18、ion)(2)用于第二、第三人称的陈述句，表用于第二、第三人称的陈述句，表的命令、的命令、警告、允诺、威胁等语气警告、允诺、威胁等语气 (order, warning, promise, threat)（3）*表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中，意为表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中，意为“必须，应该必须，应该”。should(1)表劝告、建议、命令表劝告、建议、命令 (advice，order，duty)（=ought to）(2)表惋惜、忧虑、诧异等感情色彩（表惋惜、忧虑、诧异等感情色彩（emotion）“居然，竟然居然，竟然” I dont know why you think that I

19、 did it. 疑问句，感叹句中疑问句，感叹句中 How I know? Why you be so rude today?(3)表推测表推测,”应该，理应当应该，理应当.,据估计据估计.” They have arrived by now.(4)表婉转语气（表婉转语气（politeness），与），与say，think，advise等搭配等搭配 I say your homework is not satisfying enough.Conclusion 5Should (1)表劝告、建议、命令表劝告、建议、命令 (advice，order, duty)（=ought to） (2)表惋惜

20、、忧虑、诧异等感情色彩（表惋惜、忧虑、诧异等感情色彩（emotion） “居然，竟然居然，竟然” (3)表推测表推测,”应该，理应当应该，理应当” (4)表婉转语气（表婉转语气（politeness），与），与say，think，advise等搭配等搭配 （5）should在虚拟语气中的使用在虚拟语气中的使用 （建议，坚持，（建议，坚持，要求，命令）要求，命令）5. must(1)表示表示“必须，应该必须，应该”之意之意(necessity) ，语气语气比比should，ought to 强烈强烈。mustnt表示表示“不准，不应该，禁止不准，不应该，禁止”等等Everybody obey t

21、he law.You drive so fast in the street.mustnt - Must I stand here talking to you? - Yes, _ - No, _you mustyou neednt / you dont have to*have toI must do my homework now.I have to do my homework every day.(2)意为意为”偏偏偏偏“，”非要非要“，多指令人不快的事，多指令人不快的事 - How old are you, madam? - If you know, Im twice my sons

22、 age.(3)表有把握的推测表有把握的推测,不用在否定句中。不用在否定句中。 ”一定，准是一定，准是”，只，只用肯定形式用肯定形式must - Listen! The rat be biting the wall. Now there be a hole in the wall. - Oh, no! The food is missing! The rat into the room! “应该应该”，。oughtto没有人称和数的变化，可以表示没有人称和数的变化，可以表示现在、将来或过去将来现在、将来或过去将来，由，由时间状语或上下文时间状语或上下文决定。决定。Theyoughttocome

23、tomorrow. Hethoughtthattheyoughttotakepartinthe design. 6. ought toHeoughtnottodoit.= Heoughtnttodoit. Oughtwetodoitatonce?Heoughttobehere,shouldnthe?Heoughttobehere,oughtnthe? (1)意为意为”应该应该”， 表示责任、义务、劝告、建议、命令，表示责任、义务、劝告、建议、命令，与与should意义相近，但意义相近，但ought to语气强烈。语气强烈。 反映客观情况或涉及法律义务和规定时一般用反映客观情况或涉及法律义务和规

24、定时一般用 ought toYoung people should learn how to use computers. Every citizen ought to obey law. According to the law, you ought to help him get a good education as you are his father.(2) 表猜测，表猜测，“应该应该”，“理应理应”He must be home by now. (断定他已到家断定他已到家)He ought to be home by now. (不十分肯定不十分肯定)need和和dare情态动词，

25、主要用于否定句和疑问句。情态动词，主要用于否定句和疑问句。实义动词，各种句式。实义动词，各种句式。 情态动词情态动词 +V原原1) need Youtelephonehimnow. Need I telephone him now?2) dare Shedarenotgooutaloneatnight. HowdareyousayImunfair? 7. dare & needDare you tell her the truth?Yes,_. No,_.I dareI darent用作实义动词用作实义动词 1) need Youdonttodoityourself. Do you t

26、o do it yourself?A job like nursing needs patience and understanding.*need doing = need to be done 2) dare Only a few reporters cover the story. He did not (to) look up. (肯定句中肯定句中dare to do , 否定句中可以省略否定句中可以省略to) I dare say hell come again. （I dare say为固定习语）为固定习语） 注意对注意对need问句的回答问句的回答:-NeedIfinishthe

27、worktoday?-Yes,_.No,_.No,_.youmustyouneedntyoudonthavetoneednt对其它情态动词的回答对其它情态动词的回答:-ShallItellJohnaboutit?-No,you_.-No,you_.-Mustwedoitnow?-No,you_.-No,you_.needntdont have toneedntdont have to情态动词情态动词+have done 1-遗憾，责备（遗憾，责备（虚拟）虚拟）1. could/ might have done （限肯定句）本能（限肯定句）本能/可以做却可以做却 没有做没有做2. Should

28、(not) have done/ ought (not) to have done3. neednt have done 本不需要做却已经做了本不需要做却已经做了4. would (not) have done1. can/ could (not) have done (疑问句、否定句疑问句、否定句)2. may/ might (not) have done3. must have done (肯定句）肯定句）情态动词情态动词+have done 2-推测推测表示推测表示推测情态动词的重要用法情态动词的重要用法肯定的推测肯定的推测可能的推测可能的推测否定的推测否定的推测疑问的推测疑问的推测mu

29、st 对将来对将来对现在对现在对过去对过去情态动词情态动词may,mightcant,couldntcan,could+V.+V.+havedone常见常见mustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing可以用可以用not表示表示“可能不可能不”+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoingPractice - 我错拿了别人的字典。我错拿了别人的字典。 -肯定是李磊的。他正在到处找呢。肯定是李磊的。他正在到处找呢。 Katie是一个信守诺言的女孩。她怎么可能把你是一个信守诺言的女孩。她怎么可能把你的秘密告诉被别人呢的秘密告

30、诉被别人呢/ 你不能把废纸扔在地板上。你不能把废纸扔在地板上。 -你的外教怎么样？你的外教怎么样？ -妈妈说不可能请到更好的了。妈妈说不可能请到更好的了。 长期战争之后必然是贫穷。长期战争之后必然是贫穷。 失败乃成功之母。你不妨振作起来再试一次。失败乃成功之母。你不妨振作起来再试一次。 -Ivetakensomeonesdictionarybymistake.-ItmustbeLileis.Hehasbeenlookingforhiseverywhere. Katieisagirlwhokeepsherword.Howcan/couldshetellyoursecrettoothers. Yo

31、umustntleavewastepaperonthefloor. -Howisyourforeignteacher?-Mothercouldnthaveaskedforabetterone. Povertymustfollowafteralongwar. Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Youmayaswellcheerupandhaveanothertry.I_useaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixoclockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.A.couldntB.mustntC.shouldntD.need

32、nt2.Thenewlawstatesthatpeople_driveafterdrinkingalcohol.A.wouldntB.needntC.wontD.mustntDDPractice3.Itsquitewarmhere;we_turntheheatingonyet.（2012天津高考）天津高考）A.couldntB.mustntC.needntD.wouldnt4.We_haveboughtsomuchfoodnowthatSuziewontbewithusfordinner.（2012江西高考）江西高考）A.maynotB.needntC.cantD.mustntCB5.You_yourtoot