人教版高中英语Unit2词汇句型语法知识点详解

1、part 1. warming up学问点大全unit 2the united kingdom1. do this quiz and find out how much you know about the uk. be known as作为而出名be known for因；而出名kate is well-known as a poet, but nor for speeches.2. how many countries does the uk consist of.consistvi.组成；在于；一样consist with.与一样be consistent with.与.一样运 用 完

2、成 句 子1这个俱乐部由大约50 名会员组成；this club about 50 members. 2理论应与实践相一样；theory should practice.3这个方案妙就妙在简明扼要；the beauty of the plan its simplicity 4你的行为和你所说的不一样；your conduct is not what you say. consists ofconsist with/be consistent with consists inconsistent with3. who rules the uk.rule （1）v.统治，管辖；掌握，支配；判定，裁

3、定ruleover sb./sth. 统治者alexandria ruledovera large empire亚.历山大大帝统治着一个巨大的帝国；dont let the desire for money rule your life.不要让追求金钱的欲望掌握了你的生活； he lets his heart rule his head.他感情用事；it is up to the court to rule on this matter这.件事由法院来裁定；（2）n. 官方的或公认的 规章，章程，规章，条例its against the rule to handle the ball in f

4、ootball用.手触球在足球竞赛中是违反规章的；part 2. pre-reading, reading and comprehending1. england can be divided into three main o把分成divide sth.out/up between/among sb把. divide a by b a 除以b辨析 o/separate.from某物安排给某人(1) o是把一个整体分割成如干部分；(2) separate.from separate指把原先连在一起或靠近的人或物分别开来，常

5、与from 连用；运 用 完 成 句 子1我们分成几个小组吧；let's several groups.2孩子们，你们把这个蛋糕分了吃吧；children, the cake up between/among you.学问点大全3假如你把二十除以四，那么商是五；if you 20 4, the answer is 5.4台湾海峡把台湾岛和福建省分隔开；the taiwan strait taiwan island fujian province. divide ourselves intodividedivideyseparates from2. you can clarify thi

6、s question ifyou study british history.假如你学习了英国历史 ,就能弄清晰这个问题；词语归纳clarifyvt.阐明; 说明vi.变得清晰 clarification n.阐明，说明，澄清 clarify ones position/stand 澄清某人的立场3. now when people refer to england you find wales included as well.这是“find 宾语 宾语补足语 ”的结构；有此用法的仍有keep；find +宾语 +过去分词 /现在分词 /副词/介词短语 /形容词 /名词we found a

7、group of children playing on the playground. doing作宾补 we have found him a dishonest person.名 词作宾补 i'm so glad to find you in. 副词作宾补 we found the shop closed.done作宾补 依据中文提示完成句子(1) i found 钱包被偷了 when i got to the cinema.(2) when the little boy woke up, he found 自己躺在医院里 my wallet stolenhimself lyin

8、g in the hospital4. happily this was accomplished without conflict when king james of scotland became king of england and wales as well.兴奋的是当苏格兰的james国王成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时，这三个国家和平地 实现了联合；5. however,the southern part of ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own governmen然t.尔兰南部并不情愿 ,因此脱离出去建立了自己的

9、政府；词语归纳break away from 逃脱，摆脱，破除，改掉break down 崩溃，身体垮了，（方案）失败，（机器等）坏了break into 强行闯入break in插话break up 破裂,破裂,（会议）终止，学期终止break off 中断,断绝break out 爆发，突然发生用 break 短语的适当形式填空而，爱the poor man was so unlucky. a month ago, some strangers 1 his house and took him onto a truck. he didn't know who they were a

10、nd where they would go. all the connection with his family was2 . aftersome days' drive,the truck suddenly 3 . and he caught the chance to4 the strangers.broke intobroken offbroke downbreak away from6. to their credit the four countries do worktogether in some areas e.g.the currency and internat

11、ional学问点大全relations,.值得颂扬的是， 虽然这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作，例如在货币和国际关系上，do/did/does + 动词原形结构用来加强谓语动词的语气，相当于“的确；真的；务必 ”do come early next time.he did go there with his brother yesterday.即时强化练习：翻译下面句子1) 务必记住带一束花来；.【答案】do remember to bring a bunch of flowers.2) 那药对病人真的有成效；.【答案】the medicine does have some effect on

12、 the patient.短语to one's credit值得夸奖的是on credit赊购；赊账do someone credit 或do credit to someone 为某人增光；给某人带来荣誉the work did credit to all of us.那项工作为我们全部人带来荣誉；依据语境猜词义(1) do you place any credit in the government's story.(2) he hasn't enough credits to get his degree.(3) they established a credit

13、 for 100, 000 dollars in favour of me.(4) although the invention was mine, i was given no credit for it.依据语义找匹配a.信任b. 借款；贷款c. 颂扬，荣誉，功劳d.学分7. england is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zone在s. 这四个国家中 ,英格兰最大 ,为了便利起见 ,它大致被划分为三个地区；（ 1） conveniencen

14、. 便利,便利的事物 ,便利的时候 ,便利品 convenientadj. 便利的 ,便利的inconvenientadj.不便利的留意： convenient 做表语时，主语不能是人；it is convenient for sb.to do sth.便利某人做某事at ones convenience 在便利的时候for the convenience of 为便利起见be convenient to sb对.某人便利for the sake of convenience 为了便利起见make a convenience of sb.乘 机利用某人if it suits ones conv

15、enience 假如对某人便利 convenience food/store便利食品 /便利店即学即练依据括号内的汉语提示完成句子；1come and see me whenever （_.你便利的时候）学问点大全2i keep my reference books near my desk 以. 求便利 (3) gas is one of the 现 代化便利设施 the newly-built apartment building provides.(4) you may come and get it .你 便利时 答案： 1it is convenient to you2for con

16、venience 3modern conveniences4at your convenience（ 1）依据语境猜词义1the rough waves rolled the ship along. 2the cloth feels rough.(3) don't be so rough with her.(4) the migrant workers have had a rough life. 5this is just a rough plan.依据语义找匹配a粗略的；大致的b狂暴的；颠簸的；波涛汹涌的 c粗野的；粗暴的；厉害的d粗糙的；高低不平的e艰苦的答案1b2d3c4e5a

17、8. it s a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.its a pity that.it作形式主语依据语境猜词义(1) i tried to attract her attention, but failed.(2) venice is one of the great tourist attractions of the world.依据语义找匹配a.具有吸引力的事物b. 吸引链接attraction n.吸引；吸引力；吸引人的东西attractiv

18、e adj.有吸引力的attract one's attention吸引某人的留意力用 attract 的正确形式填空in beijing, there are many 1 ,like the great wall, the summer palace, the tian'an men square. but what 2 me most is the great wall, which is also 3 to the foreigners.more and more foreigners are 4 by the beauty and come to china. att

19、ractionsattractsattractiveattracted9. you find most of the population settled in the south. settlev. 安家，安居；解决settlern.定居者settledadj.固定（下来）的，安定的 settlementn. 定居reach a settlement 和解settle down 定居下来settle in 使）熟识或习惯于（新居、工作等） settle a question=solve a question解决问题its settled that.=its now decided that.

20、已.打算10. which country is left out.学问点大全leave out 遗漏；不提及；不包括leavealone不管；别惹；撇下；一个人leave aside搁置一边leave for动身去leave off停止某事leave out删去，省去leave sth. behind留下；遗忘 没拿；遗留leave sb. doing sth.让某人始终做某事leave word 留下话（口信） 用 leave 短语的适当形式填空i was working busily when i got my wife's call that there was somethi

21、ng wrong with my son. so i hadto 1 the work . just then, my secretary came in, telling me something about the tomorrow's meeting. i shouted at her,don't talk to me. 2 me .”then i wrote a letter to my manager for 3 days' off. after that, i3 my office my hometown.leave asideleave aloneleft

22、 for11. for example, northern ireland, england and scotland have different educational and legal systems as well asdifferent football teams for competitions like the world cup. 例如，北爱尔兰、英格兰、和苏格兰在训练体制和立法体制上都着不同；在参与世界杯之类的竞赛时，他们有着各自的足球队！复习 as well as 用法12. you must keep your eyes open if you are going t

23、o make your trip to the united kingdom enjoyable andworthwhile.假如你想要使你的英语之旅令人开心又不虚此行的话，你就必需留心观看；复习 keep, worthwhile 及 worth, worthy 的区分be wellworth doingbe worthy of being donebe worthy to be done its worthwhile to do sth.its worthwhile doing sth.part 3. learning about language1. take the place of 代

24、替，取代take place 发生；举办（不及物动词词组，无被动语态）take ones place 取代某人的职务 in place of=instead of 代替，取代in place 在适当的位置；在原处in the first place最初，第一，第一.用 place 的短语填空：(1) we instructed her to leave everything ，_ just as she found it.(2) mr smith will go to beijing next month ，when a new english teacher will teach us hi

25、m. 3sending e-mail has almost writing letters.4can you tell me what changes have since the telephone was invented.答案：1in place2in place of3taken the place of4taken place2. pick up（ 1）捡起，捡起jack turned over the wallet he had picked up in the street to the police杰.察.克把在街上捡到的钱包交给了警he picked up the dicti

26、onary at hand and began to look up the new word in it他.拿起手边的词典开头查找学问点大全这个生词 .（ 2）中途搭载乘客，接人the train stopped several times to pick up passenger火s. 车沿途停了好几次 ,让乘客上车 .wait here and ill pick you up at two o clock. 在这儿等着 ,两点钟我来接你 .（3） ） 意外发觉，学到，获得looking through the evening paper last night,i picked up a

27、wonderful poem.昨晚在浏览晚报时,我意外发觉了一首好诗 .while working in the factory,the students picked up a great deal of imformation on machinery在.期间,同学们学到了很多关于机械方面的学问.（ 4）整理，整理工厂劳动the teacher told the students to pick up everything on the floor and get the room tidy before they went out.老师告知同学们在出去之前把地上的东西收捡起来,把房间整理

28、洁净 .（ 5）重提 话题，重新开头，连续she picked up the story where she had left it yesterday她. 接着昨天没有讲完的故事往下讲.he left for two years and then came back expecting to pick up where they had left off他.回来了 ,期望重新开头他们的关系.（ 6） 从电台 .收音机 收听，接收离开 她两年后又i managed to pick up an american news broadcas我t. 设法收听到一家美国电台的新闻广播.it is ne

29、cessary to use a long wave radio to pick up the“ follow me ” program. 必需用一台长波收音机才能收听到“跟我学”这个节目.3. they had no time to arrange their own wedding. arrangev. 支配；排列；协商常用结构：arrange forsth支配,预备arrange sth. for sb为.某人支配某事its not necessary for parents to arrange everything for their childre父n. 母没有必要为孩子支配好一切

30、；arrange to do sth. 支配做某事arrange for sb. to do sth. 支配某人做某事arrange with sb. about sth.与某人商定某事 arrange that+shoulddo sth.支配he arranged that the meeting should be put off for a week.=he arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week他.语境活用已支配好将会议延期一周；now everything for the conference to be held tomo

31、rrow（已预备就绪） . i have 支配 tom 开车去接 the experts at the airport.i mto支配会见 mr.wang after that.答案： has been arrangedarranged for tom to pick uparrange to meet语法精讲过去分词作宾补作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系 1.及物动词（短语）的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的规律宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在规律上的被动关系；学问点大全例如： i want the letter posted. 我想把这封信寄出去；2. 少数不及物动词如go,

32、 change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成；因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在规律上的被动关系；例如：she found her necklace gone on her way home在.回家的路上，她发觉项链不见了；3. 动词 seat, hide, dress, lose, devote等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的意义， 因此，虽然宾语与它们存在规律上的主动关系，但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语；例如：when i came in, i found a strange girl seated in the corner.我进来时， 发觉

33、一个生疏的女孩坐在角落里；需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情形1.使役动词 get ,have ,make, kee，p leave 等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语， 表：“致使某人或某事被” we should keep them informed of what is going on here.jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist s.2 .感官动词 feel, find, hear,notice,see,watch等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表：“感受到某人或某事被做 ”；i was sleeping when i heard

34、my name called.he was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down. i saw him beaten by his mother.3. 表示“意欲；命令 ”的动词如： like,order,want,wish,相当于过去分词短语前省略了to be ，表示 “希望/要求某人或某事被做 ”i wish these letters to be typed as soon as possible he didn t want such qtuioens discussed at the meeting. the father

35、wants his daughter taught the piano.1 感 feel1 闻 smell1 发觉 find2 听 hear, listen to, 3 情 感 want, wish, like 4 使 役 keep, leave, get, have, make 4 看 watch, notice, see, look at, observe catch+sth./sb. done 4.有时过去分词作宾补可以变为被动语态，这时过去分词改作主语补足语，说明主语所处的状态 .the door was found broken.5.“with宾语过去分词 ”结构中，过去分词用作介词

36、with的宾语补足语；这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、缘由等状语；例如：the murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后；（表方式）with water heated, we can see the steam.水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气； （表条件）with the matter settled, we all went home事.留意：情得到解决，我们都回家了； （表缘由）在这一结构中，当宾语为某一身体部位，且作宾补的动词是及物动词时，身体部位通常是过去分词的规律

37、宾语，因而过去分词不行换用现在分词；she stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛凝视着他（fix one s eyes学问点大全on 为固定短语，因此，不行将句中fixed换为 fixing）he stood for an instant with his hand still raised他.仍旧举着手站了一会儿；用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位的宾补时，用现在分词的形式；she felt her heart beating fast.她觉得心跳很快；（beat 意为“心跳”，是不及物动词）把握

38、“使役动词have + 宾语过去分词 ”的几种含义在“have 宾语过去分词 ”结构中， 过去分词作宾语补足语， have 也可用get.这一结构具有以下几种含义： 1.意为“主语请别人做某事 ”；例如：he wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow他. 明天想去检查眼睛； （“检查”的动作由医生来进行）2. 意为“主语遭受、遭受某一不开心、不测的事情”；例如：be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt. 当心，否就会弄伤手的；3. 意为“使完成某事 ”，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成；例如：

39、he had the walls painted this morning. 他今早把墙漆了；（主语自己可能参与） 4.过去分词与不定式 ,现在分词作宾补的区分:三者与宾语规律上都是主谓关系，但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，不定式强调动作发生的全过程，现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系，正在进行；i saw her taken out of the classroom. i saw her come into the classroom.i saw her coming into the classroom.省略 to 的情形：1）情态动词 除 ought 外， ought to：2）使役动词l

40、et, have, make：3）感官动词see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find等后作宾补，省略to；留意：在被动语态中就to 不能省掉；i saw him dance. =he was seen to dance.the boss made them work the whole night.=they were made to work the whole night.语法专练1li hua hopes that his english teacher will suggest a

41、good way to have his english in a short period of time.a improvedbimprovingc to improvedimprove解析：句意为：李华期望他的英语老师提出一个好方法，能使他的英语可以在短时间内得以提高；此题考查 have sth.done这一短语的使用；因english 与动词 improve 之间是被动关系，应选a 项；b、d 项表主动关系，故排除；答案：a2 when theministercame tothe snow-strickenarea， hewas happy tosee the disaster vic

42、tims well .a take care ofbtook care ofctaken care ofdtaking care of解析：考查非谓语动词； 从句子的结构和语意可以看出victims与 take care of 存在规律上的动宾关系，因此使用被动形式，在句中充当宾语补足语；答案：c3lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues with her stories.a amusedb amusingc to amusedto be amused解析：句意为： lucy 很有幽默感，总是讲故事让她的同

43、事消遣；考查非谓语动词作宾补；第一排 除 c、d，由于 keep 后不用不定式作宾补； amused 觉得好笑的； amusing 逗人笑的，令人觉得好笑的；答案：a学问点大全4the girl glanced over her shoulder and found herself by a young man in black.a was followedbfollowedcfollowingdhad been followed解析：考查非谓语动词；依据语意可知，follow 和 herself 之间是动宾关系， 因此用动词的过去分词形式作宾语补足语；留意：found 后不是句子， a 、d

44、 两项可直接排除；答案：b5television has so many advantages.it keeps us about the new，sand it also provides entertainment in the home.a informed； latestbto know ；laterc learning；laterdto think； latest解析：此题考查 keep sb.done 的结构以及形容词的最高级的用法；句意为“电视有如此多的好处，它使我们知道最新的消息，而且给我们在家里供应消遣”；依据句意可知第一个空白处应用informed 作 us 的宾语补足语，

45、表示 “我们被告知 ”，而 the latest news就表示 “最新消息 ”；答案：a6. the bathroom looks lovely.did you decorate it yourself or get someone it. a be doingbdonecdod to do解析：选 d；该句考查 get sb.to do sth结.构，表示“让某人做某事” ，所以这里选d 项；7. mrs.white found her husband surrounded by letters and papers and very worried.a lookblooksclookin

46、gdto look解析：选 c；句意：怀特夫人发觉她的丈夫被信件和文件包围着，看起来特别担忧； surrounded by letters and papers和 looking very worried 都是分词短语作宾语补足语，前者表示被动,后者表示主动； 8.when the minister came to the snowstriken area,he was happy to see the disaster victims well .a take care ofbtook care ofc taken care ofdtaking care of解析：选 c；考查非谓语动词；从

47、句子的结构和句意可以看出victims 与 take care of 存在规律上的动宾关系，因此使用被动形式，在句中充当宾语补足语；9.“ once people think you are a lia，r son.its hard ， no matter what youll say,”father warned hisa for you to make yourself believeb for you to make yourself believedc of you to make yourself believingd of you to make yourself believe解

48、析：选 b；考查句型 it is hard for sb.to do sth.和词组 make oneself done；句意为：父亲警告儿子说： “一旦人们认为你是个骗子，那么无论你说什么，都很难让人信任你；”10.can i help you，sir. i m afraid you cannot.i have my students papers .a to be gradedb gradedcto graded grade解析：选 c；所填词作使役动词have 的宾语补足语，规律主语是have 的宾语 my students papers，两者是被动关系，用不定式的主动式表被动的意义,选

49、 c 项；part 4. using language1.worried about the time available.(1) worried about.为过去分词短语作状语，表缘由； well-known for his expert advice，he was able to help a great number of people with their personal affairs.他的足智多谋广为人知，因此他能帮忙很多人解决私事； deeply moved by the story，the children began to cry被.故事深深地感动，孩子们开头哭了起来；

50、when i opened the doo，ri found him seated in the chair，absorbed in his magazine当.我打开门，发觉他坐在椅子上，用心看杂志；(2) availableadj.可利用的；有用的；可用到的weve already used up all the available space. 全部可用的空间我们都用上了；学问点大全可得到的tv sets are available in any department store电. 视机在任何一家百货公司都能买到；有空的 the doctor is not available now那

51、.位医生现在没空；有效的 this film ticket is no longer available.这张电影票不再有效；2.her first delight was going to the tower.delightn. 欢乐;兴奋;欢乐vt.使兴奋；使欣喜常用结构 :take/find/have delight in宠爱;以为乐to one s delight令某人兴奋的是delight indoing sth. 宠爱（做）某事delight sb. with sth.某物使某人兴奋be delighted at sth./to do sth./that-clause对感到兴奋so

52、metimes an old movie can still delight the people who have a sweet memory for the old days.有时一部旧片仍能给怀念旧时间的人们带来欢乐；the movie xi yangyang & hui tailang gave delight to millions of children. 电影喜羊羊与灰太郎使千万小伴侣获得欢乐；his parents were delighted at the news that he had won the first prize.he takes great del

53、ight in proving others wrong他.1单项填空以证明别人出错为一大快事；,thebooksellergavehimsomethingelseasapresent.a. to the boy s delightb. to the boy s surprisingc. to the boy s sadness d. to make the boy s happyremain 的用法：（ 1）用作联系动词，指某人或某事物仍保持某种状态，意为“仍旧；照旧 ”，“留；呆；住；待 ”，后面可接名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、分词作表语；1）接名词作表语it remained a secret.这仍旧是个隐秘；2）接形容词作表语whatever achievements you ve made, you should remain m无od论es你t. 取得多么大的成就， 你都该保持虚心；3）接介词短语作表语he had to remain in hospital until he was better.他不得不始终住院直到身体好些；4）接分词作表语接过去分词作表语 ,表示主语所处的状态或已经发生的被动动作；现在分词作表语，表示正在进行的主动动作；the guests came in, but she remained sitti