常见情态动词讲解

1、 常见情态动词讲解 常见情态动词讲解 、情态动词的定义：情态动词有词义，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成 谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化；它的后面必须跟动词原形 二、情态动词的种类： 情态动词 词义 否定形式 词义 can 能够，会 cant 不能，不会 could 能够，会 couldn t 不能，不会 may 可以 / / must 必须 mustn t 不允许，不能 shall 将，要 shant 将不要 should 应该 shouldn t 不应该 need 需要 neednt 不必 would 将会，愿 wouldnt 不会，不愿 三、情态动词的用法及主要句型： 1、

2、 Can I help you? - Yes, please. / No, thanks. 2、 Can + 主语 + 动词原形？ Yes,can. No,can t. 3、 Can I borrow your book?-Yes,of course. 4、 Can I write on the book? - No, you can mustn t. 5、 Could Can you help me?- Yes,of course.Certainly. Sure. 6、 Could Can you tell me the way to the Zoo? 2 7、 May I come in

3、?Come in, please. 8、 Sorry, please don t. 9、 May I have some Coke?- Yes, of course. 10、 May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom? -Speaking. Who s calling? 11、 should、shouldn表示劝告： 1) He should get up early. 2) She shouldn t play computer game too much. 12、 Should +主语 + 动词原形? Yes,should. No,shouldn t. 13、 表示建

4、议 你愿意吗” -Would you like to go shopping with me? -Yes, I d love to. /I d love to. But I m busy now. 14、 就餐用语 Would you like something to eatdrink? -Yes, I d like 15、 shall 用于第一人称( (I, we),可以表示 将”和表示建议 “好吗？” 1) Where shall we have dinner? 2) Shall we go fishing? -All right. OK. Good idea. 16、 Must + 主

5、语 + 动词原形? -Yes,must.No,needn t. 四常见情态动词的区别： 1. can (could) 1) 表示能力，could 主要指过去时间。 Two eyes can see more than one 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 Could the girl read before she went to school 这女孩上学前能识字吗？ 2) 表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上)。 He can t (couldnt) have enough money for a new car 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。 3) 表示允许。 Can I have a look at y

6、our new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？ 4) 表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 Where can (could) they have gone to?他 们会去哪儿了呢？ He can t (couldn t) be over sixty.他不可能超过六十岁。 How can you be so careless 你怎么这么粗心！ 3 5) 比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗？ 2. may (might) 1) 表允许，might 可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更

7、委婉。 You may take whatever you like .你喜欢什么就拿什么。 He told me that I might smoke in the room.他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。 May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？ 在回答以 may 引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，如 Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please dont ./ You d better not. / No, you mustnt.等，以免显得太严峻或不客气。 2) 表可能(事实上)。

8、可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 She may not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。 They might be having a meeting, but Im not sure.他们有可能在开会，不过我不肯定。 3. must 1）表示义务。意为 “必须 ”（主观意志）。 We must do everything step by step 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 You mustnt talk to her like that.你不可能那样对她说话。 -Must we hand in o

9、ur exercisebooks now? 我们现在就要交练习本吗？ -No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to.不必。（这种情况下，一般不用 mustnt） 2）表示揣测。意为 “想必、准是、一定 ”等，只用于肯定句。 He must be ill. He looks so pale 他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。 4. shall 1） 表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。 Shall I get you some tea?我 给你点茶好吗？ Shall the boy wait outside?让那男孩在外面等吗？ What shall we do th

10、is evening?我 们今晚做什么？ 2） 表说话人的意愿，有 “命令、允诺、警告、决心 ”等意思，用于第二、第三人称陈述句。 You shall do as I say.按我说的做。（命令） You shall have my answer tomorrow 你明天可以得到我的答复。（允诺） He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.有一天他会后悔的，我告诉你。 （警告） 4 Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan 什么也不能阻止我们执行这项计划。（决心） 5. will 1） 表意

11、愿，用于各种人称陈述句。 I will do anything for you. 我愿为你做任何事。 2） 表请求，用于疑问句。 Will you close the window? Its a bit cold. 请你把窗户关上好吗？有点冷。 3） 表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。 Fish will die out of water. 鱼离开水就不能活。 6. should 1）表义务。意为 “应该 ”（某件事宜于做） ，用于各种人称。 You shouldnt waste any time. 你不应该浪费时间。 2）表推测，意为 “想必一定、照说应该、估计 ”等。 They should be

12、 home by now 照说他们现在应当已经到家了。 7. would 1）表意愿。 I said I would do anything for you. 我说过我愿意为你做任何事。 2）表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。 Would you like another glass of beer*再来杯啤酒好吗？ 3）表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。 Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help 她每遇至 U 麻烦都会向她求助。他 告诉我盒子打不开了。 相关练习 （一） 用适当的情态动词填空。 1. Must I

13、borrow the book with my ID card* No, you _ . 2. _ I use your car* Yes, you _ . 3. _ I go home now* No, you _ stay here. 4. My mother is ill. I _ stay at home and look after her. 5. _ you like some tea* 6. You _ take more exercise. 7. _ you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park* 5 8. The clock _ tel

14、l us the time. 9. _ you like to go fishing with me* 10. _ we play football this afternoon* （二 ） 按要求改写句子。 1. I can run fast. I _ _ fast. （否定句 ） 2. You must return the book now（. 一般疑问句） _ I the book now* No, you _ . 3. He can play basketball well. （一般疑问句） _ he _ basketball well* 4. They must take the

15、books out of the room（. 否定句） They _ the books out of the room. 5. He should get up early.否定句) ) He _ get up late. (三三) 单项选择。 ()1. _ you like some milk ? A . Would B. Could C . Can ()2. We _ pick the flower in the park. A. can t B. dont C. mustnt ( )3. We should _ more trees, and we shouldn t cut any

16、 trees. A. plant B. planting C. plants ()4. May I have some coffee? A. Yes,you have. B. Yes,you can. C. Yes,certainly. ()5. Shall we visit the factory? A. Yes,we do. B. Yes, we shall. C. All right. ( )6. Would you like something to eat? A. Yes,we would. B. Yes, I d like some cakes.C. Yes, of course.

17、 ()7. What can I do for you? A. Yes,you can. B. No,I can do it. C. Yesd like some orange (四四) 根据所学情态动词，填写适当形式。 1) _ you like to go fishing with me? 2) _ I go home now? No, you _ stay here. 6 3) You _ take more exercise. 4) The clock _ tell us the time. 5) _ you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park

18、? 6) My mother is ill. I _ stay at home and look after her. 7) _ you like some tea? 8) Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you _ . 9) _ I use your car? Yes, you _ . 10) _ we play football this afternoon? (五五) 对划线部分提问。 1. We must nt pick, the flowers in the park.7 2. We should piantmoretrees. 3. I would you like some, ca.kes to eat? 4. She could swim, five .years, ago. 5. We should protect animals.becausetheyarejour, goodfriends . 6. Tom could go to the