八年级上语法总结

1、语法：一般将来时 结构：be (am/ is /are)going to do sth. 表示计划、打算或安排 搭配词：tomorrow; the day after tomorrow; tomorrow morning/. next week/month/Friday/. This morning/afternoon/evening/week/term/.; tonight in a week => in + 一段时间 ; 注意划线的提问词用how soon in the future four days later => 一段时间 + later sb. hope/wish +

2、 宾语从句（将来时） e.g. Our Chinese teacher is going to give (give)a speech this Friday. 否定句：Our Chinese teacher isn't going to give a speech this Friday. 一般疑问句：Is our Chinese teacher going to give a speech this Friday? 肯定回答：Yes, he is. 否定回答：No,he isn't. 画线提问：When is he going to give a speech?结构：主语

3、+ will do sth. =>适用于任何人称 搭配词：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in + 一段时间，next Sunday/week/year/., this morning /afternoon /evening /year /week /month/., tonight, in the future e.g. Her uncle will visit her in three days. => How soon will her uncle visit her?语法：表示建议的句型：Would you mind (not) doin

4、g sth. ? “做某事你(不)介意吗？” Would you mind if I .? “如果我做某事你不介意吗” 表示允许的回答：Of course not./Certainly not./. 表示不允许的回答：You'd better not./Sorry. 1.Could you please do me a favor ? =Could you help me ? =Could you give me a hand ?语法：情态助动词：can/could; may/might; should; must; have to; had better; nded; dare; o

5、ught to; 1.can“能”能力 “可以”允许“可能”猜测 2.may “可能”猜测 “可以”允许，征求同意 3.must“必须”义务；mustn't“不得”禁止“一定；准是”猜测 表示请求，客气或正式程度：might > may > could > can 表示猜测，可能性：must > can > could > may > might must提问时，否定回答是：Must we ? No,you don't have to./No,you needn't. “必须” must(除了过去时might外)没有时态、人称和

6、数的变化; 主观看法 have to有时态、人称和数的变化; 客观需要 had better 的否定had better not感叹句：What (a/an) + (adj.) + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语 How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语过去进行时： 结构：was / were + doing 用法：过去某个时刻正在进行的动作：at 8:00/. + 过去的时间 at this/that time/moment + 过去的时间 过去某段时间内持续进行的动作：from 7 to 9 + 过去的时间 the whole morning/. + 过去的时间 注：过去进行时可以运用于wh

7、en、while、as引导的时间状语从句中。as从句谓语动词可用短暂性或延续性动词；从句表示进展过程。 when从句谓语动词可用短暂性或延续性动词；从句表示一个时间段或时间点。 while从句谓语动词须用延续性动词；从句表示一个时间段。 eg. As he grew up, he became more clever. When he arrived home, it was just nine o'clock. While he was in London,he studied music形容词的比较级、最高级： 规则变化： A.单音节和少数双音节 加-er或-est: great-

8、greater-greatest 以e结尾的加-r或-st: fine-finer-finest 辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加-er或-est: happy-happier-happiest 重读,辅元辅结尾,尾字母有独立发音的,双写尾字母加-er或-est: big-bigger-biggest B.多音节和部分双音节 在词前加more或most: popular-more popular-the most popular 不规则变化： good/well-better-best; bad/ill-worse-worst; many/much-more-most; little-less-

9、least; far-farther/further-farthest/furthest 注：比较级要有比较对象，而且必须同级同类比较。搭配词：than 最高级要有比较范围，形容词最高级前加the。搭配词：of / inbe (not) sure + (that)宾语从句 be (not) sure + if/whether宾语从句 be (not) sure + when/where/which/why/how/.宾语从句附加疑问句，即反意疑问句，表示说话者有一定的看法，征求对方的同意或肯定。 前面肯定，后面否定；前面否定，后面肯定。两部分人称和时态要一致。 注：反意疑问句的前面陈诉部分含有

10、：no,nothing,little,few,never,hardly,seldom, nobody/.等表示否定意义的词时，后面用肯定形式。 以I think/believe引导的宾语从句，后面的疑问句应针对从句部分。 对于祈使句的附加疑问句，附加疑问部分常用will you。注意Let's 和Let us的不同： eg. Let's go to school, shall we? Let us play soccer,will you? 对于回答，不管问题的提法如何，若事实是肯定的，就用yes;事实是否定的，就用no： eg. -He is a doctor, isn

11、9;t he? -Yes, he is .(是的,他是) / No, he isn't. -She isn't a nurse,is she? -Yes,she is.(不,她是) / No, she isn't.八年级上期英语期末考试二、 单项选择题（15分） ( )21. Would you mind turning down the music? _. A. Yes, please. B. Youre welcome. C. Of course not. D Sure ( )22. Sorry, Doctor Smith isnt here right now.

12、May I _ a message on his desk? A. take B. leave C. have D bring ( )23 Could you _me your bike, please? Sorry, Im using it. You can borrow Jacks. A. lent B. borrow C. lend D keep ( )24 I_ for an English test when she came in at this time of yesterday. A. studied B. am studying C. was studying D study

13、 ( )25 _you write, _ you make . A The carefuler, the few mistake B The more careful , the few mistake C The more carefully, the fewer mistakes D The more careful , the fewer mistakes ( )26 How many students are there in your school? _ students, I think. A Thousand of B. Two thousands C. Two thousand

14、 D. Two thousands of( )27 Look at these flowers. _ beautiful they are! A How B. Do C. What D. Which ( )28. After hard work, he felt _ tired to walk. Aso B. to C. too D. Very ( )29. _ is good _ your health. A. Walk, to B. Walking, to C. To walk , with D. Walking, for ( )30. Dont drink _ water. There

15、is no washroom on the bus. A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too ( )31. Dont forget _ the door when you leave. A. close B. closing C. to close D. closed ( )32. If it _ tomorrow, we will have a picnic in the park. A. wont rain B. doesnt rain C. isnt rain D. dont rain ( ) 33. He speaks Engli

16、sh _ than any other student in his class. A. better B. well C. best D good ( ) 34. Its difficult _ this work today. A to finish B. finished C. finishing D finishes ( ) 35. Youd better _. Its bad for your eyes. A. not read in the sun B. not play basketball C. work on the net for long D read in the su

17、n 三、 完形填空（10个小题，共10分） Sam is a 9-year-old dog. He has a 36 : painting. The hobby not only makes him famous, but also makes him 37 . Sam has drawn 22 paintings. 38 of them are abstract (抽象派的). He likes to start with darker colors 39 moving on to lighter ones. Sams paintings are 40 in the US. Some of

18、them sell for 41 $1,700. A woman even bought one 42 a birthday gift for her dog. “He loves painting and always paints for hours,” said Sams owner, Mary. Sam was once a rescue (搜救) dog. One day, Mary wanted to teach him 43 . “I 44 dolphins paint and elephants paint , so I thought that maybe my dog co

19、uld paint, too,” said Mary. She is right. Now Sam is one of the worlds 45 animal artists. People call him “Da Vinci in the dog world”. （ ）36. A. job B. habit C. plan D. hobby （ ）37. A. fat B. ugly C. rich D. healthy （ ）38. A. All B. Both C. Enough D. Everyone （ ）39. A. after B. before C. since D. th

20、en （ ）40. A. lucky B. new C. popular D. open （ ）41. A. as soon as B. as early as C. as much as D. as many as （ ）42. A. with B. as C. at D. in （ ）43. A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something （ ）44.A. saw B. made C. tried D. loved （ ）45. A. greater B. greatest C. well D. better 四、 阅读理解。（40分）

21、ALast Friday my friend Deborah asked me if I would like to learn how to make tofu. I couldnt think of any good reason not to be interested in, so I said, "Yes". The next day I met her and another three nice people at the Hodo Soy Beanery Oakland. I enjoyed the trip. I got a lot from the tr

22、ip. The following is what I learnt. Tofu has a history of 2,000 years. Although the word "tofu" is from Japanese, the food maybe comes from China. There are two main kinds of tofu: soft tofu (软豆腐) and firm tofu (硬豆腐). In some parts of Asia, people use tofu as a kind of meat. Douhua is one

23、kind of soft tofu. It is a popular breakfast food in China. Because it is very soft, people cant eat it with chopsticks, but with a spoon (勺子). People often eat it as a snack (小吃) and often add spring onions and gravy to it. In Malaysia, people usually eat douhua with white or dark sugar water. 根据材料

24、内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 ( )46. When did the writer go to Hodo Soy Beanery Ockland? A. Last Thursday. B. Last Friday. C. Last Saturday. D. Last Sunday. ( )47. How many people went there with the writer? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. ( )48. We can learn from the passage that the food tofu may come

25、 from _. A. Japan B. China C. Oakland D. Malaysia ( ) 49. The underlined word "chopstick" means "_"in Chinese. A. 筷子 B. 盘子 C. 叉子 D. 杯子 ( )50. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. People began to make tofu 2,000 years ago. B. Some people use tofu as a ki

26、nd of meat. C. Douhua is one kind of firm tofu. D. Many people eat tofu as a snack. BSimon hardly listened to his teachers or worked hard in class. For him, talking was so much better. He never stopped talking. He wanted to be heard. “If you listen carefully, youll learn something.” Mrs. Jacobs told

27、 him many times, but it didnt work. Last Sunday, Simon had a sore throat (喉咙痛) and he lost his voice the next morning. “Can I stay home?” he tried to ask, but words didnt come out. His mother thought he could go to school. He felt upset. When he got to school, he didnt say anything to his friends or

28、 teachers. Everyone started talking at once. They were excited, worried and surprised. Mrs. Jacobs seemed happy. Simon was bored because he couldnt talk. But it wasnt so bad. He could do his homework. The next day, even though his voice was coming back, he stayed quiet again. He listened and put up

29、his hand to speak. What a great difference! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 （ ）51. Simon before last Sunday. A. was hard-working B. was shy C. kept silent D. liked talking （ ）52. Mrs. Jacobs once asked Simon to many times. A. leave school B. listen to her C. get to school early D. talk loudly （ ）53. What

30、 happened to Simon on Monday? A. He lost his dog. B. He had the flu. C. He had a fight with his friend. D. He lost his voice. （ ）54. Simon felt when he got to school. A. excited B. worried C. bored D. surprised （ ）55. According to the passage, Simon finally learned to . A. listen to his teacherB. li

31、sten to his friends C. do his homework alone D. talk with his classmates CLast summer, Jeff became a middle school student. He was a good student, and he always worked hard. He had a test in the first month and he finished the questions easily until he read the last one:” 56 Whats her name?” Of cour

32、se, this question was a little special. 57 She was tall and her hair was dark. But Jeff didnt talk with her and didnt know her name. The test was over. 58 Then a student asked the teacher, “Is the last question very important in this test?” “Yes,” said the teacher. “In our life, we will meet many ha

33、rd-working people. They are important. 59 We may smile at them or say hello to them. 60 He also learned that womans name later. It was Kathy. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，内容完整，并将其标号填写在下面题号后的横线上。 A. Jeff gave his paper to the teacher. B. Jeff never forgot that question. C. Jeff saw the woma

34、n sometimes. D. Everyone sees our schools cleaner every day. E. We should care about them56. 57. 58. 59. 60. DMr. and Mrs. Green lived in a big city, and one summer they went to the country（农村）for their holiday. They enjoyed it very much, because it was a quiet, clean place. One day they went for a

35、walk early in the morning and met an old man. He lived on a farm, and he was sitting in the warm sun in front of his house. Mr. Green asked him, “Do you like to live in this quiet place?” The old man said, “Yes, I do,” Mr. Green said, “What are the good things about it?” The old man answered, “Well,

36、 the people here know each other. They often come and visit me, and I often go and visit them. And there are also lots of children here.” Mr. Green said, “Thats interesting. And what are the bad things?” The old man thought and thought and then said, “Well, the same things, are they?” （ ）61. Mr. and

37、 Mrs. Green _ the country very much, because it was a quiet clean place. A. liked B. like C. lived D. live （ ）62. One day they _ for a walk early in the morning. A. went to B. went out C. went up D. went down （ ）63. The old man _ enjoyed the country. A. too B. very C. also D. much （ ）64. The people

38、in the country are very _. A. friend B. friendly C. clever D. careful （ ）65. The old man thought _ and then said, “Well, the same things, are they?” A. quickly B. quietly C. hard D. soon 五. 词语运用（10个小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。有两个词多余。 nobody, nature, plant, surface, air,

39、come, food, dirty, sell protect, grow, happyThere was a small village near a mountain. People there loved their village very much and they grew many (66) on the mountain. Water in the rivers was very clear and the was clean. People lived a poor life, but they were very (68) . After a few years, some

40、 people in the village started to cut down trees to (69) for money. There were some people from cities (70) to visit the village. People began to kill some wild animals as (71) to treat (招待) the visitors. Of course, they made lots of money. But (72) knew what the village would be like in the future.

41、 As time went on, there were fewer plants and animals and the water became (73). The visitors became fewer and fewer. Several years later, people there knew they must stop destroying (破坏)(74). They would like to live a happy life as before, so they began to (75) new plants. They hoped the village wo

42、uld become as beautiful as before. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 六. 补全对话（，每个句子2分，共10分） 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话意思连贯、完整。 A: May I speak to Mr. Wu, please? B: Certainly. Wait a moment, please. A: Good morning. 76. B: Good morning, Mr. Wu. This is Anna speaking. Well, Im feeling terrible

43、 now. I have a fever and a headache. A: Oh, dear. 77. Do you have a cold? B: Maybe. Im afraid I cant go to school today, 78.? A: Of course. Dont worry about your lessons. Have you seen a doctor? B: 79.? My parents will take me to the hospital in a few minutes. A:80. B: Thank you very much, Mr. Wu.八年

44、级英语参考答案一、听力（20分） 1-5 CABAC 6-10 CAABC 11-15 ABBAB 16-20 BCCAB 二、 单项选择（15分） 21-25 CBCCC 26-30 CACDA 31-35 CBAAA 三、完形填空（10分） 36-40 DCABC 41-45 CBDAB 四、阅读理解：（40分） 46-50 CDBAC 51-55.DBDCA 56 60 61-65 ABCBC 五、选词填空:(10分) 66.plants 67. air 68. happy 69 .sell 70 .coming 71. food 72. Nobody 73. Dirty 74.natu

45、re 75. grow 六、补全对话（10分） 76. This is Mr. Hu speaking. 77.Im sorry to hear that 78. May I ask for leave 79. No, I havent 80. I hope youll feel better soon.单项选择专题训练. 单项选择。（10分） ( )1. Jim is ill in hospital. Now he is _ in bed and talking to his doctor. A. lie B. lies C. lying D. lay ( )2. I feel terrib

46、le. I dont feel like _. A. eating anything B. anything to eat C. eat anything D. to eat anything ( )3. If you have a headache, you _ lie down for a good rest. A. shouldnt B. had better not C. had better D. mustnt( )4. I had a backache. I cant sleep. _ A. Dont worry. B. Not so well. C. Im sorry to he

47、ar that. D. Why? ( )5. Oh, you have a headache and a cough. _ have you been like this? Three days. A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How many ( )6. You should _ the doctors advice and _ the medicine on time. A. follow; eat B. follow; take C. take; eat D. eat; take ( )7. Im afraid you have a co

48、ld. Youd better go to see a doctor. _ A. No, I have no time. B. Thats a good idea. C. Its very kind of you. D. Im sorry to hear that. ( )8. You look pale. _ have a good rest? A. Why dont you B. Why are you C. What about D. Why you dont ( )9. You should not eat _ meat. It can make you fatter. A. too

49、many B. too much C. much too D. many too ( )10. Its bad for our eyes to read books _ the sun. A. to B. under C. in D. over ( )1. Watching TV too much _ bad for your eyes. Ill go to bed right away. A. is B. are C. was D. be ( )2. Im fat. What should I do? Youd better eat _ meat and _ fruits. A. less;

50、 more B. less; less C. more; less D. more; more ( )3. I am afraid we will miss the early bus.Dont worry. We have _ time to do it. A. few B. enough C. little D. many ( )4. _ necessary for us _ English well. A. This is; to learn B. Its; to learn C. Its; learn D. Thats; learn ( )5. Youd better not read

51、 _. Its bad for your eyes.Youre right. I wont do that again. A. in the sun B. under the sun C. on the sun D. above the sun ( )6. Humans cant live _ air. I agree with you. A. without B. with C. in D. for ( )7. You are weak. _ important for you _ every day. A. Theyre; to exercise B. Its; to exercise C

52、. Theyre; exercising D. Its; exercising ( )8. Scientists tell us smoking can cause cancer. _ A. OK. B. Thats a good idea. C. Its really terrible. D. It doesnt matter. ( )9. You had better ask your brother _ playing computer games. Its bad for him. A. to give up B. not to give up C. to give it up D. not give it up ( )10. Sugar tastes sweet. But, _, its bad to eat too much. A. such as B. for example C. in fact D. though ( )1. Hello! May I speak to Mary? _ A