英语初高中衔接-音标

1、英语初高中衔接英语初高中衔接音标音标音素和国际音标音素和国际音标 1什么是音素：什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2音素的分类：音素的分类：元音和辅音。3音素的个数：音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。4国际音标：国际音标：是由国际语音协会规定的一套音标，用来记录世界各主要语言的语音。5.音节音节：是读音的基本单位, 核心是元音，元音可以单独构成音节，也可以和辅音一起构成音节。可以分为单音节，双音节和多音节。 Eg. boy hear study teacher understand government necessary 5. 开音节：开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e

2、: name, bike, home, due, plane b) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello6. 闭音节：闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup,let, mad b)元音+辅音: it,is, of, in, on, up, out, ant7.重读音节：重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。 元音和辅音的定义：元音和辅音的定义：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音元音。不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅

3、音辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音浊辅音。26个字母的书写和发音个字母的书写和发音The Alphabet元音 长元音i: : : u: : 短元音 e 双元音e a a e 辅音 清辅音p tk f s tr h浊辅音b d g v z d dr dz 其它辅音m n r w j 48个国际音标个国际音标元音音标元音音标1. /i:/ ee see/si:/ beef /bi:f/ tree/tri:/ green/gri:n/ ea eat /i:t/ sea /si:/ tea /ti:/ please /pli:z/ ie chief/ti:f

4、/ field /fi:ld/ piece /pi:s/ thief/i:f/ e he /hi:/ she/i:/ we/wi:/ these /i:z/ 2. / i big /bg/ it /t/ kid /kd/ pig /pig/ 以 y/ey结尾 twenty/twenti/ monkey/mki/ money/mni/3. /e/ e hen /hen/ egg /eg/ red/red/ pen/pen/ ea head /hed/ ready /redi/ bread/bred/ breakfast/brekfst/4. / a bag/bg/ cap/kp/ can/kn/

5、 fat /ft/ 5. /:/ a class/kl:s/ father /f:/ pass /p:s/ ar car /k:/ card /k:d/ park /p:k/ 6. / u bus/bs/ cup/kp/ duck/dk/ o come/km/ some/sm/ mother/m/ ou touch/tt/ young/j/ country/ktri/ 7. / o dog /dg/ not /nt/ cock /kk/ shop/p/ a want /wnt/ wash /w/ what /wt/8. /:/ a all /:l/ ball /b:l/ call /k:l/

6、tall /:l/ al chalk /t:k/ walk /w:k/ talk /t:k/ or fork /f:k/ horse /h:s/ sword /s:d/ au cause /k:z/ pause /p:z/ fault /f:lt / aw draw /dr:/ law /l:/ hawk /h:k /9. / u look /lk/ put /pt/ pull /pl/ sugar /g/ oo book /bk/ cook /kk/ good /gd/ 10. /u:/ oo cool /ku:l/ food/fu:d/school /sku:l/ ou soup /su:

7、p/ group /gru:p/ through /ru:/ ui juice /du:s/ fruit /fru:t/ u blue/blu:/ glue/glu:/ 11./:/ er her /h:/ term /t:m/ ir bird /b:d/ girl /g:l/ skirt /sk:t/ first /f:st/ or word /w:d/ work /w:k/ ur nurse /n:s/ fur /f:/12./ a about/baut/ sofa/suf/ China/tain/ e open /upn/ travel/trvl/ or doctor /dkt/ act

8、or /kt/ er teacher/ti:t/farmer/fa:m/driver/drav/13./e/ a cake /kek/ game/gem/ plane /plen/ take /tek/ plate /plet/ wake /wek/ snake /snek/14./a/ i I /a/ bike /bak/ drive/drav/ ice/as/ knife /naf/ y cry/krai/ fly/flai/ my/mai/ try/trai/ sky/skai/ uy buy/ba/ guy/ga/等15. / o dont /dnt/ go /g/ old /ld/

9、rose /rz/ oa boat /bt/ coat/kt/ road/rd/ soap/sp/ ow blow /bl/ show/ know /n/ snow /sn/16./a/ ou blouse /blaz/ mouth/ma/ south/sa/ ow cow/ka/ flower/flau/ how /ha/ now /na/17./ oy boy/b/ soy/s/ toy /t/ oi coin/kn/ noise/nz/ point /pnt/18./ ear ear / dear /d/ hear /h/ tear/t/ eer beer /b/ deer /d/19.

10、/e/ air air /e/ chair /te/ hair /he/ pair/pe/ are care /ke/ dare /de/ share/e/ ear bear /be/ pear /pe/20./ oor poor /p/ tour /t/ ure sure / assure /1./p/ p 清pig /pig/ cap/kp/ park/p:k/ /b/ b 浊bag/bg/ bee /bi:/ boy /b/2./t/ t 清it /t/ tiger /tag/ table /teibl/ /d/ d 浊 dog /dg/ desk /desk/ door /d:/ 3.

11、/k/ c/ck/k 清week /wi:k/ cat /kt/ cock/kk/ /g/ g 浊 bag/bg/ good /gd/ green/gri:n/4./f/ f 清 farm /f:m/ five /fav/ fire /fa/ knife /naf/ ph 清phone /fn/ photo /ft/ /v/ v 浊 five /fav/ vase /v:z/ drive /drav/ very /veri/辅音音标辅音音标5./s/ c 清 face /fes/ ice /as/ nice /nas/ rice /ras/ s 清 see /si:/ sit /sit/ se

12、w /s/ study /stdi/ /z/ s 浊 vase /v:z/ please /pli:z/ easy /i:zi/ z 浊 zip /zip/ zoo /zu:/ zebra /zebr/ zero /zr/6./ th 清 math /m/ month /mn/ mouth /ma/ / th 浊 this /is/ that /t/ those /z/ these /i:z/7./ sh 清 fish /f/ ship /p/ shoes /u:z/ wish/wi/ s 清 sure / / s 浊 measure /me/ pleasure /ple/ 8./t/ ch

13、清 chess /tes/ child /tald/ chick /tk/ /d/ g 浊 age /ed/ magic /mdk/ page /ped / j 浊 jam /dm/ jeep /di:p/ jump /dmp/9./tr/ tr 清 tree /tri:/ train /tren/ truck /trk/ true /tru:/ /dr/ dr 浊 drive /drav/ dragon /drgn/ draw /dr:/10./ts/ ts 清 boats /bts/ coats /kts/ cats/kts/ /dz/ ds 浊 beds /bedz/ birds /b:dz/ hands /hndz/11./l/ l 浊 late /let/ leg /leg/ look /luk/ love /lv/12./h/ h 清 hat /ht/ hand/hnd/ her /h:/ how /ha/ wh清 who/hu:/whole/hl/whom/hu:m/ 13./r/ r 浊 red /red/ rice /ras/ rose /rz/ room/ru:m/14. /j/ y 浊yard/j:d/ yes/jes/ yellow/jel/ you/ju:/15. /w