人教八年级英语上册素材unit7 未来最理想的职业-中英文互译A

1、Jobs may be scarce today, but if current trends hold, pretty soon there will be plenty of fun, lucrative gigs. If you have the vision to start prepping now, you could be flying starships, reading minds, or designing organs. 工作也许现在很难找，但如果照当前的趋势发展下去，不久之后，就会有很多既有趣又能赚大钱的工作出现。假如你够有远见，现在就着手准备，那你就有可能成为未来的飞

2、船驾驶员、测心专家或器官设计师。Thought Hacker 思想黑客 Job: Read thoughts. Hiring: 2030 工作内容：洞悉人的思想。上岗时间：2030年Trend: In 2009, U.S. lawyers made the first request to introduce a "lie-detecting" functional-MRI scan as evidence. Though later withdrawn because of shaky scientific support, mind-reading tech will

3、only get stronger. Neuroscientists led by Jack Gallant of the University of California at Berkeley can already roughly reconstruct what people are seeing just from scanning their brains, and memories, thoughts and dreams could be next. Brain-computer interfaces are also well on their way. Fields inc

4、luding psychotherapy and recreational mind-melding will depend on workers who can see into the mind's eye. 发展趋势：2009年，美国律师首次提请将具有“测谎”功能的核磁共振扫描结果作为证据。尽管后来这一提请因为缺乏可靠的科学依据而被撤回，但测心技术的发展只会越来越强大。在加州大学伯克利分校的杰克·加兰特的率领下，神经科学家们已经可以通过扫描人的大脑来大致重现他们在扫描时刻的所见所闻，下一步还有可能会重现人的记忆、思想和梦境。脑机接口技术的发展也十分顺利。包括精神疗法和心

5、灵融合娱乐疗法在内的专业领域都将依赖于可以看透别人心思的工作人员来开展治疗。Education: Neuroscience or computer sciencethey should converge before we go bionic. 应受教育：攻读神经科学或计算机科学如果能集两个专业于一身，我们将变得神通广大。Human/Robot Interaction Specialist 人机交互技术专家Job: Help robots and people get along. Hiring: 2030 工作内容：帮助机器人与人类和睦相处。上岗时间：2030年Trend: Robot nu

6、rses won't help Grandpa much if they don't understand his sarcasm. We'll need savvy workers makingand remakingrobots to ensure that they operate seamlessly in our world. And we'll require help coping in theirs. As droids lure people away from real human contact, expect a demand for s

7、pecialized therapists to boost people's social and robotical skills. 发展趋势：机器人护士要是听不懂老爷爷说的那些挖苦人的反话，那就没多大用处了。我们需要精干的工作人员来造出或改造出可以完全融入我们生活的机器人。而且，在融入它们的世界时，我们也需要帮助。随着机器人让人们在现实生活中彼此渐行渐远，我们需要专业的临床医学家来提升人的社交技能以及与机器人交流的能力。Education: Schools strong in artificial intelligence, such as MIT, Carnegie Mello

8、n University and Stanford University. 应受教育：入读在人工智能方面具有雄厚实力的学校，比如麻省理工学院、卡内基-梅隆大学和斯坦福大学。Space Pilot 太空飞行员 Job: Fly shuttles to space. Hiring: 2020 工作内容：驾驶飞船前往太空。 上岗时间：2020年 Trend: Virgin Galactic plans to launch the first commercial suborbital spaceflights by 2012 for about $200,000 a seat. With compe

9、tition from other companies, that price could soon drop low enough for daily shuttle service to outer space, the moon and asteroids for tourism, mining and science. Commercial pilots will regain the mystique they had in the 1960s as thousands of them strap in for the stars. 发展趋势：维珍银河公司计划在2012年前推出首批商

10、业性质的亚轨道航天飞行，飞船的每个座位约二十万美元。随着其他公司加入竞争，这一价格可能很快就会下跌，到时候航天飞机每天都能发航班去外太空、月球和小行星，人们可以去旅游、采矿、搞科研。当成千上万的商业飞行员系上安全带飞向星空的时候，他们将像上世纪60年代那样再次披上神秘的面纱。Education: Aviation school or the Air Force. Also check out NASA's underwater space-simulator laboratory. 应受教育：在飞行学院或空军部队受训。美国国家航空航天局的水下太空模拟实验室也是不错的选择。 Animal

11、-Migration Engineer 动物迁徙工程师Job: Create new habitats for critters12). Hiring: 2030 工作内容：为动物创建新的栖息地。 上岗时间：2030年 Trend: Many habitats are now being destroyed faster than a species can evolve. But moving creatures to new homes could save them. After figuring out which species to put where (quite the tas

12、k), an "assisted migration" effort requires more care than just piling two of everything into an ark. For example, conservationists who currently relocate butterflies identify suitable sites with aerial photos and trim local plants to the insects' exacting standards.发展趋势：如今，许多栖息地遭受破坏的速

13、度比物种进化的速度快。不过，如果将动物迁移至新的家园，它们就有可能得以拯救。我们先要弄清楚哪些物种该迁到哪里(难度相当大)，然后需要实施“辅助迁徙”。此时，我们需要格外细心，这可不仅仅是每一种动物的雌类和雄类各挑一只，然后放进方舟里面就算完事了。比如，目前正在给蝴蝶安新家的动物保护主义者就是利用航拍照片确定合适的定居点，并严格按照昆虫的标准对当地植物进行修整的。Education: Intern with a group like Operation Migration, which leads cranes to new watering holes. 应受教育：加入“迁徙行动”之类的组织进

14、行实习。该组织的主要使命是将鹤引入新湿地。 Organ Designer 器官设计师Job: Make organs from scratch. Hiring: 2020工作内容：从无到有，制造器官。上岗时间：2020年Trend: Every 90 minutes, someone in the U.S. dies waiting for a transplant. With the senior population doubling by 2050, expect more internal plumbing problems. Medical company Tengion's

15、 simple “neo-organs”, such as bladders, arrive as soon as next year. But we'll still need to figure out how to fashion trickier organs like lungs, kidneys and hearts, all made using the patient's own cells to reduce rejection. “If you're adding a new fender,” says Tim Bertram, a senior v

16、ice president at Tengion, “it has to be the right make and model.”发展趋势：在美国，每隔90分钟就有一个人在等待器官移植中死去。到2050年，老年人口将翻一番，届时，预计会有更多的人需要进行器官移植。Tegion医药公司生产的构造简单的 “新器官”最快明年就能上市，比如膀胱。不过，我们仍然需要研究如何制造出像肺、肾、心脏之类更复杂的器官。为了减少排斥反应，制造这些器官均要使用病人自身的细胞。“这就好比你如果要装一个新的挡泥板，”Tengion公司资深副总裁蒂姆·伯特仑说，“那么它的结构和样式都必须得恰到好处。”Educ

17、ation: A bioengineering program, such as Wake Forest's, which is working to grow more than 22 different organs and tissues in the lab应受教育：学习生物工程专业，比如维克森林大学就正在实验室里培育超过22种不同的器官和组织。Galactic Architect 银河建筑师Job: Build cosmic outposts. Hiring: 2025工作内容：建造宇宙前哨基地。 上岗时间：2025年Trend: President Obama says t

18、hat astronauts will reach an asteroid by 2025. Soon we'll be mining precious metals and making rest-stops to Mars, projects that require buildings and vehicles that can withstand everything from subzero temperatures to extreme radiation. Learning to keep people alive in materials-starved space c

19、ould help Earth-dwellers, too. “Extreme environments provide lessons for everywhere,” says Larry Bell, a space architect at the University of Houston. “How do you do more with less? What is recyclable?”发展趋势：奥巴马总统说，宇航员将在2025年之前到达某个小行星。不久之后，我们就能在小行星上开采贵重金属，并为前往火星建造中途休息站。这类工程所需的建筑物和交通工具要经得住包括超低温和强辐射在内的

20、任何因素的考验。学习如何让人在资源匮乏的太空生存对在地球上居住的人来说同样有帮助。“极端环境带来的教训适用于任何地方，”休斯敦大学太空建筑师拉里·贝尔说，“比如，你如何利用更少的资源做更多的事？哪些东西可循环利用？”Education: A master's in space architecture, currently available only at the University of Houston.应受教育：攻读太空建筑专业硕士学位，目前仅在休斯敦大学可以拿到该学位。World Watcher 世界观察员Job: See it all with satellite

21、s. Hiring: 2030工作内容：用卫星观天下。 上岗时间：2030年Trend: Multispectral satellites can already spot buried ancient cities and track how temperature, population and ground cover help spread disease. As imaging improves, more reverse-astronomers will look down at our own planet with something like a super-powered,

22、 time-lapse Google Earth.发展趋势：多光谱卫星已经能够准确定位地下古城，并对温度、人群以及植被如何促进疾病传播进行追踪。随着成像技术的发展，越来越多的“逆向天文学家”将会把视线下投，用功能超强、延时拍摄的“谷歌地球”之类的工具俯瞰我们居住的星球。Education: Archaeology or geophysics, then grad work in Earth imaging, such as at the University of Wisconsin.应受教育：攻读考古学或地球物理学专业，毕业后再到威斯康星大学之类的院校学习地球成像方面的研究生课程。Forecaster of Everything 全能预报员Job: Analyze data to predict the future. Hiring: 2015工作内容：分析数据，预测未来。上岗时间：2015年Trend: The U.S. Bureau of Labor estimates that demand for statistics wonks will swel