c语言程序设计教程答案周鸣争

1、第1章 C语言概述 一、简答题1（1）语言简洁、紧凑，使用方便、灵活；（2）运算符丰富；（3）具有丰富的数据类型；（4）具有结构化的控制语句；（5）语法限制不太严格，程序设计自由度大；（6）C语言允许直接访问物理地址，能进行位（bit）操作，能实现汇编语言的大部分功能，可以直接访问硬件；（7）生成目标代码质量高，程序执行效率高；（8）用C语言写的程序可移植性好，基本上不作修改就能用于各种型号的计算机和各种操作系统。2顺序结构，分支结构，循环结构3所谓算法就是为解决一个问题而采取的方法和步骤。算法的特性：有穷性、确定性、输入、输出、可行性。表示算法的方式：（1）用自然语言表示；（2）用流程图表示

2、；（3）用NS流程图表示；（4）用伪代码表示；（5）用计算机语言表示。二、算法1瓶子A里盛有醋瓶子B里盛有酱油有一个空瓶C将A中的醋倒入C将B中的酱油倒入A将C中的醋倒入B2输入一个数放在a中max = a以下步骤重复9次：输入一个数放在a中如果a>max，max=a打印max的值3如果a<btemp=aa=bb=temp如果 c>atemp = a a=cc=temp否则如果c>btemp=bb=cc=temp打印a,b,c的值4i=1sum=0以下程序循环100遍：sum=sum+ii=i+1打印sum的值5如果（n除以3的余数为0 并且 n除以5的余数为0）n能够

3、同时被3和5整除否则n不能够同时被3和5整除6i=101以下语句循环50遍：j=2flag=1当j<（i除以2的整数部分）时循环以下语句：如果i除以j的余数为零flag=0退出该循环如果flag=1打印i的值i=i+27如果m<ntemp=mm=nn=tempi=n做以下循环，直到m,n能够被i整除：如果m能够被i整除并且n能够被i整除i即是m和n的最大公约数跳出循环否则i=i-1打印i的值8data=b*b4*a*c如果data0否则 如果data=0x1=x2=b/2否则无实数解三、编程题1main（）printf(“#n”）；printf(“ How do you do？ n

4、”）；printf(“#n”)；2main（）int a,b,c;scanf(“%d%d%d”,&a,&b,&c);printf(“sum=%d”,a+b+c);第二章 数据类型与表达式一、单项选择题1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. B 7.A 8.C 9.D 二、写出下列程序的运行结果1.aabb cc abcAN2.ab97983. 9,11,9,104.a=2,b=3,c=25.s1=2.500000s2=3三、编程题main()char c1='c',c2='h',c3='i',c4='

5、;n',c5='a'c1=c1+4;c2=c2+4;c3=c3+4;c4=c4+4;c5=c5+4;printf("%c%c%c%c%cn",c1,c2,c3,c4,c5);第三章 顺序程序设计选择题1）B 2）D 3）D 4）A 5）A 6）B 7）B 8）A 9）D 10）C 11）D 12）A 填空题1）b 2）261 3）25 21 37 4）abc 5）5.0,4,c=3 6）3编程题#define PI 3.1415926main( ) float h, r, l, sv, sz ;printf(“请输入圆的半径r，圆柱高h：n”) ;s

6、canf(“%f,%f”,&r, &h) ;l=2* PI *r ;s= PI *r*r ;sv=3.0/4.0* PI *r*r*r ;sz= PI *r*r*h ;printf(“圆周长为：l=%6.2f, 圆面积为：s=%6.2fn”, l, s) ;printf(“求体积为：sv=%6.2f, 圆柱体积为：sz=%6.2fn”, sv, sz) ;2、main( ) float c, f ;printf(“请输入一个华氏温度：n”) ;scanf(“%f”, &f) ;c=5.0/9.0*(f-32) ;printf(“摄氏温度为：%6.2fn”, c) ;第四

7、章 循环程序设计一、选择题1.D 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.D.11.B 12.A 13.B 14.C 15.C 16.A 17.A 18.B 19.D 20.D 21.A二、填空题5858580188921，8Year%400=0year%100!=0count+三、编程题1.main()long a;scanf(“%ld”,&a);if (a>=10000&&a<=99999)printf(“这是个五位数”)；else if (a>=1000&&a<=9999)printf(“这是个

8、四位数”)；else if (a>=100&&a<=999)printf(“这是个三位数”)；else if (a>=10&&a<=99)printf(“这是个二位数”)；else if (a>=0&&a<=9)printf(“这是个一位数”)；else printf(“输入错误”)；3.main()int a;int g,s,b;/个位、十位、百位printf("水仙花数有:n");for(a=100;i<=999;a+)g=a%10;s=a/10%10;b=a/100;if (a=

9、g*g*g+s*s*s+b*b*b)printf("%d ",a);printf("n");4、main()int i,n;printf("input n:");scanf("%d",&n);printf("n%d=",n);for(i=2;i<=n;i+)while(i!=n)if(n%i=0)printf("%d*",i);n/=i;else break;printf("%dn",n);5、#include “stdio.h”main()

10、char c;int w,x,y,z;w=x=y=z=0;while(c=getchar()!=n)if(c>a&&c<z)|(c>A&&c<Z)w+;else if (c= )x+;else if (c>0&&c<9)y+;else z+；printf(“英文字母个数：%dn”,w);printf(“空格个数：%dn”,x);printf(“数字个数：%dn”,y);printf(“其他字母个数：%dn”,z);6、main()float h=100,t=100;int j;for(j=1;j<10;j

11、+)t=t/2;h=h+t*2;printf(“共经过：%f 米n”,h);printf(“第十次反弹 %f 米n”,t/2);第五章 数 组一、单项选择题1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. B 7.C 8.B 9.C 10. B二、写出下列程序的运行结果1S=3682*3S1=18S2=104!margorP5数字0的出现次数是：3数字1的出现次数是：2数字2的出现次数是：2数字3的出现次数是：2数字4的出现次数是：0数字5的出现次数是：1数字6的出现次数是：1数字7的出现次数是：1数字8的出现次数是：1数字9的出现次数是：1三、编程题1#include "st

12、dio.h"main()int a11;int i,j,t;printf("input 10 number:n");for (i=1;i<11;i+)scanf("%d",&ai);printf("n");for (i=1;i<=9;i+)for (j=1;j<=10-i;j+)if (aj<aj+1)t=aj;aj=aj+1;aj+1=t;printf("the sorted number is:n");for (i=1;i<11;i+)printf("%

13、4d",ai);2#include "stdio.h"main()int a11,i,b;printf("imput 10 sorted number:n");for (i=0;i<10;i+)scanf("%d",&ai);printf("input an integer:n");scanf("%d",&b);for (i=9;i>=0&&ai>b;i-) ai+1=ai;ai+1=b;printf("sorted numb

14、ers:n"); for (i=0;i<11;i+)printf("%5d",ai); 3#include "stdio.h"main()int a5,i,j,t;printf("input 5 integer:n");for (i=0;i<5;i+) /*输入5个整数*/scanf("%d",&ai);for (i=0,j=4;i<j;i+,j-) /*逆序存放*/t=ai;ai=aj;aj=t;for (i=0;i<5;i+) /*逆序存放后重新输出*/printf(&

15、quot;%5d",ai);4#include "stdio.h"main()int i,j,a1010=1,1,1;for (i=2;i<10;i+) /*给二维数组每个元素赋值*/ai0=1;for (j=1;j<=i;j+)aij=ai-1j-1+ai-1j;for (i=0;i<10;i+) /*输出二维数组*/for (j=0;j<=i;j+)printf("%-5d",aij);printf("n");5#include "stdio.h"main()int a34,i

16、,j,max,row,col;printf("input 3*4 matrix:n");for (i=0;i<3;i+) /*输入3*4矩阵*/for (j=0;j<4;j+)scanf("%d",&aij);max=a00; row=0; col=0;for (i=0;i<3;i+) /*寻找矩阵中的最大值及其行列号*/for (j=0;j<4;j+)if (max<aij)max=aij; row=i, col=j;printf("n数组中最大的数是%d,其行号是%d,列号是%dn",max,

17、row,col);6#define N 3#define M 4#include "stdio.h"main()int aNM,i,j,k,max,row,col;printf("input %d*%d matrix: n",N,M);for (i=0;i<N;i+) /*输入二维矩阵*/for (j=0;j<M;j+)scanf("%d",&aij);for (i=0;i<N;i+) /*求鞍点*/max=ai0; row=i; col=0;for(j=1;j<M;j+) /*求矩阵中每一行的最大值及

18、其所行列号*/if (max<aij)max=aij; col=j;for (k=0;k<N;k+) /*判断每一行的最大值在其所在列是否最大*/if (akcol<max)break;if (k=N) /*得到鞍点*/printf("the point is %d,row=%d,col=%dn",max,row,col);break;if (i=N) /*没有鞍点*/printf("no pointn");7#include "stdio.h"main()int num=0,word=0; /*word=0表示未出

19、现单词,如出现单词就置word为1.num用来统计单词个数*/char c;printf("please input a string :n");while (c=getchar()!='n')if (c=' ')word=0;else if (word=0)word=1; num+;printf("There are %d words in the linen",num);8#include "stdio.h"main()int i,j,uppn,lown,dign,span,othn; /*uppn

20、,lown,dign,span,othn分别存放英文大写字母、小写字母、数字、空格和其他字符的个数*/char text380;uppn=lown=dign=span=othn=0;for(i=0;i<3;i+)gets(texti);for(j=0;j<80&&textij!='0'j+)if(textij>='A'&&textij<='Z')uppn+;else if(textij>='a'&&textij<='z')lown+

21、;else if(textij>='0'&&textij<='9')dign+;else if(textij=' ')span+;else othn+;for(i=0;i<3;i+)printf("%sn",texti);printf("uppn=%dn",uppn);printf("lown=%dn",lown);printf("dign=%dn",dign);printf("span=%dn",span);pr

22、intf("othn=%dn",othn);9#include "stdio.h"main()int i,j;char str120,str220;printf("input two strings:n");gets(str1);gets(str2);j=strlen(str1); /*求字符串1的长度*/for (i=0;str2i!='0'i+,j+) /*字符串合并*/str1j=str2i;str1j='0' /*加上字符串结束标志*/puts(str1);10#include "st

23、dio.h"main()int i,n;char str120,str220;printf("input two strings:(no more than 20 characters)n");gets(str1); gets(str2);n=strlen(str1)<strlen(str2)?strlen(str1):strlen(str2); /*n中存放较短字符串的长度*/for (i=0;i<n&&str1i=str2i;i+);printf("%dn",str1i-str2i); 第六章 函数与编译预处理一

24、、单项选择题1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. B 7.A 8.C 9.D 10. A二、写出下列程序的运行结果1924,B8,B3-4.0000004a=6,b=5548三、编程题1main() int prime(int n);int n;printf("input n(n>0):n");scanf("%d",&n);if (prime(n)printf("%d is a sushun",n);else printf("%d is not a sushun",n);int pr

25、ime(int n)int flag=1,i;for (i=2;i<=n/2&&flag=1;i+)if (n%i=0) flag=0;return(flag);2.#define N 3convert(int array33) int i,j,t;for (i=0;i<N-1;i+)for (j=i+1;j<N;j+)t=arrayij;arrayij=arrayji;arrayji=t;main()int i,j;int aNN;printf("input a:n");for (i=0;i<N;i+)for (j=0;j<N

26、;j+)scanf("%d",&aij);printf("Array a:n");for (i=0;i<N;i+)for (j=0;j<N;j+)printf("%5d",aij);printf("n");convert(a);printf("a de zhuanzhi is:n");for (i=0;i<N;i+)for (j=0;j<N;j+)printf("%5d",aij);printf("n");3. #inclu

27、de <stdio.h>#include <string.h>main()char str100;printf("input a string:n") ;gets(str);inverse(str);printf("the reversed string is:%sn",str);inverse(char str)char t;int i,j;for (i=0,j=strlen(str)-1;i<j;i+,j-)t=stri;stri=strj;strj=t;4. #include <stdio.h>concat

28、(char str1,char str2) int i=0,j;while (str1i!='0')i+;for (j=0;str2j!='0'i+,j+)str1i=str2j;str1i='0'main()char str1100,str2100;gets(str1);gets(str2);concat(str1,str2);puts(str1);5. main()char str80;printf("input a string (4 ge shu zi zi fu):n");scanf("%s",s

29、tr);insert(str);printf("result is:n%sn",str);insert(char str)int i;for (i=strlen(str);i>0;i-)str2*i=stri;str2*i-1=' '6. #include "stdio.h"int i,ndight,nwhite,nletter,nother;count(char str)ndight=nwhite=nletter=nother=0;for (i=0;stri!='0'i+)if (stri>='0&#

30、39;&&stri<='9')ndight+;else if (stri>='A'&&stri<='Z')|(stri>='a'&&stri<='z')nletter+;else if (stri=' ')nwhite+;else nother+;main()char text80;printf("input a string:n");gets(text);count(text);printf(&quo

31、t;ndight=%d,nletter=%d,nwhite=%d,nother=%dn",ndight,nletter,nwhite,nother);7. #define N 10#include <stdio.h>sort(char str)int i,j;char t;for (i=1;i<N;i+)for (j=0;j<N-i;j+)if (strj>strj+1)t=strj;strj=strj+1 ;strj+1=t;main()char strN;int i ;printf("Input 10 ge zi fu:n");g

32、ets(str);sort(str);printf("The sorted result:n") ;for(i=0;i<N;i+)printf("%c",stri);8.这题较复杂#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>#define N 10void input_e(int num,char nameN8)int i;for (i=0;i<N;i+) printf("input gong hao:");scanf("%d",&numi)

33、;printf("input name:");getchar();gets(namei);for (i=0;i<N;i+)printf("%5d%10sn",numi,namei);void sort(int num,char nameN8) /*选择法排序*/int i,j,min,temp1;char temp28;for (i=0;i<N-1;i+)min=i;for (j=i+1;j<N;j+)if (numj<nummin) min=j;temp1=numi;strcpy(temp2,namei);numi=nummin

34、;strcpy(namei,namemin);nummin=temp1;strcpy(namemin,temp2);printf("the sorted result:n");for (i=0;i<N;i+)printf("%5d%10sn",numi,namei);void search(int n,int num,char nameN8) /*折半查找法*/int top,bott,mid,find;find=0;top=0;bott=N-1;if (n<num0)|(n>numN-1)find=-1;while (find=0)&

35、amp;&(top<=bott)mid=(bott+top)/2;if (n=nummid)find=1; printf("%d name is:%sn",n,namemid);else if (n<nummid)bott=mid-1;else top=mid+1;if (find=-1)|(find=0)printf("%d is not found.n",n);main()int numN,number,c,flag;char nameN8;input_e(num,name);sort(num,name);for (flag=1;

36、flag;)printf("please input chazhao de gonghao:"); /*输入查找的工号*/scanf("%d",&number);search(number,num,name);printf("continue Y/N?"); /*是否继续查找*/getchar();c=getchar();if (c='N'|c='n')flag=0;9. #include "stdio.h"#define MAX 10main()char strMAX;ch

37、ar c;int i;i=0;printf("input number(16 jinzhi): "); /*输入一个十六进制的数*/while(c=getchar()!='n'&&i<MAX) stri=c;i+;stri='0'printf("result is :%dn",htod(str);int htod(char s)int i,n;n=0;for(i=0;si!='0'i+)if (si>='0'&&si<='9'

38、)n=n*16+si-'0'if (si>='a'&&si<='f')n=n*16+si-'a'+10;if (si>='A'&&si<='F')n=n*16+si-'A'+10;return(n);10. #define SWAP(a,b) t=a;a=b;b=tmain()int a,b,t;printf("input a,b:") ;scanf("%d,%d",&a,&

39、;b);SWAP(a,b);printf("result:a=%d,b=%dn",a,b);11. #define SURPLUS(a,b) (a)%(b)main()int a,b;printf("input a,b:");scanf("%d,%d",&a,&b);printf("result is: %dn",SURPLUS(a,b);12. main()int a,b,c;printf("input a,b,c:");scanf("%d,%d,%d",&

40、amp;a,&b,&c);printf("max=%dn",max(a,b,c);int max(int x,int y,int z)int t;t=(x>y ? x : y);return(t>z?t:z);#define MAX(x,y) (x)>(y)?(x):(y)main()int a,b,c;printf("input a,b,c:");scanf("%d,%d,%d",&a,&b,&c);printf("max=%dn",MAX(MAX(a,b

41、),c);13. #include "stdio.h"#define CHANGE 1#define MAX 80main()char strMAX;int i;printf("input a string:n");gets(str);#if (CHANGE) for (i=0;stri!='0'i+)if (stri>='a'&&stri<'z'|stri>='A'&&stri<'Z')stri=stri+1;else

42、 if (stri='z'|stri='Z')stri=stri-25;#endifprintf("%sn",str);第七章 指针一、选择题1）A 2）D 3）D 4）C 5）B 6）B 7）B 8）C 9）B 10）C 11）A 12）A 13）A 14）C 15）B 16）A 17）C 18）B 19）D 20）B二、阅读下面程序，写出程序运行结果1）abcdeedcba 2）1113151719 3）（TurboC中是11,97,11 ） （VisualC是9，9 7，11）4）3 6 5）6385三、编程题1、main( ) int

43、 a10,i,temp,*p=a;printf("Please input array a:n");for(i=0;i<10;i+)scanf("%d",&ai);printf("array a:n");for(i=0;i<10;i+)printf("%4d",ai);for(i=0;i<5;i+) temp=pi;pi=p10-i-1;p10-i-1=temp;printf("n Now array a:n");for(i=0;i<10;i+)printf(&q

44、uot;%4d",ai);2、main( ) int a33,*p,i,j;printf("please input matrix:n");for(i=0;i<3;i+)for(j=0;j<3;j+)scanf("%d",&aij);p=&a00;move(p);printf("n Now matrix:n");for(i=0;i<3;i+) for(j=0;j<3;j+)printf("%4d",aij);printf("n");move(in

45、t *q) int i,j,t;for(i=0;i<3;i+)for(j=i;j<3;j+) t=*(q+3*i+j);*(q+3*i+j)=*(q+3*j+i);*(q+3*j+i)=t;3、#include <stdlib.h>#include <alloc.h>#include <string.h>#include <stdio.h>main( )int binary();void insert();char *temp,*ptr16="BASIC","DATA","PASCAL

46、","SQL","USE"int i;ptr15=malloc(20);printf("n");printf("original string:n");for(i=0;i<5;i+)printf("%sn",ptr1i);printf("input search string:n");temp=malloc(20);gets(temp);i=binary(ptr1,temp,5);printf("i=%dn",i);insert(ptr1,

47、temp,5,i);printf("output strings:n");for(i=0;i<6;i+)printf("%sn",ptr1i);int binary(char *ptr,char *str,int n)int hig,low,mid;low=0;hig=n-1;if(strcmp(str,ptr0)<0) return(0);if(strcmp(str,ptrhig)>0) return(n);while(low<=hig)mid=(low+hig)/2;if(strcmp(str,ptrmid)<0)hig

48、=mid-1;else if(strcmp(str,ptrmid)>0)low=mid+1;else return(mid);return(low);void insert(char *ptr,char *str,int n,int i)int j;for(j=n;j>i;j-)strcpy(ptrj,ptrj-1);strcpy(ptri,str);4、main( ) int i;char *p6,str620;for(i=0;i<6;i+)pi=stri;printf("Input 6 strings:n");for(i=0;i<6;i+)sca

49、nf("%s",pi);sort(p);printf("Now the strings:n");for(i=0;i<6;i+)printf("%sn",pi);sort(char *q ) int i,j;char *t;for(i=0;i<5;i+)for(j=0;j<5-i;j+)if(strcmp(*(q+j),*(q+j+1)>0) t=*(q+j);*(q+j)=*(q+j+1);*(q+j+1)=t;5、main( ) int m;char str120,str220,*p1,*p2;printf(

50、"please input two strings:n");scanf("%s",str1);scanf("%s",str2);p1=str1;p2=str2;m=stringcmp(p1,p2);printf("result is %d:n",m);stringcmp(char *p1,char *p2) int i=0;while(*(p1+i)=*(p2+i)if(*(p1+(i+)='0') return(0);return(*p1+i)-*(p2+i);6、main( ) char str

51、130,str230,str3100;int i=0,j=0,k=0;printf("please input two strings:n");scanf("%s",str1);scanf("%s",str2);while(str1i!='0' && str2j!='0') str3k+=str1i+;str3k+=str2j+;while(str1i!='0')str3k+=str1i+;while(str2j!='0')str3k+=str2j+;st

52、r3k='0'printf("n%sn",str3);第八章 结构体一、选择题1、C 2、B 3、C 4、D 5、B 6、A 7、D 8、C 9、C 10、B二、填空题1、34 2、0 3、51 4、10，x 5、364041三、编程题1、 struct complexfloat x; /*实部*/float y; /*虚部*/main()struct complex c1=5,3,c2=2,6;float t1,t2;t1=c1.x*c2.x - c1.y*c2.y;t2=c1.x*2.y + c1.y*c2.x;printf(“The two compl

53、exs product is:”);printf(“%.2f%+.2f in”,t1,t2);2. struct studentchar name10; /*姓名*/int number; /*学号*/float x; /*成绩*/float y; /*成绩*/ main( )struct student s45;int i;void max();void average();void sort();for (i=0;i<45;i+)scanf(“%s%d%f%d”,,&si.number,&si.x,&si.y);/*输入学生的姓名、学号、两门课程

54、成绩*/max(s,45);average(s,45);sort(s,45);void max(struct student *a,int n)float temp;char na10;int i ,num;temp=a0.x+a0.y;for (i=1;i<n;i+)if(temp<ai.x+ai.y) /*求总分最高的学生姓名、学号*/temp=ai.x+ai.y;strcmp(na,);num=ai.number;printf(“%s,%d”,na,num);void average(struct student *b,int n)float aver1,ave

55、r2,s1,s2;int i ;s1=s2=0;for(i=0;i<45;i+) /*求每门课程的总成绩*/s1+=bi.x;s2+=bi.y;aver1=s1/45;aver2=s2/45;for(i=0;i<45;i+)if(bi.x<aver1&&bi.y<aver2) /*输出两门课程都低于平均成绩的学生*/printf(“%s,%dn”,,bi.number);void sort(struct student *c,int n)float t;int i,j ;struct student temp;for (i=0;i<n-1;i+) /*改进的选择法排序可参考课本P89页*/k=i ;for(j=i+1;j<n;j+)if(ck.x<cj.x)k=j;