六年级下册英语素材小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳外研版

1、学习必备欢迎下载外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳一、时态1. 一般现在时(1) 表示经常发生的动作或事情，通常用“usually通常 , often 常常 , every 每 , sometimes有时， always 总是 , ”等词。(2) 基本结构 :主语 I / You / We / They /He / She / It肯定句：主语 + 动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式否定句：主语 + dont +动词原形或者 doesnt +动原一般疑问句 (Yes/No) Do ? Yes, I do.No,I don t.Does( 动词原形 ) ?Yes,he/she does. No,he

2、/she doesn t.特殊疑问句What do ? How does she ( 动词原形 ) ?(3) 动词第三人称单数形式 ( 同名词单数变成复数方法相同 ) 1 一般情况 +s 如:walk-walks2. 辅音字母 +y 结尾 去 y +ies fly-flies3. 结尾是 s, x ， sh, ch +es watch-watches4. 结尾是 0 +es do-does, go-goes5. 特殊 have-has2现在进行时(1) 表示正在发生的动作，通常用“ now现在 , look 看， linsen 听” .(2) 基本形式 : be + 动词 -ingeg: I

3、am(not) doing my homework.You/We/They are(not) reading.He/She/It is(not) eating.What are you doing?Is he reading?学习必备欢迎下载(3) 动词的现在分词形式 ( 动词 +ing)一般情况 +ing walkwalking结尾是不发音的e -e + ing come coming 重读闭音节双写最后一个字母 +ingswim-swimmingrun-running3. 一般过去时(1)表示过去已经发生的事情, 通常用“last上一个 , just now刚才 ,many years a

4、go 许多年前， yesterday昨天”等词。(2) be 动词的过去式 : am/is was are were(3) 过去式基本结构肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式I went shopping last night.否定句：主语 + d idn t +动词原形I didn t go shopping last night.一般疑问句 (Yes/No)Did + 动词原形?Did you go shopping last night?特殊疑问句 (wh- ) What did+ 动词原形?What did you do last night?(4) 动词过去式的变化 :规则动词的变化 :(1

5、)一般动词 +edplanted,watered,climbed(2)以不发音的 e 结尾 +dliked tied(3)辅音字母加 y 结尾 -y+ iedstudystudied, cry- cried(4)重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字双写最后一个字母+ed学习必备欢迎下载plan plannedstopstopped不规则动词的变化 :原形过去式原形 过去式原形 过去式am /iswasdodideatateteach taughtgivegavesingsangcutcutlet letseesawcome cametelltoldcarry carriedarewerefind

6、foundfeel felttake tookhavehaddrive drovebegin beganringrangrunrandraw drewlearnlearntstudy studiedgowentbuyboughtdrink drankreadreadputputmeetmetmakemadewrite wroteride rodesit satgetgot4. 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情。常常与tomorrow, nextSunday等时间状语连用。结构 :be going to +动词原形或 will +动词原形例如 :I m going to v

7、isit my grandpa next week.二、人称代词主格Iweyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouhimheritthem形容词性物主代词myouryourhisheritstheir学习必备欢迎下载名词性物主代词mine oursyourshishersitstheris( 注 : 介词，动词后面跟宾格。后面没有名词时用名词性物主代词。)三、可数名词的复数形式1.一般名词 : + s bookbooks2.辅音字母加 y 结尾 : - y+ ies storystories3.以 s, x ，sh, ch ，结尾 : + es glassglasses; a watch

8、-watches以 o 结尾 :1) 有生命的 +espotato-potatoes2) 无生命的 +sphoto-photoes4. 以 f 或 fe 结尾 : - f或 fe变为 ves knifeknives; shelf-shelves5. 特殊的名词复数 :man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice, child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,四、不可数名词 (

9、 没有复数形式 )bread, rice, water, juice，milk ，tea ，coffee五、缩略形式I m = I amyoure = you areshes = she ishes = he ishasnt = he has(got)its = it iswhos =who iscant =can notisn t=is notdidn t=did notwerent=were notwasnt=wasnot lets=let usI ll=I will六、 a. an .the的用法1. 单词的第一读音是辅音读音:a book, a peach， a “U”学习必备欢迎下载

10、单词的第一个读音是元音读音 :an egg ， an hour ， an “F” 2.the 要注意的 : 球类前面不加 the ，play football乐器前面要加 the ， play the piano序数词前面要加the, the second七、介词1. 表示方位 :on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind. ，under2. 表示时间 :(1)at :几点前面用at如:at six oclock,没有day 的节日前用at如:atChristmas,固定词组at the weekends，at

11、 night(2)on:用于星期，日期，某一天的上午、下午、晚上( 指具体的某一天时)on Sunday在星期天 on Sunday morning在星期天的上午on March 8在 3 月8 日 ;带有Day的节日前用on如: on National Day(3)in:早晨，中午，晚上前用 in:inthe morning，in the afternoon，in theevening，月份前用in，如 in December; 季节前用in，如winter;年份前用in ，如 in 2019八、基数词变成序数词的方法1.直接在基数词词尾加上 th 。如 :seventh 第七， tenth

12、 第十， thirteenth第十三， 2. 以 y 结尾的基数词，变 y 为 i ，再加上 eth 。如 :twentieth第二十。3.不规则的。如:first第一 , second 第二， third第三，fifth第五， eighth第八， ninth 第九， twelfth第十二。4.有两个或以上单词组成的基数词只改最后一个单词如twenty-first第二十一。九、 some /any 的用法1.肯定句中用 some:I have some toys in my bedroom.学习必备欢迎下载2. 问句和否定句中用any:Do you have any brothers or s

13、isters?He hasnt got any pencils in his pencil-case.3. 询问想要什么时用 some:Would you like some juice? Can I have some stamps?十、there be结构1. 肯定句 ( 有 ): There is +单数或不可数名词There are +复数注 : 遵循就近原则，看靠there be最近的2. 一般疑问句( 有吗 ,):Is there? Yes, there is./ No, there isnt.Are there? Yes, there are. /No, there arent.

14、3. 否定句 ( 没有 ): There isnt. There arent .4.there be句型与have(has)的区别 :there be表示在某地有某物( 或人 );have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。十一、祈使句Sit downplease.Dontopen the door, please.Let s go to the park.( 注: 祈使句中动词用原形 )十二、(情态)动词can, may, must, should, will后面直接用动词原形。1. I / He / She / They can sing. May I come in?I must go now

15、.2. You should be quiet in the library. 3. Youll be good friends.学习必备欢迎下载十四、特殊疑问句1.What什么 ( 问什么事 , 什么物或什么工作等 )What are you doing, Im reading.What did you do yesterday? I played basketball.What are you going to do? Im going to do homework.What is that?Its a book.What does he/she do?Shes a nurse.What

16、timeis it?Its seven.2. What colour问颜色What colour is your coat? Its red.3. when 什么时候When do you get up? I get up at six thirty.When is your birthday? Its on the 21st of December.4.Which 哪一个Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?The yellow is mine.5.Who谁Who is the man with a big nose? He

17、s my uncle.6.Whose 谁的Whose bag is it? Its his bag.7.Where 哪里Where is mypen? It s under the book.8.Why 为什么Why do you like summer?Because学习必备欢迎下载9.How many 多少How many books are there in the school bag?There are four books in the school bag.10.How old 几岁How old is the young man? Hes nineteen.11.How much 多少钱How much is the toy bear? Its elevenyuan.12.How 怎么样（ How long/ big/tall？）How do you go to school everyday? I go to school by car.How long is the river? Its 10 miles long.十五 . 已经学过的动词sayhelpknowlostlivereadruntakelistentalkseedrawjumpsingda