六级汉译英剖析

1、乎叩fong青松工作室英语六级translation近年来中国经济增长很快，而污染和排放问题也同样惊人。中国已是全球最大的二氧化碳排放国，尽管其经济规模仅为美国的一半左右。导致这一问题的最大污染源是煤炭，中国煤炭消耗约占全球的五分之一，并以每年约io%的速度增长。针对这一问题，中国政府正开始发起低碳行动，这将推动其未来的增长、发展和能源安全目标。政府还制定了雄心勃勃 的可再生能源利用目标，希望在2020 年前约20%的电力需求由风能和太阳能来满足。in recent years china economy grows very fast. however, its population and

2、 emission problems are also surprising. china is already the biggest country of carbon dioxide despite the fact that its economy scale is only about a half of the us. coal is the chief offender of population that lead to the crisis. china consumes about two-fifths of the world ' s coal at a grow

3、th rate of about 10 percent a year. in order to tackle the problem, chinese government stars a low-carbon action which will foster its future growth development and energy security objectives.the government has also set an ambitious goal for using renewable energy, hoping that by 2020 about 20 perce

4、nt of electricity needs will be met by wind and solar power.在大家庭里，老一辈的意见受到尊重，小一辈人得到全家的呵护。中国宪法规定赡养父母是成年子女义不容辞的责任。在城市里，不和家里老人一起住的年轻夫妇给老人提供生活 费，并帮助他们干家务活。在农村，尽管大家庭解体了许多结了婚的儿子和他的家人还和父 母住在同一个院子里。 对他们来说，分家不过是分灶而已。 结了婚的儿子往往把房子盖在父 母附近，这样父母和子女互相帮助、探望都和过去一样方便。opinions are respected, and thein extended familie

5、s, the older membersyoungest members are loved and taken good care of by all. chinaconstitutionstipulates that grow-up children are duty-bound to support their parents. inthe cities, couples who do not live with their aged parents offer the latter livingallowances and help them with the house chores

6、. in the countryside, thoughquite a number of extended families have dissolved, many married sons andtheir families continue to live in the same courtyard with their parents. to them,breaking up the extended family means cooking their meals separately. mostoften they have their house built n ear the

7、ir parents ' home, makingconvenientfor parents and children to help and visit each other as before.中国在鸦片战争中战败，暴露看她在军事上的落后和政治上的软弱。 西方列强发现迫使中国接受不平等条约是轻而易举的。因而，在战后英国和其他西方国家，包括法国、德国、 俄国和美国，还有东方的日本，或单独或联合对中国发动侵略战争，以不同的方式欺凌中国。19世纪后半叶的中国历史就充满了这样的屈辱。由此，中国从一个有主权的封建国家开始沦陷为一个半封建半殖民地的国家。china ' s defeat

8、 in the opium war exposed her military backwardness andpolitical weakness. western powers found that it was easy to force her to acceptunequal conditions. so after the war, british and other westerncountries,including france,germany,russia,the unite states, and japan in theeast, separately or jointl

9、y launched militaryaggression against china, or bulliedchina in different ways.chinese history in the second half of the 19th centuryfull of such humiliating events. they marked the turn of china from a feudal country into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal one.农历正月十五是中国的元宵节,这一天，人们习惯在门外悬挂大红灯笼,孩子们提着彩色的灯

10、笼玩大人们则上街观赏各式各样的灯笼。据记载，灯笼早在 3000年前就出现在了元宵节上。到了唐代，朝廷将灯笼与佛教联系起来，从此灯笼成了官方礼仪的一部分不同地区的彩灯风格各异，陕北的农民用南瓜做灯笼而北京因为是帝王之都，灯笼一般都做成宫廷灯笼的样子。the 15th day of the first lunar month is the lantern festival in china. it isthe custom to hang with colored lanterns, and people go to squares and stressto admire assorted lan

11、terns. it is recorded that lanterns emergedin the lanternfestival at least 3000 years ago.by the tang dynasty, the court had connectedlanterns with buddhism and made the lighting of lanterns at the lanternfestival a part of official protocol. colored lanterns in different regions havetheir own speci

12、fic features. for example, farmers in northern shanxi provincemake lanterns out of pumpkins, which had long been a dynastic capital, thecolored lanterns are mainly in the style of imperial place lanterns.中国的官方语言普通话在美国的学校突然热起来，由于中国经济在 21世纪的快速发展，美国的公立和私立学校纷纷在外语教学中加入了汉语这一科目，或将已有汉语教学项目进行扩展。据统计，在美国的学校中，有

13、 5万孩子在学习汉语推动汉语项目的发展不是没有遇到困难。由于缺乏受过训练持有证书的教师，一些学校很难加入汉语教学的竞争。当学校聘用教师时，他们通常直接从中国招聘，这种方式为文化冲突埋下了隐患。mandarin,the official language of china, has suddenly become popular inamerican schools.with the rapid development of chinaomy in the 21th ' s econcentury, both public and private schools in american

14、are scrambling to addmandarin to their curricula of foreign languages or expand chinese languageprograms already in place. by some estimates, as many as 50000 childrennationwide are taking mandarin in american school. to developchinese-language programs has met some difficulties. a shortage of profe

15、ssionally trained teachers with certificates has made it difficult for some school to join the competition. when schools need to employ teachers, they often recruit them from china directly, which is a hidden trouble for a culture clash.慈禧对外国人万分惧怕，正像她对国人无比傲慢一样。她在河南停留了很长一段时间， 到了保定有逗留多日，好不容易才回到北京。据说，在

16、这漫长的旅途中还发生看一件趣事。 一位地方官员送给慈禧一只猴子，她颇为高兴竟让人给那只猴子穿黄马褂。后来得知有的官员发出了人不如猴感慨，慈禧才发现自己的决定有些荒唐，于是又命令给随行官员每人一件黄马褂。得到如此殊荣之后，大家真不知道该感谢慈禧还是那只猴子。cixi was utterly fearful of foreigners just as she was extremely arroganttoward her own countrymen. she stopped for a longtime in henan and haltedin baoding for quite a few

17、 days before finally arriving in beijing. it was said thatan amusing episode took place during this long and drawn out journey. when alocal official offered a monkey to her as a gift, she was so pleased that sheordered a yellow mandarin jacket to the monkey. later, she was told that someofficials we

18、re complaining that people were considered less worthy than amonkey, then she realized that her order had been indeed a little too whimsical.so she gave another order granting each of the escorting officials a yellowmandarin jacket.upon the receipt of such an unusual favor, the officials did notknow

19、 whether they should thank cixi or rather the monkey for it.中国园林是经过三千多年的演变而成的独具一份的园林景观。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私 家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和谐关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山、树木、花草，以及各种各样有蜿蜒的小路和走廊。 连接的建筑漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列景新世纪的景观犹如山水画卷一般展现在面乎叩fong青松工作室the chinese garden has become

20、 a landscape of unique style after an evolution for more than 3000 years.it includes not the large gardens built as entertainment venues for the royal family, but also the private gardens built as secluded retreats for scholars, merchants and retired government officials. these gardens have constitu

21、ted a miniature designed to express the harmonious relationship between man and nature. a typical chinese garden is surrounded by walks, trees, flowers and all kinds of buildings linked by winding trails and corridors. strolling around the gardens, people may feel that a series of well-designed scen

22、ery come into sight just like a landscape scroll.中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收，这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似，过中秋节的习俗与唐代早期在中国各地开始流行，中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日，这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。 2006 年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008年又被定为公共假日，月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食，人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有寿”(longevity)、福”或 和”等字样。s cultural heritage list, and in 2008,since

23、ancient times, the chinese people have celebrated harvest in the middle of autumn, which is quite similar to the custom of celebrating thanksgiving in north america. the tradition of celebrating the mid-autumn festival became popular throughout china in the early tang dynasty. the mid-autumn festiva

24、l, failing on august 15th of the lunar calendar, is a day when people worship the moon.on this day, with the bright moon high in the clear sky, families reunite and enjoy the moon together. in 2006, themid- autumn festival was listed in china it was designed as a public holiday. moon cakes, as indis

25、pensable delicious foodof the festival, are given as gifts to relatives and friends or enjoyed at familygatherings. traditional moon cakes are stamped with chinese characters withmeanings oflongevity, happiness, orharmony etc.闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路是古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和发挥这重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路，中国

26、的造纸、 火药、指南针、印刷术传遍各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器也传遍各地，物质文化的 交流是双向的过程，欧洲也是通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需要。the world-famous silk road is a series of routes connecting the east and thewest. the silk road extends more than 6000 kilometers and get its name fromancient china' s silk trade. trade on the silk road played a

27、n important role inthe developmentof the civilizations of china, south asia, europe and the middleeast. it was through the silk road that the four great inventions of ancientchina, namely papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing, wereintroduced into all part of the world. similarly, china' s

28、 silk, tea arwere spread all over the world. as the exchange of material culture is a two-wayprocess, various goods and plants were also exported through the silk road fromeurope to china to meet the needs of the chinese market.北京计划未来三年投资7600亿元治理污染，从减少 pm2.5 排放入手。这一新公布的计划旨在减少四种主要污染源，包括500万辆机动车的尾气排放、

29、周边地区燃煤、来自北方的沙尘暴和本地的建筑灰尘，另外850亿元用于新建或升级城市垃圾处理和污水处理设施，加上300亿元投资未来三年的植树造林。市政府还计划建造一批水循环利用工厂，并制止违章建筑，以改善环境。另外，北京还将更严厉地处罚违反减排规定的行为。beijing is planning to invest 760 billion yuan to control population in the nextthree years, staring from reducing the emissions of pm 2.5.the newly announced plan is aimed a

30、t reducing four major pollution sources, including exhaust emissions of over 5 million motor vehicles, coal-burning in surroundingareas, sandstorms from the north and the construction dust. another 85million yuan will be used to establish or upgrade the facilities of municipal wastetreatment and sew

31、age treatment. besides, 30 billion yuan will be spent on theforestation program in the coming three years.in order to improve the environment, the municipal government also plans to built a number of water-recycling plans and to stop illegal construction. in addition, beijing will punish those peopl

32、e who violate the emission-reduction regulations.中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如，士豪和大妈都是老词，但已获取了新的意义。士豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人，也就是说，士豪有钱，但是没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但是现在特指不久前金价大跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。士豪和大妈可能会被收入新版的牛津英语词典，至今约有 120中文加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。the chinese hot words usually reflect the social chan

33、ges and cultures, someof which are increasingly popular with the foreign media. for instance, tuhaoand dama old words, but they have acquired new meanings.tuhao used to referto the village landlords who bullied the peasants and servants in the old days,but it is used to describe the people who spend

34、 money unwisely or the rich wholike to show off their fortune. in other words, tuhao is wealthy but doesngood taste. dama is used to call middle-agedwomen who bought largeamountsof gold when gold prices dropped not long ago. tuhao and dama are likely to beincluded in the new edition of oxford englis

35、h dictionary. until now, about 120chinese words have been added in the oxford english dictionary, becoming apart of the english language.最近中国科学院(chinese academy of science )出版了关于其最新科学发现与未来一年展望的年度系列报告。系列报告包括三部分：科学发展报告，高技术发展报告，中国可持续战略报告。第一份报告包含中国科学家的最新发现，诸如新粒子研究与h7n9病毒研究的突破。该报告还突出强调了未来几年需要关注的问题。第二份报告公

36、布了一些应用科学研究的热门领域，如3d打印和人造器官研究。第三份报告呼吁加强顶层设计，以消除工业升级中的结构性障碍，并促进节能减排。recently, chinese academy of sciences published an annual reportconcerning its latest scientific discoveries and the prospect of the next year. thereports consisted of the three parts: scientific development, hi-techdevelopment and th

37、e sustainable development strategy of the china. the firstreport included the latest finding of chinese scientists, such as the new particlesstudy and the breakthrough of h7n9 virus research. the report also highlightedsome problems that we need to pay attention to in the coming years. the second re

38、port announced several hot fields of the applied scientific research, such as the 3-dimension print and the study of artificial organs. the third report called onthe improvement of top-level design, in order to get rid of the structuralbarriers of industry upgrading and contribute to energy conserva

39、tion and emission reduction.当前我国经济发展的势头良好，经济增长基本做到了速度，质量和效率的平衡。但是,青松工作室青松工作室我们应该清醒的看到,世界上没有一个国家的经济会长盛不衰,会永远保持高速度,中国也不可能例外。改革开放取得的成就就是有目共睹的，但是，随着经济形势的变化，又出现了一些的矛盾和问题。比如，国企 (stateowned enterprises) 改革问题，失业率高问题，金 融风险问题及生态环境破坏问题等。这些都需要我们高度重视，尽快找到有效的解决办法。nowadays,the development of national economy maint

40、ains a good momentum.the economic growth has kept the balance among speed,quality and economy benefit.but it is also clear to us that there are no countries in the world that can perpetuate an economic boom and high-speed growth.china won ' t be a exception.the achievements of the reform and ope

41、ning-up have been there for all to see.however,as the economic climate changes,new problems begin to arise.these include the reform of the state-owned enterprises,substantialunemploymentrisksin the financial sector and ecologicaland environmental damages all of them require our immediate attention a

42、nd effective solutions in the shortest time possible.美丽并不完全是表面的。有些人可能将美丽定义为在奥斯卡颁奖礼（ oscars ）上身着华美礼服的女演员，或是在大银幕上令人惊异的动作英雄。事实上，美丽是我们内心的写照。美丽始于内在。如同我们所说的，美是一个人内心气质的反应。在最近的研究中发现，男人认为性感女性首先应该具备热情的精神神状态，对生活的激情和自信的状态这三个条件。除了女性自然地身体条件外，在被调查者中，一半人表示男人首先注意到得是女人的微笑。beauty is more than what we look like. some p

43、eople may define beauty asan actress at the oscars in her stunning gown, or as an action hero on the bigscreen that takes people' s breath away. in reality, beauty is what appeals to ourhearts. beauty begins from within. as we often say, beauty is the reflection ofone ' s inner spirit. in a

44、recent study, a spirit full of zest, a passion for life and self-confidence were ranked as there of the highest qualities that men found' s physical appearance, half of those"sexy " in a woman. in addition to womensurveyed said that a womans smile was the first thing they noticed.中国位于亚

45、洲东部，是世界上人口最多的国家。中国是世界四大文明古国之一，地大物博，拥有茂密的森林，雄伟壮丽的瀑布，秀丽的湖泊，如利剑直插云霄的山峰以及富有中华文化光辉的古迹(historical remains),令世界各国人民神往。但是，更重要的是，中国具 有五千年的历史，遗留下无数的历史 (historical relics) ,其中包括珍贵珠宝，古迹名胜， 宫殿(palaces)及数不尽的雄伟建筑，令人惊叹不已。这种原因都促使中国成为许多人梦寐 以求的旅游胜地。china lies in the east of asia and it has the largest population in th

46、e world.being one of the four countries in the world that have an ancient civilization, china possesses extensive historical remains of glorious antiquity. besides, it has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests, magnificent water falls, majestic and beautiful rivers a

47、nd lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the skies like swords. all these make china a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world. but most importantly, china boasts a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical relics left over from the long past, such a

48、s priceless pearls and jewels, historic sites and scenic spots, palaces and edifices of architectural richness, all of which have won people' s admiration. you are sure find great enjoyment from allthese attractions in china, a much-admired dream land.中华民族的传统文化博大精深、源远流长。早在 2000多年前，就产生了儒家学说和道家学说，

49、以及其他很多在中国思想史上有地位的学说流派，这就是有名的诸子百家 从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族传统文化有它很多珍贵的品质，许多人民性和民主性的东西。乎叩fong育检青松工作室比如 天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操， 民为邦本“、民贵君轻”的民本思想和巳所不欲， 勿施于人”的待人之道。the traditional chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course. more than 2000 years ago, there emerged in china confucianism and taoism, and many other theori