初中形容词和副词讲解与练习

1、学习必备欢迎下载形容词和副词讲解与专项练习一、形容词（一）定义：用来描写或修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的特征或性质。（二）用法1.做定语 (此时，形容词的位置在被修饰名词之前)。 e.g. This is an old house.2.做表语（此时，形容词的位置在连系动词之后）。e.g. I am sorry to hear that.3.做宾语宾语补足语 （此时，形容词的位置在宾语之后） 。e.g. She made her motherangry.4.形容词在句中的位置。形容词做定语修饰名词时，放在名词前面。修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词之后。She is a clever girl.I s

2、aw something white in the water.形容词修饰带有表量度的词或者词组时定语后置。The bridge is one hundred meters long .5.某些形容词前加上定冠词the，可以代表一类人或东西， 可以用作主语， 宾语等。做主语时当复数看待。 e.g.The old are well looked after.We all love the beautiful.二、副词（一）定义：用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词以及全句。（有许多副词是从形容词转化而来的。方法是在形容词词尾加上 ly 如：.bad-badly, careful-carefully.等

3、，在变化时要注意词尾是 y的，要把 y改为 I再加 ly。如： lucky-luckily. busy-busily 等。另外以 e 结尾的，大部分直接加 ly. 如： wide-widely, brave-bravely 等。还有几个特殊的要去 e 后再加 ly. 如： true-truly terrible-terribly 等。（二）用法1.作状语。 e.g.They work hard .(副词修饰动词）They are quite right .（副词修饰形容词）He park the car very easily （.副词修饰副词）Unfortunately, he was ou

4、t.（副词修饰整个句子）2.作定语（时间副词和地点副词可以做后置定语）。e.g.The students here are all from Hubei.3.作表语。e.g.What is on this evening?(今晚上演什么节目。）4.作宾语补足语。e.g.Don't let him in.三 形容词和副词的比较等级在英语中形容词和副词有原级，比较级和最高级之分。原级就是它们的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化。学习必备欢迎下载(一)形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化1.规则变化单音节词和部分双音节词(1)一般在词尾加 er,est. hard-harder-hard

5、est great-greater-greatest(2)以字母 e 结尾的加 r,st. nice-nicer-nicestable-abler-ablest(3)重读闭音节中末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写辅音字母，再加er,est.big-bigger-biggestfat-fatter-fatter red-redder-reddestthin-thinner-thinnesthot-hotter-hottestwet-wetter-wettest(4)以辅音字母 +y 结尾的词，先改 y 为 i 再加 er.est多音节词和部分双音节词 ,在其前加 more,most.polite-mo

6、re polite-most polite exciting-more exciting-most excitinginteresting-more interesting-most imnteresting carefully-more carefully-mostcarefullyquickly-more quickly-most quicklyhappily-more happily-most happily有些形容词和副词的比较等级用-er,-est 或者 more,most 皆可，如 clever,lovely 等。表示 “较不 -”和“最不- ”时，可用 less 和 least.

7、difficult-less difficult-least difficultinteresting-less interesting-least interesting2. 不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest(二)形容词和副词级的用法原级 :(1)原级的基本用法句型 :主语 +谓语动词 +as+原级 +as+比较对象(前者与后者一

8、样 .)主语 +.not+as/so+原级 +as+比较对象(前者不如后者那么 .)The coat is as old as that one .The weather in Beijing is not as/so hot as that in Shanghai .(2)原级的特殊用法1)表示 "是 .的几倍 ". 句型 :.times +as +原级 + as .This house is three times as large as that one .He can run five three times as fast as his brother.2)表示

9、".的一半 .". 句型 :.half as +原级 + as .学习必备欢迎下载My money is not half as much as yours.3)表示 "尽可能 .".句型 : .as + 原级 + as possible/one can.We should get up as early as possible/we can.比较级的用法1.两者相比（甲大于乙），用比较级+than 表示This room is bigger than that one .2.要表示 ···不如··

10、83;，用 less+原级 +than 结构This book is less difficult than that one .3.表示 两者人，事物之间，比较·的，用 the+比较级 +名词 +of+the+名词或代词 结构Bob is the taller boy of the two boys.4.不于其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变，用比较级 +and+比较级 结构，意思是越来越 ···The weather is getting warmer and warmer .5.表示一方随另一方的变化而变化，用 the+比较级， the+比较级 结构

11、，意思是越··就越 ···The more you eat, the fatter you will be .6.表示 几倍于 ··时 ，用 倍数 +as···或用as倍数 +比较级 +than 表示 Our room is three times larger than yours . Our room is three times as large as yours .7.用 much，far ,still ,even , a lot , a little ,a bit 等词来修饰比较级，表

12、示程度，放在比较级之前。如： It s much warmer today .最高级的用法1.三者或三者以上之中的 最，用形容词，副词的最高级。形容词最高级前必须加冠词 the，副词最高级前的 the 可省略，常用的结构为： A+be+the+形容词，副词最高级+in（of）+表示范围的短语 。He is the tallest boy in our class .2.用比较级的形式，表达最高级的含义比较级 +than+（1）.any other+单数名词或（2）.+all the other+复数名词(3).+anyoneelse (4).+any of the other +复数名词Tom

13、 is taller than any other student in our class .3.最高级可以被序数词及much， by far, nearly, almost 等修饰，表示程度。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.四、专项训练1写出下列形容词副词的比较级最高级。young _nice _ _far _ _early _much _ _delicious _ _short_late _ _little _ _beautiful _ _fat _ _red _ _2用所给的形容词副词的适当形式填空。A. To

14、m is _ (tall) than Jim.学习必备欢迎下载B. Li Lei is _(young) boy in his class.C.I think English is _ (interesting) than any other subject.D. David has _ (many) story books of all the students.E. Li Lei speaks English _ (well) in his group.F. Lucy runs _ (slow) than Lily.3改正下列句子中一处的错误。A Tom comes to school l

15、ate than Jim._B. Which do you like better , cats ,dogs, or chickens? _C. Who is oldest in our class? _D. He thinks math is importanter than Chinese._E. This work is very harder than that one._F. He lives farer than any other student in your class._4单项选择() 1. The air in Beijing is getting muchnow tha

16、n a few years ago.A. cleanB. cleanerC. cleanestD. the cleanest() 2. Nowadays science fiction isnastascartoons among teenagers.A. popularB. more popularC. less popularD. the most popular() 3. Remember, boys and girls.you work,result you will get. We know, Miss Gao.A. The better, the harderB. The hard

17、er, the betterC. The hard, the betterD. The harder, the good() 4. Jack has three friends. Mike is theof the four.A. most cleverestB. morecleverC. cleverestD. clever() 5. In our English study reading is more important than speaking. I think. I don t agree, speaking isthan reading.A. as important asB.

18、 so important asC. the most importantD. the same as() 6. John is myfriend of all the classmates.A. goodB. betterC. bestD. the best() 7. Beijing is one ofcities in China.A. very beautifulB. much beautifulC. more beautifulD. the most beautiful() 8. The Yellow River isn t soas the Changjiang River.A. longB. longest