轮机英语2013大管轮题库

1、 The distance between the bottom of the hull and the waterline is called _. A. tonnage B.reserve buoyancy C. draft D.freeboard For an upright vessel, draft is the vertical distance between the keel and the _. A. waterline B.freeboard deck C. Plimsoll mark D.amidships section he trim of a vessel is t

2、he _. A. value of the mean draft B. degree of list C. amount of roll D. difference in fore and aft drafts The difference between the starboard and port drafts caused by a transverse shift in weight is _. A. list B. heel C. trim首尾吃水差 D. flotation When a ship in loaded condition floats at arbitrary wa

3、ter line, its displacement is to the relevant mass of water displace A. equal B. larger C. smaller D. equivalent The displacement of a ship is to the total weight, all told, of the relevant loaded ship. A. larger B. equal C. smaller D. equivalent If the buoyant force on a ships hull is equal to or g

4、reater than the displacement tonnage, the ship will _. A. require ballast added to only the port side tanks B. be down by the head C. sink D. float You may improve a vessels stability by _. A. keeping the fuel tanks topped off B. increasing the free surface effect C. keeping the fuel tanks at least

5、haft full D. keeping at least one fuel tank empty for slops The stability of a vessel is normally the greatest when all fuel and water tanks are full because the _. A. center of gravity is lowered B. center of buoyancy is lowered C. reserve buoyancy is unchanged D. hull freeboard is increased The de

6、pth of the ship below waterline measured vertically to the lowest part of the hull is called . A. trim B. lean C. draft D. tonnage In using reduction gears to obtain efficient propeller speeds, . A. they must be located at the after end of the engine B. they can only be used with one engine at a tim

7、e C. they eliminate the need for controllable pitch propellers D. they are connected to the engine with a flexible coupling A diesel engine is operating at 1800 rpm and driving a propeller at 600 rpm. What is the speed reduction ratio? A 0.30 to 1 B. 3.00 to 1 C. 3.33 to 1 D. 33.0 to 1 Why a gearbox

8、 is needed in a ship driven by a medium-speed diesel engine? . . A. To reduce the main engine speed B. To increase the main engine speed. C. To govern the main engine speed D. To fix the propeller shaft. Propulsion of the vast majority of contemporary merchant ships utilizes _ as prime mover. A. gas

9、 turbine B. diesel engine C. steam engine D. gasoline engine Typical marine propulsion plants include _ directly coupled to the vessels single large-diameter, fixed-pitch propeller. A. a single, long-stroke, slow-speed, turbocharged, two-stroke diesel engine B. a single, long-stroke, medium-speed, t

10、urbocharged, four-stroke diesel engine C. two medium-speed, turbocharged, four-stroke diesel engines D. a variable-speed AC generator The _ engine is used for alternators and some times for main propulsion with a gearbox to provide a propeller speed of between 90 to 120 rpm. A. four-stroke B. slow s

11、peed C. two-stroke D. reversible Some medium and high speed diesel engines require reduction gear units to provide a useful propeller speed. In most reduction gears, the bull gear . A. must churn the oil in the sump B. is connected to the propeller shaft C. is driven at the highest rpm D. compensate

12、s for alignment variations between the engine and pinion gear When used with reversing reduction gears, medium-speed diesel engines should be bolted to their foundations with fitted bolts at the drive end and clearance bolts in other locations. This is done to . A. maintain alignment when the ships

13、hull is working in heavy seas B. ensure engine vibrations correspond to the natural frequency of the hull C. permit the engine to expand away from the driven equipment as the engine heats up and expands D. maintain engine thrust bearing clearances The term “ship” is used to denote a _ em¬ployed

14、 to transport goods and persons from one point to another over water. A. barge B. vehicle C. tank D. lighter Ship propulsion normally occurs with the help of a _ , which is the term most widely used in English, al¬though the word “screw” is sometimes seen, inter alia in combinations such as a “

15、twin-screw” propulsion plant. A. thruster B. screw C. rivet D. propeller Today, the primary source of propel¬ler power is the _, and the power requirement and rate of revolution very much depend on the ships hull form and the propeller de¬sign. A. diesel engine B. steam turbine C. gas turb

16、ine D. nuclear plant The three largest categories of ships are container ships, _ and tankers, which again can be divided into more precisely defined classes and types. A. bulk carriers B. general cargo ships C. passenger ships D. reefers Displacement comprises the ships light weight and its deadwei

17、ght, where the _ is equal to the ships loaded capacity, including bunkers and other supplies necessary for the ships propulsion. A. displacement B. light weight C. heavy weight D. deadweight Besides the metric ton , there is the English ton , which is also called the “_”. A. long ton B. short ton C.

18、 middle ton D. cold ton The light weight of a ship is not nor¬mally used to indicate the size of a ship, whereas the _, based on the ships loading capacity, including fuel and lube oils etc. for op¬eration of the ship, measured in tons at scantling draught, often is. A. displacement tonnag

19、e B. light weight tonnage C. heavy weight tonnage D. deadweight tonnage The influence of frictional and residual resistances depends on how much of the hull is _ the waterline, while the influence of air resistance depends on how much of the ship is _ the wa¬terline. A. below/above B. below/bel

20、ow C. above/below D. above/above Wave resistance refers to the energy loss caused by waves created by the vessel during its propulsion through the water, while eddy resistance refers to the loss caused by flow separation which cre¬ates eddies, particularly at the _ of the ship. A. aft end B. fo

21、re end C. middle D. deck The diesel engine is a type of internal combustion engine which ignites the fuel by injecting it into hot, high pressure air in a _. A. air bottle B. crank case C. air compressor D. combustion chamber The energy associated with molecules is known as _. A. kinetic energy B. p

22、otential energy C. mechanical energy D. thermal energy Thermal energy in transition is also referred to as . A. heat B. power C. horsepower D. foot-pound Which of the following forms of energy is demonstrated through the process of combustion? A. Chemical energy B. Mechanical energy. C. Thermal ener

23、gy. D. Electrical energy. As a heat engine, energy is the source of power by which the diesel engine can be operated. A. electric B. mechanical C. heat D. exhaust To meet the market requirements, a marine diesel engine should not be of _. A. big size B. fuel economy C. low speed D. high power The di

24、esel engine is a type of _ . A. turbine engine B. steam engine C. gas turbine D. internal combustion engine We call a ship equipped with diesel main engine “_”. A. a tug boat B. an oil tanker C. a salvage ship D. a motor vessel Diesel engines are classified as reciprocating internal combustion engin

25、es because they _. A. use energy from fuel burned outside their cylinders B. burn fuel in a combustion chamber that moves back and forth C. burn fuel in a chamber where its energy moves a piston back and forth D. use a continuous combustion process to impart rotary motion to the pistons Since the bu

26、rning or combustion takes place within the engine itself, the engine is known as _. A. a fire-tube boiler B. an external combustion engine C. an internal combustion engine D. An internal combustion generator What determines the number of events occurring in a cycle of operation in an internal combus

27、tion engine? A. Crankshaft revolution. B. Type of engine . C. Distance a piston travels during a stroke. D. Number of pistons. There are four main types of marine engines: and the marine nuclear plant. A. the diesel engine, the steam turbine and dual-fuel engine B. the diesel engine, the steam turbi

28、ne and the gas turbine C. the gas-diesel engine, the gasoline engine and the diesel engine D. the gasoline engine, the diesel engine and the steam turbine Gas turbines differ from steam engines in that _. A. steam rather than gas is used to turn a shaft B. vapor rather than gas is used to turn a sha

29、ft C. the former uses gas to turn a shaft D. the latter uses gas to turn a shaft . can be found on most medium to large merchant vessels even if the main engine is either a steam turbine or 2-stroke crosshead engine A. The medium speed 4-stroke trunk piston engine B. The low speed 2-stroke crosshead

30、 engine C. The medium speed 2-stroke crosshead engine D. The low speed 4-stroke trunk piston engine A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no _. A. piston B. connecting rod C. cylinder D. spark plug The diesel engine consumes considerably less fuel than the steam

31、engine for equal output; _ enables a motor-ship to load more cargo. A. why B. which C. in which D. on which The diesel engine is similar to the gasoline engine in that _. A. both of them are ignited by compressed air B. both of them are the forms of external combustion engines C. both of them have s

32、park plugs D. the power is developed by the piston in the cylinder The main operating characteristic of diesel engines which distinguishes them from other internal combustion engines is the . A. method of supplying air B. cooling system C. method of igniting fuel D. valve operating mechanism Which o

33、f the following reasons represents why the designed compression ratio of a gasoline engine is lower than that of a diesel engine? A. Compression must be low for effective spark ignition B. Compression must be low for required horsepower and torque generation C. Compression must be low to prevent pre

34、-ignition D. Compression must be low to have effective pre-ignition Diesel engine electric starting motors generally require heavier duty motors and operate at higher voltages than comparable starting motors for gasoline engines due to_. A. higher speed required B. flywheel effect C. lower starting

35、temperatures D. higher compression pressures The rotating range of the low speed diesel engine is usually lower than . A. 100 rpm B. 200 rpm C. 300 rpm D. 500 rpm The term medium speed diesel engine is currently taken to mean an engine with an operating rotational speed of _ rpm. A. below 300 B. bet

36、ween 300 to 1200 C. above 1200 D. below 1200 A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800 RPM, is commonly classed as a _. A. slow-speed diesel B. medium-speed diesel C. high-speed diesel D. constant-speed diesel The majority of medium speed and high speed marine

37、diesel engines for main or auxiliary drive operate in _ cycle. A. two-stroke B. ling-stroke C. four-stroke D. short-stroke The slow speed main propulsion diesel usually operated on _. A. the four stroke cycle B. the two stroke cycle C. the four-stroke cycle D. the two-stroke cycle Most often _ is at

38、tached to the engine-propeller shaft for efficient electric power generation. A. a variable-speed AC generator B. a fixed-speed AC generator C. an air blower D. a DC generator Diesel engines instead of steam engines were used as main engine on board ships is mainly because _. A. they have a high mec

39、hanical efficiency B. they have a high thermal efficiency C. they are more reliable D. they are simple in construction Hitachi B&W, 2-stroke cycle, single acting direct reversible, cross-head, welding design type diesel engine with turbo-charge, these information refers to . A. the type of a pum

40、p B. the type of an auxiliary equipment C. the type of a turbo-charge D. the type of a diesel engine Marine four-stroke diesel engines are mainly . A. of crosshead type B. of trunk piston type C. of low speed type D. all the above Among the main propulsion units on board the ship with the same capac

41、ity, the lightest one is . A. steam engine B. steam turbine C. gas turbine D. diesel engine The slow speed main propulsion diesel operates on two-stoke cycle. At this low speed the engine requires no reduction gear box between it and . A. thrust blocks B. flying wheel C. propeller D. rudder Medium s

42、peed engines have a _ power to weight ratio than the slow speed two-strokes, but due to the higher speeds tend to have _ maintenance intervals A. higher/reduced B. higher/increased C. lower/reduced D. lower/increased Owing to its , the low speed cross-head diesel engine is widely used on board ship

43、as a main engine A. smaller size and simple construction B. long life, lower cost and reliability C. easier operation and management D. simple construction and easier management _are increasingly used as main engine on merchant vessels, because they have a high Hp/Weight ratio. A. Slow speed diesel

44、engines B. Medium-speed diesel engines C. Steam engines D. Gasoline engines The reason why more and more of the large merchant vessels are being powered by medium speed diesel engines is . A. they operate between 150 and 450 rpm B. they are connected to the propeller by gearing C. their smaller size

45、 and weight D. they can be connected directly to the propeller without gearing The final calculation method of the_ and how to award compliance has not yet been determined. A. EEDI B. SMCR C. NCR D. SFOC The efficiency of a two-stroke main engine particularly depends on _. A. the ratio of the minimu

46、m pressure and the mean effective pressure B. the ratio of the mean pressure and the mean effective pressure. C. the ratio of the mean pressure and the maximum effective pressure D. the ratio of the maximum pressure and the mean effective pressure. It is a verified fact that the higher _ of a two-st

47、roke engine, the higher _. A. the engine efficiencythe stroke/bore ratio B. the stroke/bore ratiothe engine efficiency C. the bore / stroke ratiothe engine efficiency D. the engine efficiencythe bore / stroke ratio The main engines 75%_ figure is as standard applied in the calculation of the _ figur

48、e, in which also the CO2 emission from the auxiliary engines of the ship is included. A. EEDISMCR B. SFOCEEDI C. SMCREEDI D. SMCRSFOC One of the goals in the marine industry today is to reduce the impact of CO2 emissions from ships and, therefore, to reduce the _ for the propulsion of ships to the w

49、idest possible extent at any load. A. fuel consumption B. lube oil consumption C. fresh water consumption D. spare parts consumption Based on an average reference CO2 emission from existing container vessels, the CO2 emission from new container vessels in gram per dwt per nautical mile must be _ the

50、 reference emission figures valid for the specific container vessel. A. equal to or lower than B. larger than C. independent of D. dependent of A more technically advanced development drive includes optimizing the aft body of the ship, making it possible to install propellers with a larger propeller

51、 diameter and, thereby, obtaining _ propeller efficiency, but at a _ optimum propeller speed. A. higher/ reduced B. higher/increased C. lower/reduced D. lower/increased EEDI represents the amount of _ in gram emitted when transporting one deadweight tonnage of cargo one nautical mile. A. carbon mono

52、xide B. carbon dioxide C. exhaust gases D. NOX In general, the larger the propeller diameter, the _ the propeller efficiency and the _ the optimum propeller speed referring to an optimum ratio of the propeller pitch and propeller diameter. A. higher/higher B. higher/lower C. lower/lower D. lower/hig

53、her The efficiency of a two-stroke main engine particularly depends on the ratio of the maximum pressure and the mean effective pressure. The higher the ratio, the _ the engine efficiency, i.e. the _ the Specific Fuel Oil Consumption . A. higher/higher B. higher/lower C. lower/lower D. lower/higher

54、Of all types of commercial internal combustion engines now built, which one usually gives the best performance, and hence it is A. steam engine B. gasoline engine C. gas turbine D. diesel engine Large, slow speed, two-stroke marine diesel engines offer the advantages of the following except _. A. bu

55、rning poorer quality, cheaper fuel B. providing large power C. being reversible D. using less oil than medium speed engines Why are slow speed diesel engines especially tall? A. Because in this way the piston can be withdrawn downwards. B. The engine can occupy larger space. C. The engine may have l

56、ong strokes which improve engine efficiency. D. More maintenance is provided. Large, slow speed, two-stroke marine diesel engines are directly coupled to the propeller and do not require a _. A. piston B. gearboxes C. crankshaft D. thrust block Since most medium-speed diesel engines are non-reversible, what is usually used to cater for astern thrust? A. a reversing gear B. a controllable pitch propeller C. a fixed pitch propeller D. a clutch Medium speed engines have the following advan