必修3-Unit 4

1、Chinas first astronaut-Yang Liwei1._n. 天文学 _n. _ adj. 2. _n. 宗教；宗教信仰 _ adj.笃信宗教的3._ vt.发展，发达 _发展n._adj.发达的_adj.发展中as . develop/with the development of. 随着.的发展4. _prep.不同;不像 _adj.极有可能的_v. 不喜欢 _adj. / adv.相同的（地）5. _n. 出席；到场；存在 _adj. n. v. _n. 缺席 _ adj. _v. 代表_n6._ v.反应_n._对.反应astronomyastronomerastron

2、omicalreligionreligiousunlikelikelydislikealikepresencepresentabsenceabsentrepresentrepresentativedevelopmentdevelopeddevelopingdevelopreactreaction react to.7. _n.球体；地球仪；地球 _adj. 8._n. 系统；体制_adj.9. _v. 减少；减轻_adj. 10. _n. 生物学_n. 生物学家 _adj. _adv.11. _adj. 温和的；文雅的 _adv. _n. 12. _vt.用尽；耗尽；使筋疲力尽 _adj. 感

3、到筋疲力尽 _adj. 使人筋疲力尽 _n.13. _adv. 失重地_adj. _v. _n. 14. _n. 欢呼v.欢呼，鼓励_adj. _adj. (不高兴的；不快乐的）globeglobalsystemsystematicbiologybiologistbiologicalbiologicallygentlegentlygentlenesslessenlessexhaustexhaustedexhaustingweightlesslyweightlessweighweightexhaustioncheercheerfulcheerless1. _下蛋下蛋2. _挡住挡住(光钱光钱)3

4、. _感到高兴感到高兴; 感到振奋感到振奋4. _突发突发; 爆发爆发二、短语翻译二、短语翻译break out break out lay eggslay eggsblock outblock outcheer upcheer up5. _密切注视密切注视; 当心当心; 提防提防6. _阻止阻止; 制止制止7. _产生产生; 分娩分娩8. _及时及时in time in time watch out(for)watch out(for) prevent .fromprevent .fromgive birth togive birth to9. _轮到某人；接着轮到某人；接着10. _既然既

5、然11. _依靠依靠12. _结果结果as a resultas a resultin onein ones turns turnnow thatnow thatdepend ondepend on 13.以开始 14.开始存在 15. 熟悉，掌握 16.突然 17.各种各样的. 18.四面八方 19.冷却下来 begin withcome into existenceget the hang ofall of a suddenall sorts ofin all directionscool down .重点单词重点单词 1. existvi.存在；生存存在；生存 【词性变化】【词性变化】

6、existent adj.存在的存在的existence n存在存在 【归纳【归纳*拓展拓展】 exist in 存在于存在于中中exist by 靠靠生存生存 exist onlive on 靠靠生活生活 exist as 作为作为而存在，而存在， 以以形态存在形态存在 There exists/existedThere is某地有某地有，存，存在在 come into existence 开始存在；成立开始存在；成立 bring into existence 使发生，产生使发生，产生 extinctdie out【即学即练】【即学即练】用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。用适当的词填空

7、或用所给词的适当形式填空。 (1)They cannot exist _ the money he is earning. (2) Matter can exist _ solid, liquid or gas. (3)We cant exist without water. That means our _ (exist) depends on water. (4)_ always _ a force of attraction between two bodies. (5)When did the world _ 提示：提示：exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。作“存在

8、”讲时，后接介词in，再加地点名词；作“生存”讲时，后可接介词on，有live on的意味。oninexistenceThereexistcome into existence写作运用 翻译合并下列句子。 (1) 恐龙是地球上最大的生物之一。 The dinosaur is one of the largest creatures on earth. (2) 六千多万年以前，恐龙就存在地球上。 Dinosaurs existed on Earth more than sixty million years ago. (用同位语手段)合并： Dinosaurs, one of the large

9、st creatures on earth, existed on Earth more than sixty million years ago.原句原句: How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve. 生命是如何起源的这个问题是科学家生命是如何起源的这个问题是科学家很难解答的最大困惑之一。很难解答的最大困惑之一。(B3 P27)2. puzzle n. 谜谜; 难题难题v. (使使)迷惑迷惑; (使使)为难为难例句例句: How he passed the

10、 exam is still a puzzle to us. 他如何通过考试的对我们来说他如何通过考试的对我们来说还是一个谜。还是一个谜。 . puzzlen谜；难题谜；难题 vt.& vi.(使使)迷惑；迷惑；(使使)为为难难 【词性变化词性变化】 puzzling adj.令人困惑的令人困惑的 puzzled adj.(某人感到某人感到)困惑的困惑的 puzzlement n困惑困惑 【归纳归纳*拓展拓展】 be puzzled by 被被迷惑迷惑 be in a puzzle (about) (对对)困惑困惑/不知如何是好不知如何是好 be a puzzle to sb. 对某人

11、来说是个谜对某人来说是个谜/困惑困惑 be/feel puzzled about 对对感到困惑感到困惑 puzzle out 苦心思索出苦心思索出(解决办法、答案等解决办法、答案等) sth. puzzles sb.某事使某人迷惑某事使某人迷惑/为难为难 用puzzle的正确形式填空 1. The boy his mother, so there was a _ expression on her face. Much to_ of his mother, he left home without saying a word. 2._(令我百思不解的)is why they doesnt an

12、swer it. puzzling puzzled puzzled puzzlementWhat puzzles me写作运用 翻译合并下列句子。 (1) 我被这个问题迷惑住了。 I was puzzled by the problem. (2) 我决定弄清楚它的答案。 I decided to figure out the answer to it. (用过去分词短语作状语)合并： Puzzled by the problem, I decided to figure out the answer to it. 1. in time及时；最终；迟早及时；最终；迟早 【归纳【归纳*拓展】拓展】

13、 及时；不迟及时；不迟 in no time 立刻；马上立刻；马上 at no time 决不；在任何时候都不决不；在任何时候都不 at one time 曾经；一度曾经；一度 at a time 一次；每次一次；每次 at timessometimes 有时有时重点词组 in time for sth./ to do sth. ahead of time 提前；提早提前；提早 race against time 争分夺秒争分夺秒 time and time again 一次又一次；重复地一次又一次；重复地 kill time 消磨时间消磨时间 keep time (钟、表钟、表)走得准走得准

14、 keep bad time(钟、表钟、表)走得不准走得不准 have a good/nice/hard time (in) doing sth. 做某事很开心做某事很开心/艰难艰难 Its (high/about) time that sb. did/should do sth. 是做某事的时候了是做某事的时候了2. prevent/stop/keep.from 阻止/防止做/发生 自我检测 根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。 (1) The government is taking measures to _ _ (阻止气候变得越来越糟糕).prevent/stop/keep the clim

15、ate from gettingworse写作运用 翻译合并下列句子。 (1) 依我看，政府理应采取有效措施防止雾霾(haze)变得越来越糟糕。 As far as I am concerned, the government is supposed to take effective measures to prevent the haze from getting worse. (2) 雾霾大大地影响了人们的日常生活。 The haze has greatly affected peoples daily life.(用非限定性定语从句)合并： As far as I am concern

16、ed, the government is supposed to take effective measures to prevent the haze, which has greatly affected peoples daily life, from getting worse.3. now that 由于；既然 自我检测 用适当的关联词填空。 (1) _ you are willing to take a chance, then go ahead! (2) _ the problem has been identified, appropriate measures should

17、 be taken.Since/Now that Since/Now that (3) It is _ he lacked enough confidence that he suffered from failure.because (4) _ he went away, I suddenly felt not sure of myself on this matter. (5) He must be a good student, _ he is always careful with his lessons.Asfor归纳总结归纳总结提示：提示：since与与now that(既然既然)

18、引导的原因引导的原因状语从句一般置于主句之前；状语从句一般置于主句之前；because(因因为为)引导的原因状语从句通常放在主句之引导的原因状语从句通常放在主句之后；后；as(由于由于)引导的原因状语从句一般位引导的原因状语从句一般位于主句前，也可位于主句后。此外，并列于主句前，也可位于主句后。此外，并列连词连词for也可表示原因，引出原因分句只能也可表示原因，引出原因分句只能放在另一个分句之后。放在另一个分句之后。写作运用 翻译合并下列句子。 (1) 你已经掌握了太阳系的相关理论。 You have already got the hang of the relevant theory of

19、 the solar system.(2) 请向我们解释一下这个现象吧。 Please explain the phenomenon to us. (用原因状语从句)合并：Now that/Since you have already got the hang of the relevant theory of the solar system, please explain the phenomenon to us.4. break out (火灾/战争/地震等)爆发；发生 自我检测 用适当的介词或副词填空。 (1) A fire broke _ in our school, and it

20、caused much alarm. (2) A thief broke _ our house and stole all our money. (3) It was the trouble of money that broke _ their marriage. (4) Those soldiers sought to break _ the lines of the enemy.out intoupthrough break into 破门而入 break up 打碎；结束；解散 break away from 脱离 break down 发生故障；抛锚 break through 突

21、破；突围归纳总结归纳总结写作运用 翻译合并下列句子。 (1) 2008年，汶川发生了一场可怕的地震。 In 2008, a terrible earthquake broke out in Wenchuan.(2) 地震给那里的人民造成了巨大的损失。 The earthquake caused great damage to the people there. (用现在分词作状语)合并： In 2008, a terrible earthquake broke out in Wenchuan, causing great damage to the people there.6. in one

22、s turn 轮到某人；接着 自我检测 用所给词的适当形式填空或完成句子。(1) Thus elephants have, _(接着), become the biggest animals on land.(2) Dont forget that _(轮到你) to take out the trash.(3) _(轮到我), I showed them the pictures.(4) Susan and her brother take turns _(do) the dishes.in their turn its your turn In my turn doing/to do It

23、s sbs turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 take turns to do sth./doing sth. 轮流/依次做某事归纳总结归纳总结写作运用 翻译合并下列句子。 (1) 他们接着提出了一个建议。 They, in their turn, put forward a proposal. (2) 教育体系应该尽快改革。 Educational system should be reformed as soon as possible. (用同位语从句)合并： They, in their turn, put forward a proposal that educatio

24、nal system should be reformed as soon as possible.1.原句：原句：It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.(L18，P26)水对于生命水对于生命的发展会起关键作用，这一点在当时并不的发展会起关键作用，这一点在当时并不明显。明显。 句型：句型：It is obvious that. 显然显然同义同义 obviously，/apparently，/ It is clear that. 运用运用 根据汉语意思完

25、成英语句子。根据汉语意思完成英语句子。(1)在我看来，显然政府在采取措施阻止这种疾病蔓延。在我看来，显然政府在采取措施阻止这种疾病蔓延。It is obvious to me that the government are taking measures to prevent the disease from spreading.(2)从他所说的话来看，显然，法律几千年前就存在了。从他所说的话来看，显然，法律几千年前就存在了。It is obvious from what he said that laws have existed for thousands of years.(3)很明显你

26、的学生昨天没有说实话。很明显你的学生昨天没有说实话。 Obviously，/It was obvious that your student didnt tell you the truth yesterday.2.原句：原句： This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop.(L25，P26.)这就产生了一系列的反这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。句型：句型：make it+adj.+for sb.to do使某人使某人做某事做某事说明：说明：

27、it是形式宾语，是形式宾语，for sb.to do是真是真正的宾语。正的宾语。提示：常用于此结构的动词还有提示：常用于此结构的动词还有think,feel,find,consider 因特网使我们有可能用很短的时间从其他国家因特网使我们有可能用很短的时间从其他国家获得更多的信息。获得更多的信息。The Internet has made it possible for us to get more information from other countries in much less time. 这本书使我学习英语容易多了。这本书使我学习英语容易多了。The book makes it

28、easy for me to learnEnglish. 这场雨使我们走远路很困难。这场雨使我们走远路很困难。The rain made it difficult for us to walk long distances.4.我发现他很难相处我发现他很难相处. I find it hard to get along with him.仿写：根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。仿写：根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。3.原句：原句：When we get closer to the moon，we shall feel its gravity pulling us，but it will not be as

29、 strong a pull as the earths.当当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。但是，月球的引力不像地球的在拉我们。但是，月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。引力那么大。(L1，P31)句型：句型：not as/so. as. 不如不如/不像不像 这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。This dictionary is_ . 他不像看上去那样老。他不像看上去那样老。_he looks. 根据调查，大部分女生不像男生一样对足球根据调查，大部分女生不像男生一样对足球感兴趣。感兴趣。According to the

30、survey，_.仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。interested in football as boys arenot as/so useful as you thinkHe isnt as old asmost girls are not as原句原句: Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved 生命在地球上是否延续数百万年生命在地球上是否延续数百万年将取决于这个问题

31、能否解决。将取决于这个问题能否解决。(B3 P26) 4. whether . depend on whether . 某某事是否发生取决于是否事是否发生取决于是否仿写仿写 根据汉语意思根据汉语意思, 完成英文句子。完成英文句子。 我们下周是否进行考试取决于我们是否我们下周是否进行考试取决于我们是否按时完成了任务。按时完成了任务。_depends on whether we will finish the task on time.例句例句: Whether we will have a picnic depends on whether it is fine tomorrow. 我们明天是否

32、我们明天是否进行野炊取决于明天是否天晴。进行野炊取决于明天是否天晴。Whether we will have an examination 4.原句：But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。 twice as .as是.的两倍 英语常见倍数的表示 句型 (1)倍数+as+adj./adv+as是.的几倍 (2)倍数+adj./adv比较级+than比

33、.(多/大)几倍 (3)倍数+the+表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+of是.的长度/高度/宽度的几倍 注意:此结构中常用的名词有:size, height,weight,length,width,depth等。仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。 (1)这把尺子是那把的三倍那么长。 This ruler is three times as long as that one.=This ruler is three times the length of that one. (2)到的学生是我们预计的五倍。 There are five times as many as students as we e

34、xpected1. 上个星期天, 我家附近的一座大楼发生了一场大火灾。2. 楼梯到处是烟雾, 这使人们很难逃生3. 一个正要生孩子的妇女被困在10楼。4. 一个太老了而不能走的生物学家在向人们求助。5. 幸好消防员及时赶到并尽最大的努力营救处于险境的人们。6. 依靠他们专业的知识, 消防员很快就阻止了火势的蔓延。7. 很明显他们没办法救出所有的人。8. 从这个故事, 我们知道我们能否杜绝火灾取决于我们是否有安全意识。1. 上个星期天上个星期天, 我家附近的一座大楼我家附近的一座大楼发发生生了一场大火灾了一场大火灾。1. Last Sunday, a big fire broke out in

35、a building near my home. 2. 楼梯到处是烟雾楼梯到处是烟雾, 这使人们很难逃生这使人们很难逃生。2. The stair was full of smoke, which made it difficult for people to escape.3. 一个正要一个正要生生孩子的妇女被困在孩子的妇女被困在10楼。楼。3. A woman who was about to give birth was trapped on the 10th floor.4. 一个太老了而不能走的生物学家在一个太老了而不能走的生物学家在向人们求助。向人们求助。4. A biologis

36、t who was too old to walk was turning to people for help.5. 幸好消防员幸好消防员及时及时赶到并尽最大的努力营赶到并尽最大的努力营救处于险境的人们。救处于险境的人们。Luckily, the firemen arrived in time and tried their best to save the people in danger.6. 依靠他们专业的知识依靠他们专业的知识, 消防员很快就消防员很快就阻阻止止了火势的蔓延。了火势的蔓延。 Depending on their professional knowledge, the

37、firemen quickly prevented the fire from spreading.7. 很明显他们没办法救出所有的人。很明显他们没办法救出所有的人。 It was obvious that they had no way to save all people.8. 从这个故事从这个故事, 我们知道我们能否杜绝火我们知道我们能否杜绝火灾取决于我们是否有安全意识。灾取决于我们是否有安全意识。From the story, we know that whether we can stop fire disasters depends on whether we have a sen

38、se of safety.合并：合并： Last Sunday, a big fire broke out in a building near my home and soon the stair was full of smoke, which made it difficult for people to escape. A woman who was about to give birth was trapped on the 10th floor and a biologist who was too old to walk was turning to people for hel

39、p. Luckily, the firemen arrived in time and tried their best to save the people in danger. Depending on their professional knowledge, the firemen quickly prevented the fire from spreading but it was obvious that they had no way to save all people. From the story, we know that whether we can stop fir

40、e disasters depends on whether we have a sense of safety. 基础写作: 写作内容： 最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场讨论.请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况。 30%的同学反对：1. 离我们及我们的日常生活太远 2. 浪费金钱，这些金钱本可以用来解决饥饿，污染等问题。 70%的同学赞成：1. 已使用卫星进行通讯传播，天气预报等；2.有望解决地球能源短缺问题. Sample Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whethe

41、r space is worth exploring. 30% of the students think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life, and the money spent on space exploration can have been used to solve problems such as starvation and pollution. 70% of the students think space is w

42、orth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it, such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. Also, space research will enable us to find new resources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.基础写作1.杨利伟出生在1965年，辽宁省。2.他在1987年加入中国空军。3.他花了五年多的时间训练和了解天文学方面的知识。4. 他

43、在2003年10月15日9时乘坐“神舟五号”飞船，绕地球14圈。5. 在16日6时23分，他平安返回地球，胜利地完成了中国首次载人太空飞行的使命。1. 杨利伟出生在1965年，辽宁省。 Yang Liwei was born in Liaoning province in 1965.2. 他在1987年加入中国空军。 He become a pilot in the Chinese Air Force in 1987.3. 他花了五年多的时间训练和了解天文学方面的知识。 He has spent five years training and learning more about astro

44、nomy.4. 他在2003年10月15日9时乘坐“神舟五号”飞船，绕地球14圈。 Yang Liwei was sent into space at 9 a.m. on October 15th, by Chinas Shenzhou V spacecraft, which circles around the earth 14 times.5. 在16日6时23分，他平安返回地球，胜利地完成了中国首次载人太空飞行的使命。 He landed safely at 6:23 a.m, making China the third country that succeed in sending

45、a person into space. Yang Liwei was born in Liaoning province in 1965. He become a pilot in the Chinese Air Force in 1987. He has spent five years training and learning more about astronomy. Yang Liwei was sent into space at 9 a.m. on October 15th, by Chinas Shenzhou V spacecraft, which circles arou

46、nd the earth 14 times. He landed safely at 6:23 a.m , making China the third country that succeed in sending a person into space.参考范文参考范文: 写作内容： 最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场讨论.请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况。 30%的同学反对：1. 离我们及我们的日常生活太远 2. 浪费金钱，这些金钱本可以用来解决饥饿，污染等问题。 70%的同学赞成：1. 已使用卫星进行通讯传播，天气预报等；2.有望解决地球能源短

47、缺问题. Sample 1 Recently, our class has held a discussion about whether space is worth exploring. 30% of the students object the idea of exploring space. They feel that its a waste of time and resources to do so and the large sum of money spent on the exploration could have been used to deal with prob

48、lems such as starvation and pollution. However, 70% of the students consider it worthwhile to explore space. As we all know, satellites have been used for communication as well as weather forecast, which make our lives more convenient. Besides, if resources are found on other planets, energy shortag

49、es on our earth can be solved. Sample 2 Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. 30% of the students think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life, and the money spent on space exploration can

50、have been used to solve problems such as starvation and pollution. 70% of the students think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it, such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. Also, space research will enable us to find new resources to solve the probl

51、em of energy shortages on the earth.美文佳句Unit 4 美文佳句美文佳句诵美文诵美文下图描述的是全球环境问题。请仔细观察这幅漫画，用英语下图描述的是全球环境问题。请仔细观察这幅漫画，用英语写一篇短文，阐明漫画中所反映的问题，并提出解决此问题的方写一篇短文，阐明漫画中所反映的问题，并提出解决此问题的方法法( (至少三点至少三点) )。Unit 4 美文佳句美文佳句注意：注意： 1 1仔细品味图中文字的韵味，可以适当发挥想象，不要做仔细品味图中文字的韵味，可以适当发挥想象，不要做简单描述；简单描述； 2 2词数词数120120左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数；

52、左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数；3 3作文作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。From the picture, we From the picture, we can see can see that_that_Unit 4 美文佳句美文佳句From the picture, we can see that pollution is From the picture, we can see that pollution is posing a threat to our earth, which comes in many ways.posing a threat to our earth, which comes in many ways. Millions of chimneys of t