实验三：生产者与消费者

1、实验三：生产者与消费者一、 实验目的1.学习和掌握操作系统中进程之间的通信；2.理解和掌握使用信号量机制来是想进程之间的同步和互斥；3.学习使用创建文件对象，并利用文件映射对象来实现数据通信。二、实验内容 一个大小为6的缓冲区，初始为空，每个缓冲区能存放一个长度若为10个字符的字符串。 2个生产者 随机等待一段时间，往缓冲区添加数据， 若缓冲区已满，等待消费者取走数据后再添加 重复12次 3个消费者 随机等待一段时间，从缓冲区读取数据 若缓冲区为空，等待生产者添加数据后再读取 重复8次说明： 显示每次添加和读取数据的时间及缓冲区的状态 生产者和消费者用进程模拟，缓冲区用共享内存来实现三、 实验

2、环境1. Windows下：Windows8 ,Visual studio 20132. Linux下：Linux Ubuntu 4，gcc四、 程序设计与实现1. Windows下：A 主要函数说明：（1） PROCESS_INFORMATIONStartClone(intnCloneID)推荐精选功能：用来创建5个相同的进程，前两个为生产者，后三两个为消费者，赋予其不同的ID值，返回进程的信息。（2） CreateSemaphore（）；功能：创建3个信号量：full，empty，mutex。来互斥的访问缓冲区，实现通信。（3） CreateFileMapping（）功能：在当前运行的进程

3、中创建文件映射对象，来模拟共享缓冲区MapViewOfFile（）功能：在此文件映射上创建视图映射到当前应用程序的地址空间B 程序流程图开始推荐精选初始化:创建的子进程个数为0nClone=0;创建5个相同的子进程nClone+2<nClone<60<nClone<3申请缓冲区P(full)P(mutex)申请缓冲区P(empty)P(mutex)nClone=?0从缓冲区取产品：将1置为0创建3个信号量：full ,empty,mutex把产品放入缓冲区：将0置为1释放缓冲区：V(mutex)V(empty)释放缓冲区：V(mutex)V(full)创建共享内存NN随

4、机等待随机等待等待子进程执行完毕12次取完了？12次放完了？YY结束每个子进程结束实验代码如下：Windows：/ 实验三.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。推荐精选/#include "stdafx.h"#include <stdio.h> #include <windows.h> #include <time.h> static HANDLE hMutexMapping=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE; int num=0; HANDLE lpHandle10; struct buf int num; int read

5、; int write; int buffer5; ; BOOL StartClone() int i; BOOL bCreateOK; PROCESS_INFORMATION pi; TCHAR szFilenameMAX_PATH; 推荐精选 GetModuleFileName(NULL,szFilename,MAX_PATH); TCHAR szCmdLineMAX_PATH; for ( i = 0; i < 3; i+) sprintf(szCmdLine,""%s" consumer %d",szFilename,i); STARTUP

6、INFO si; ZeroMemory(reinterpret_cast<void *>(&si),sizeof(si); si.cb=sizeof(si); bCreateOK=CreateProcess( szFilename, szCmdLine, NULL, NULL, FALSE, CREATE_DEFAULT_ERROR_MODE, NULL, NULL, &si, &pi); if (!bCreateOK) 推荐精选 return false; lpHandlenum=pi.hProcess; num+; for ( i = 0; i <

7、 2; i+) sprintf(szCmdLine,""%s" productor %d",szFilename,i); STARTUPINFO si; ZeroMemory(reinterpret_cast<void *>(&si),sizeof(si); si.cb=sizeof(si); bCreateOK=CreateProcess( szFilename, szCmdLine, NULL, NULL, FALSE, CREATE_DEFAULT_ERROR_MODE, NULL, NULL, &si, 推荐精选 &a

8、mp;pi); if (!bCreateOK) return false; lpHandlenum=pi.hProcess; num+; return true; void Parent() printf("Creating the child process and waited child process to quit.n"); hMutexMapping=CreateMutex(NULL,true,"mutex"); HANDLE hMapping=CreateFileMapping( NULL, NULL, PAGE_READWRITE, 0,

9、 sizeof(LONG), "map"); 推荐精选 if (hMapping!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) LPVOID pData=MapViewOfFile( hMapping, FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, 0, 0, 0); if (pData!=NULL) ZeroMemory(pData,sizeof(LONG); struct buf *pnData=reinterpret_cast<struct buf *>(pData); pnData->read=0; pnData->write=0; pnData

10、->num=0; memset(pnData->buffer,0,sizeof(pnData->buffer); UnmapViewOfFile(pData); CreateSemaphore(NULL,3,3,"EMPTY"); CreateSemaphore(NULL,0,3,"FULL"); 推荐精选 BOOL bCreateOK=StartClone(); if (!bCreateOK) /printf("Create child process failed.n"); else /printf("

11、Create child process success.n"); ReleaseMutex(hMutexMapping); void Productor(int n) int j; printf("Productor is running.n"); hMutexMapping=OpenMutex(MUTEX_ALL_ACCESS,true,"mutex"); HANDLE hMapping=OpenFileMapping( FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, NULL, "map"); if (hMapping=IN

12、VALID_HANDLE_VALUE) 推荐精选 printf("errorn"); HANDLE semEmpty = OpenSemaphore(SEMAPHORE_ALL_ACCESS,FALSE,"EMPTY"); HANDLE semFull = OpenSemaphore(SEMAPHORE_ALL_ACCESS,FALSE,"FULL"); for (int i = 0; i < 6; i+) WaitForSingleObject(semEmpty, INFINITE); SYSTEMTIME st; GetSy

13、stemTime(&st); srand(unsigned)time(0); Sleep(rand()/6); WaitForSingleObject(hMutexMapping,INFINITE); LPVOID pFile=MapViewOfFile( hMapping, FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, 0, 0, 0); if (pFile!=NULL) 推荐精选 struct buf *pnData=reinterpret_cast<struct buf *>(pFile); pnData->bufferpnData->write=1; pnD

14、ata->write=(pnData->write+1)%3; pnData->num+; printf("%02d:%02d:%02d 生产者%d生产成功 缓冲区中剩余%d个 ",st.wHour,st.wMinute,st.wSecond,n,pnData->num); for (j = 0; j < 3; j+) printf("%d ",pnData->bufferj); printf("n"); UnmapViewOfFile(pFile); pFile=NULL; ReleaseSema

15、phore(semFull, 1, NULL); ReleaseMutex(hMutexMapping); printf("生产者%d生产完毕n",n); void Consumer(int n) 推荐精选 int j; printf("Consumer is running.n"); hMutexMapping=OpenMutex(MUTEX_ALL_ACCESS,true,"mutex"); HANDLE hMapping=OpenFileMapping( FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, NULL, "map&

16、quot;); if (hMapping=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) printf("errorn"); HANDLE semEmpty = OpenSemaphore(SEMAPHORE_ALL_ACCESS,FALSE,"EMPTY"); HANDLE semFull = OpenSemaphore(SEMAPHORE_ALL_ACCESS,FALSE,"FULL"); for (int i = 0; i < 4; i+) WaitForSingleObject(semFull, INFINITE); SYS

17、TEMTIME st; GetSystemTime(&st); srand(unsigned)time(0); Sleep(rand()/6); 推荐精选 WaitForSingleObject(hMutexMapping,INFINITE); LPVOID pFile=MapViewOfFile( hMapping, FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, 0, 0, 0); if (pFile!=NULL) struct buf *pnData=reinterpret_cast<struct buf *>(pFile); pnData->bufferpnData

18、->read=0; pnData->read=(pnData->read+1)%3; pnData->num-; printf("%02d:%02d:%02d 消费者%d消费成功 缓冲区中剩余%d个 ",st.wHour,st.wMinute,st.wSecond,n,pnData->num); for (j = 0; j < 3; j+) printf("%d ",pnData->bufferj); printf("n"); 推荐精选 UnmapViewOfFile(pFile); pFil

19、e=NULL; ReleaseSemaphore(semEmpty,1,NULL); ReleaseMutex(hMutexMapping); printf("消费者%d消费完毕n",n); int main(int argc,char *argv) if (argc>1&&strcmp(argv1,"productor")=0) Productor(atoi(argv2); else if (argc>1&&strcmp(argv1,"consumer")=0) Consumer(atoi

20、(argv2); else Parent(); WaitForMultipleObjects(num,lpHandle,true,INFINITE); 推荐精选return 0; Linux下代码：/主进程#include <unistd.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include "head.h"int main()int id = semget(SEM_ALL_KEY, 3, IPC_CREAT|0660);/创建信号量集合/初始化信号量集合semctl(id, SEM_EMPTY, SETVAL, 3);semctl(id, S

21、EM_FULL, SETVAL, 0);semctl(id, SEM_MUTEX, SETVAL, 1);int shmid = createQueue();/创建共享主存if(shmid<0)perror("create shm error.");exit(1);/生成生产者进程if(fork()=0)execl("producer", "producer1", 0);if(fork()=0)推荐精选execl("producer", "producer2", 0);/生成消费者进程if

22、(fork()=0)execl("consumer", "consumer1", 0);if(fork()=0)execl("consumer", "consumer2", 0);if(fork()=0)execl("consumer", "consumer3", 0);/等待子进程int stat,i;for(i=0;i<5;i+)wait(&stat);removeQueue(shmid);/释放共享主存return 0;/*生产者*/#include &q

23、uot;head.h"main(int argc,char * argv)struct queue *buf,*out;int sem_id = semget(SEM_ALL_KEY,3, IPC_CREAT|0660);int i,j;buf = getQueue();/打开共享主存out = buf;for(i=0;i<6;i+)推荐精选p(sem_id, SEM_EMPTY);/P(EMPTY)，EMPTY开始值为3，表明有三个空余，申请一个之后，有两个空余，当为零时，不再往里面写数据p(sem_id, SEM_MUTEX);/P(MUTEX)，MUTEX开始值为1，表明

24、一次只能运行一个进程buf->buf+;/产品数+1(buf + buf->buf) ->buf = 1;/放入产品后缓冲区置1/获取当前时间struct timeval curtime;gettimeofday(&curtime,NULL);/输出信息printf("No.%s put product %ld:%ld ",argv0,curtime.tv_sec,curtime.tv_usec);printf("Now the buffer is ");for(j=1;j<=3;j+)printf("%4d",(out+j)->buf);printf("n");v(sem_id, SEM_MUTEX);/V(MUTEX)v(sem_id, SEM_FULL);/V(FULL)，释放一个FULL，即往里面写了一个数据/随机 sleep 一会int ran=random()