大学英语能力考试模拟测试一 答案及解析1

1、上海建桥学院2015-2016学年第一学期大学英语能力考试模拟测试一答案及解析 2015年10月=Part I Writing (30 minutes) 写作方法此作文属于引言类写作，即写作要求中列出名言俗语，要求考生结合给定材料进行写作。考生在写作时要注意以下两点：要在评论名言俗语的基础上结合观点进行论证；论证既要充分，又要言简意赅。此处第一段第一句可以直接引用引语，第二句进行表层评论。第二段进行举例论证名言的重要性。第三段结合实际讲解，采取行动。具体写作方法如下：第一段，开篇可用there be句型There is a widespread humorous saying that.引出俗

2、语，接着用一个让步状语从句展开讲述，最后用play a vital role收尾。让步状语从句的特点是：把从句里的表语状语或实义动词提前，紧跟着就是as（连词，虽然，尽管，无论），然后再跟随其他成分。如：Busy as he is, he studies English very hard. 尽管他忙，他还是努力学习英语。第二段，在论证论点时需要举例，一般用for example，for instance，本文用了take Nobel, the inventor of explosive, as an example举例，可以使卷面加分。论证完常用therefore得出结论。第三段，All i

3、n all（从各方面考虑，一般来说），是总结全文的常用短语，也可以用To conclude.参考范文Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will There is a widespread humorous saying that "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it for hundreds of times." Funny as it is, the saying ironically reflects the fact that str

4、ong will is the most essential quality for anyone who wants to achieve something, and it plays a vital role in our success.People with strong wills cannot be defeated by difficulties easily and they will never give up until they succeed. Take Nobel, the inventor of explosive, as an example, before i

5、nventing explosive he took thousands of explosion experiments. We can name quite a lot of famous people like Nobel, but we can also list some people like the "smoking quitters". To them, making a plan is as easy as they don't have to keep it. Therefore, they will never realize it.All i

6、n all, success only belongs to those who can suffer years of toil and make constant efforts, just as the old popular saying goes, "Where there is a will, there is a way."Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section A Short Conversations1.W: This crazy bus schedule has got me complet

7、ely confused. I cant figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?M:Why dont you just go to the ticket window and ask?Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?B2.W:I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it?M: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed aw

8、ake long enough to see the whole thing. Q: What does the man mean?D3.W: Airport, please. Im running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if its not the most direct.M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.Q: What do we learn about the woman fro

9、m the conversation?C4.W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is very good. 服务员的推荐M: Thank you, but I dont eat shellfish. Im allergic to it.Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?A5. W: Now one more question if you dont mind, what position in the co

10、mpany appeals to you most?M: Well, Id like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.空缺Q: What do we learn about the man?B6. M: I dont think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.W: I know what you mean. But check out the cost if renting an apartment fir

11、st. I wont be surprised if you change your mind.Q: What does the woman imply?D7. M: Youre on the right track. I just think you need to narrow the topic down. 研究方向正确，但需缩小选题范围W: Yeah, youre right. I always start by choosing two boarder topics when Im doing a research paper.Q: What do we learn from the

12、 conversation?A8. W: This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesnt it? 胜过去年的M: Oh, yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside. Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time.Q:What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?BNow you'll hear the two long conversations.Conv

13、ersation OneM: When I say I live in Sweden, people always want to know about the seasons.W: The seasons?M: Yeah, you know how cold it is in winter? What is it like when the days are so short?W: So what is it like?M: Well, it is cold, very cold in winter. Sometimes it is cold as 26 degrees below cent

14、igrade. And of course when you go out, youll wrap up warm. But inside, in the houses its always very warm, much warmer than at home. Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.W: And what about the darkness?M: Well, yeah, around Christmas

15、 time theres only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring. It is sometimes a bit depressing. But you see the summers are amazing, from May to July in the North of Sweden the sun never sets. Its still light in the midnight. You can walk in the mountains and read a newspaper.W:

16、 Oh, yeah, the land of the midnight sun.M: Yeah, thats right, but its wonderful. You wont stay up all night. And the Swedes makes most of it often they started work earlier in summer and then leave at about 2 or 3 in the afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long summer evenings. Theyd like t

17、o work hard, but play hard, too. I think Londoners work longer hours, but Im not sure this is a good thing.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard:9.What do we learn about the man from the conversation?C10.What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in w

18、inter? C11.How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden? C12.What does the man say about the Swedish people?BConversation TwoW: What kind of training does one need to go into this type of job?M: Thats a very good question. I dont think there is any, specifically.W:

19、 For example, in your case, what is your educational background?M: Well, I did a degree in French at Nottingham. After that, I did careers work in secondary schools like the careers guidance people here is in the university. Then I went into local government because I found I was more interested in

20、the administrative side. Then progressed on to universities. So there wasnt any plan and there was no specific training. There are plenty of training courses in management techniques and committee work which you can attend now.W: But in the first place, you did a French degree.M: In my time, there w

21、asnt a degree you could do for administration. I think most of the administrators Ive come across have degrees and all sorts of things.W: Well, I know in my case, I did an English literature degree and I didnt really expect to end up doing what I am doing now.M: Quite.W: Were you local to Nottingham

22、, actually? Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University?M: No, no. I come from the north of England, from west Yorkshire. Nottingham was one of the universities I put on my list. And I like the look of it. The campus is just beautiful.W: Yes, indeed. Lets see. Were you from the industr

23、ial part of Yorkshire?M: Yes, from the woolen district.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard:13.What was the mans major at university?C14.What was the mans job in secondary schools?C15.What attracted the man to Nottingham University?DSection B Passage One While Gail Ob

24、camp, an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed. Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their

25、 own art form or they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her? Obcamp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. Japanese listeners sometimes closed their eyes to enhance concentration. Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Some d

26、ay you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of minority group in North America. Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the deaf culture of North America, many lis

27、teners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding

28、 direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard:16. What did Obcamps speech focus on?C17. Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while li

29、stening to a speech? B18. What does the speaker try to explain?APassage TwoChris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his division at Taxalong Company. He is soon going to have an evaluation interview with his supervisor and the personnel director to discuss the work he has done i

30、n the past year. Salary, promotion and plans for the coming year will also be discussed at the meeting. Chris has made several changes for his Division in the past year. First, he bought new equipment for one of the departments. He has been particularly happy about the new equipment because many of

31、the employees have told him how much it has helped them. Along with improving the equipment, Chris began a program to train employees to use equipment better and do simple maintenance themselves. The training saved time for the employees and money for the company. Unfortunately, one serious problem

32、developed during the year. Two employees the Chris hired were stealing, and he had to fire them. Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing and maintenance manager for the whole company will be open in a few months, and he would like to be promoted to the job. Chris knows, however, that someone els

33、e wants that new job, too. Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another Division of the company. She has also made several changes over the year. Chris knows that his boss likes Kims work, and he expects that his work will be compared with hers.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passag

34、e you have just heard:19. What is Chriss main responsibility at Taxlong Company?B20. What problem did Chris encounter in his Division?D21. What does Chris hope for in the near future?B22. What do we learn about Kim from the passage?DPassage ThreeProverbs, sometimes called sayings, are examples of fo

35、lk wisdom. They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down to the younger people to teach them about life. Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture. Values teach people how to act, what is right, and what is wrong. Because the values of each cultu

36、re are different, understanding the values of another culture helps explain how people think and act. Understanding your own culture values is important too. If you can accept that people from other cultures act according to their values, not yours, getting along with them will be much easier. Many

37、proverbs are very old. So some of the values they teach may not be as important in the culture as they once were. For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to the proverb “Haste makes waste”, because patience is not important to them. But if you know about past values, it helps you to u

38、nderstand the present and many of the older values are still strong today. Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb “Time is money” is taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before. A study of proverbs from around the world show

39、s that some values are shared by many cultures. In many cases though, the same idea is expressed differently.Questions 23-25 are based on the passage you have just heard:23. Why are proverbs so important?A24. According to the speaker what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time? B25 What d

40、o we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?ASection COur lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own company, I no longer imagine I can 26)get through a single day, much less all my life, 27)completely on my own. Even if I am on vacation in the mountains, I am eating food so

41、meone else has grown, living in a house someone else has built, wearing clothes someone else has sewn from cloth woven by others, using 28)electricity someone else is distributing to my house. Evidence of interdependence is everywhere; we are on this journey together.As I was 29)growing up, I rememb

42、er being carefully taught that independence not interdependence was everything. “Make your own way”, “Stand on your own two feet.” or my mothers favorite remark when I was face-to-face with 30)consequences of some action: “31)Now that youve made your bed, lie on it”. Total independence is a 32)domin

43、ant thing in our culture. I imagine that what my parents were trying to teach me was to 33)take responsibilities for my actions and my choices. But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines. And instead, I grew up believing that I 34)was supposed to be totally independent and consequently bec

44、ame very 35)reluctant to ask for help. I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section A答案及解析36.答案 H growth 解析根据空格前的all this可知此处需填入单数名词。all this是对上文的概括，上文提到人口增长所带来的影响，故此处应填入与上文1ncrease同义的词，growth符合文意。37.答案 A stab

45、le 解析此处需填入形容词，与sustainable共同修饰way。stable“稳定的”与sustainable“可持续的”语义相近，符合语境，故选stable.38.答案 N challenges 解析根据空格前的one of the major可推断此处需填人复数名词。上文提到能源需求不断增加，此空格所在段的段末谈及可替换能源仅满足30%的世界能源需求，由此可见，要找到足够能源是一种“挑战”，challenges符合文意。competitions多指人或机构为了某种利益而竞争，此处没有“抢夺能源”这种语境，所以排除competitions.39.答案 O certainly 解析此处需填

46、入副词，修饰空格后的动词being funded and developed。下文接着说的是可替换能源在世界能源供给中的作用将日益重要，由此可推断此处是肯定它们正得到资助和开发，才会有下文说到的作用，选certainly。此处填入备选的另一个副词exactly语义不通。40.答案 D role 解析根据a growing可知此处应填人单数名词。play a. in提示了此处选role，play a role in是固定搭配，表示“在中起作用”。41.答案 M combined 解析even when后缺少主语和谓语部分，这是一个时间状语从句的省略句，省去了与主句主语相同的alternative

47、 energy sources和助动词are，需填一个过去分词。可从included和combined 这两个词中选择。下文说“可替换能源可能仅能满足30%的世界能源需求”，前文谈到可替换能源包括生物能、太阳能等，因此，此处应当是“把所有不同可替换能源结合起来”之义，故选M。42.答案 C significant 解析此处需填人形容词，修饰investments。下文用such as举例说到$93 million，由此可知投资数额之大，significant“相当数量的”符合文意。marvelous多表示对事物的惊奇和赞美，意为“极好的；绝妙的；了不起的”，故可排除。43.答案 G inclu

48、ded 解析此处需填人过去分词，该分词跟介词in搭配，作wind energy development的后置定语。空格后内容是一项法案，应该是风能开发被包含在法案当中，included符合句意，be included in表示“被包含在内的”。44.答案 K comprise 解析此处需填入谓语动词，结合复数形式的主语alternative energy sources和句末的today，可知此处应该是动词原形。comprise和consist，前者表示include，后者接介词of表示be made up of，故选comprise。45.答案 B solutions 解析根据空格前的。Lo

49、t of可知此处需填人名词。the answer to.提示此处有“解决”之义，solutions（种种解决的方法）符合语义。Section B文章大意诚信很重要，为自己缺乏诚信的行为找任何借口都是在自欺欺人，这样会带来严重后果，我们应该养成诚信的好习惯，建设一个美好的社会。答案及解析46.答案 D段 解析首先理解这句话的意思。句意为：即使你声称不是有意的，违反规则也是不正确的。扫读文章可以从D段发现rules，unintentional，violation，再仔细读此段。后两句意思与此句吻合。理解此段第3，4句话的意思是做对此题的关键。不知道剽窃的规则，一个人就可能偶尔使用没有给出明确界定的

50、词或思想；或没有完好保存研究记录的人就可能无意地引用一些所需的资料。而事实是，这种无意的违规行为并不是不端行为的理由。47.答案 J段 解析显然专有名词the Watergate scandal是定位关键词。句意：由于水门事件，许多美国人对他们的政治领导人失去了信心。扫读文章在J段最后一句发现了此词的表述：.Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. 整体看来，水门事件已使许多美国

51、人对他们的政治领域、经济领域和社会领域的领导的诚信大打折扣。句意吻合，即选J段。48.答案 H段 解析cheater是定位关键词，结合句意：没有被立刻抓住的骗子将会付出更高的代价。扫读文章在H段首发现了相关表述：Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater.句意吻合。pay an even higher price是pay more dearly的同义置换。即可确定答案为H段。49.答案 A段 解析句意为：诚信的人不仅设定了高的道德和伦理标准，而且在日常生活中坚持做到这些。A段意思和此句吻合。此题不是简单的

52、同义短语或句子的置换，而是这句话是整段的大意。解题关键是理解题目句意和相关段落的意思。50.答案 I段 解析读H段及I段。发现I段倒数第3句骗子的话I'm not interested in what you are trying to teach; all I care about is stealing a grade. 和此句意思吻合。即可确定答案为I段。51.答案 F段 解析扫读文章发现在E和F段有句中出现的词excuses和fool。E段讲了大多数人会为他们不讲诚信找各种借口。和句意不符。F段首第1句To avoid fooling yourself，watch out fo

53、r excuses和句意吻合，即可确定F段。52.答案 D段 解析从第二个小标题risky business可以初步锁定C和D段。C段首句出现了We are each responsible for our own decisions，和To ensure we make responsible choices 同义，但此段没有主句的表述，所以不能急于选C段。再读D段，在第2句出现了与意思吻合的表述：We must learn to recognize risks，because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can

54、9;t make responsible choices.即可确定D段。53.答案 G段 解析通过risks，借助小标题evaluating risks可以锁定G段。细读此段，第2句的表述Those who take risks later regret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. focus on immolate benefits = value immediate benefits most 只关注眼前利益。54.答案 B段 解析根据句意

55、和小标题What is Integrity可以锁定A、B段。A段已出过题，和本句表述不符。再细读B段，第3，4句话有相同的表述：But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional.55.答案 J段 解析推理题。从句意和最后一个小标题Why integrity matters可以锁定J段。仔细阅读此段，在第2，3句通过举例讲到诚信的重要性。We m

56、ust rely on the honesty and good faith of others. If not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist-the list is endless.例子涉及到了生活的方方面面，即题目所说的all social activities.Section CPassage One答案及解析56.答案 C 解析由第三段第一句“上单一性别学校的男孩更有可能参与到有助于他们表达情感的文化和艺术活动中”可知，作者认为男子学校可以鼓励男孩更自由地表达自己的情感，故C项正确。其中express their emotions与原文的develop their emotional expressiveness是同义转换。57.答案 A 解析由第四段“该研究结果与大家普遍接受的看法相悖，大家一直认为男孩与女孩一起接受教育时表现得更好”可知，人们的普遍观点是，上男女同校的学校，男孩会表现的更好，这与选项A“表现相对较好”意思一致，故选A。58.答案 C 解析本题问关于英国的教育制度托尼