商务英语写作新教案

1、蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁

2、羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅

3、螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀

4、薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄

5、衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈

6、蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂

7、袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿

8、螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄

9、薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈

10、袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂

11、蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆

12、袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁

13、螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅

14、羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂

15、螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆

16、蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀

17、袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅

18、螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿

19、羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃

20、螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀

21、蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄

22、袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿

23、蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃

24、羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇

25、螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂

26、蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节蒆薅袅蒄蚁羃袅膃薄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆羀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈罿肄莂蚄羈芇蚇羃羇荿蒀衿羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆肃莆蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂芇蒅螇肁莀螀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆

27、袈肈芄薁螄膇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅莁薈袀膄蒃蒁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇芁蒀蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆节 business english writingchapter 1 business english writing: classifications and principlesl business communicationl writing principles8c principles i. business communicationl what is communication?l what is business communication?l objectives of busine

28、ss communicationl classification of business communication1. definition of communicationcommunication is the sending and receiving of information, ideas, attitudes and emotionseither verbal or nonverbal that produce a response between people.2. business communication is the communication which takes

29、 place in the business field.3. objectives of business communication 1) to be understood exactly as we intended; 2) to secure a desired response to what we communicate; 3) to build up and develop goodwill between the sender and receiver of the message.4. classification of communication 1) downward c

30、ommunication is from superiors to subordinates, from bosses to employees, from decision-makers to operating personnel. 2) upward communication is the opposite flow of downward communication. messages from the bottom move up through many stages until they reach the top. 3) horizontal communication is

31、 the exchange flows between or among organizational units on the same hierarchical level. internal horizontal communication external horizontal communicationii. writing principles8c principlesl completenessl concretenessl concisenessl clarityl correctnessl considerationl courtesyl creditability1. co

32、mpleteness a complete letter should include whatever details are needed to produce the response you want. to achieve the completeness, you should consider the following suggestions: 1) try to list all essential points in your letter; 2) volunteer something extra which, you think, may be of some use

33、to your reader now or in the future; 3) offer alternatives you are able to give. maybe you will get a new transaction. 4) check for the five ws (who, what, where, when and why) and the h (how).2. concreteness1) use specific rather than general language to give specific information. compare: this cop

34、ier saves you both money and time. bh200 copier makes 60 copies a minute at a cost of one fen a copy.but sometimes generalizing is necessary or preferable for being diplomatic. compare: our firm sells clothes for women weighing over 200 pounds. our firm sells fashions for women with generous figures

35、.2) use concrete rather than abstract words when possible. compare: i am interested in your vehicle. i am interested in your brown 1997 ford sedan.3. concisenessconciseness is saying what you want to say in the fewest words possible without sacrificing the other c qualities.1) avoid wordy expression

36、s and statements e.g. “i wish to take this opportunity to thank you for your sincere cooperation.” “thank you for your sincere cooperation.”2) avoid triteness.3) eliminate redundancy (repetition of language elements) mr. li will be here at 8 a.m. in the morning.4) leave out irrelevant material compa

37、re: if you had not informed us of damage so promptly, we should/would be unable to do anything for you. however, in your case, we are glad to tell you because you were so prompt in informing us of the damage, we are glad to tell you4. clarity1) write on the level of the readers understanding.2) avoi

38、d ambiguity an ambiguous word is one that has more than one meaning in the same context.compare: the l/c must reach us for arranging shipment not later than 8 october. the l/c must reach us not later than 8 october for arranging shipment3) avoid needless jargon (special language in one field of busi

39、ness)if possible, try to include examples, illustrations or other visual aids for clarity, such as pictures, diagrams, simple tables, samples and printed materials.5. correctness correctness means a message must be united (grammatically and mechanically correct) and coherent (logically organized).to

40、 achieve this aim, the writer should:1) use the right level of language (formal, informal, substandard).2) include accurate facts, figures and words.3) maintain acceptable writing mechanics or structure.6. considerationconsideration means to think of the reader first and write from the “you-attitude

41、”. “you-attitude” is a style of writing that looks at things from the readers point of view, emphasizing what the reader wants to know, respecting the readers intelligence and protecting the readers ego (self-esteem). 1) to emphasize the “you” and “your” and deemphasize the “i” and ”my” in positive

42、situations and to avoid the word “you” in negative situations and use passive words/verbs and impersonal expressions to avoid assigning blame.compare:we provide health insurance to all employees.you receive health insurance as a full-time p&g employee.compare:you made no allowance for inflation

43、in your estimate.no allowance for inflation has been made in this estimate.this estimate makes no allowance for inflation.2) to emphasize the readers interests rather than your own concerns.compare:the large scale of sales of our products will make our company more profitable.you will find that our

44、product will sell rapidly and afford you a profit margin.3) to emphasize what you can do, not what you cannot do .compare:we wont be able to send you the brochure this month.we will send you the brochure next month.try to use positive words to replace negative words.improve:we hope you wont be dissa

45、tisfied with the new range of our electric products.4) to express your sincere desire to be of help.7. courtesy a courteous message, like a courteous person, is polite, considerate and emphathic. courtesy is a major contributor to goodwill. by courtesy we mean treating people with respect and friend

46、ly human concern. it can be a key factor influencing our success in the business world.1) be polite.2) be equal to each othercompare: how can anyone question our ability to repay the loan when we are such a large, reputable firm? our qualification for the loan is a well established credit rating.3)

47、avoid mistrustcompare: we have received your letter in which you claimed that ten tea sets were damaged in shipment. we have noticed in your letter that a damage to ten tea sets in shipment was found.4) avoid angercompare: you obviously made a mistake by sending me the wrong goods. thank you for you

48、r prompt delivery. however, the goods reached us were not the ones we ordered.8. creditabilitycreditability means being honest and fair in all our business dealings.the observation of the 7cs will ensure the achievement of last c creditability. before doing business with others, one businessman shou

49、ld learn how to be a man.homeworkl read the text and answer the question: how do you analyze the 8cs from the pragmatic perspective?chapter 2 the structure and layout of a business letteri. structureii. layoutiii. homeworki. structure1. standard parts of business letters2. optional parts of business

50、 lettersi. structure1. standard parts of the business letter (1) letter-head 信头 it is the heading at the top of a letter and shows where the letter comes from. it usually consists of the name, address, telephone number and fax number and also the company logo, web site, e-mail address, etc. the lett

51、er-head is usually printed on the companys stationery.e.g. omnicorp international 17 bunder hill road shrewsbury ma 01545 tel 03-345 6788 fax 34567(2) date 日期 the format of date differs from country to country.e.gfriday, 10th, march 2006; 10th (or 10) march, 2006 (u.s. military, europe, latin americ

52、a); march 10th(or 10), 2006 (american business); 10, 3, 2006 or 10/3/2006 (causing confusion).(3) inside name and address 封内姓名和地址 it should duplicate the address on the envelope. it should also include the readers name, title and address and is placed at the left margin about 2 or 3 spaces below the

53、 date and above the salutation.(4) salutation 称呼 it is your friendly greeting to the reader and agrees with the inside address. *gentlemen (american) / dear sirs (british)/ ladies and gentlemen (customary salutations to a firm) *dear mr. /mrs./ miss / ms (marital status unknown)*dear +first name it

54、is addressed to an individual you know well.*dear sir & dear madam they are used in formal and impersonal situations or when you do not know the readers name.*dear director (manager, supervisor, owner, department head)neutral titles are preferred by many office managers.*dear customer it is used

55、 for messages that omit an inside address as in sales letters or announcements to more than one person.(5) body 主体 the body is the message and the most important part. it is difficult to discuss how to write in a few words because there are many purposes of letter writing. but do remember 7c princip

56、les.(6) complimentary close 礼貌结束语 it is a polite way of closing the letter. it must agree with the salutation in the degree of formality.*formal 正式 dear sir / gentlemen faithfully yours /yours faithfully ladies & gentlemen yours very truly (very truly yours, your truly)no longer popular*semi-for

57、mal 半正式 sincerely yours or yours sincerely (very popular between businessmen who have already established a business contact with each other) cordially yours or very cordially yours (used when you may or may not know the reader well, but wish him to feel the relationship is friendly).*informal 非正式 dear david sincerely, cordially, best regards, take care, thanks(7) signature 签名 every business letter must be sign