1直接引语改间接引语-高中语法ppt课件

1、1Unit 1 Direct & Indirect Speech statements and questions21. “Whose book is it?” he asked.He asked whose book it was. “Whose book are you reading?” Jim asked her.Jim asked her whose book she was reading. 3 He asked, “Where are you going?” He asked (us) where we were going. She asked, “Who is in

2、charge here?” She asked (me) who was in charge there. He asked, “Which firm makes theseparts?” He asked (me) which firm makes/ made those parts.4 He said,“Where have you been?” He asked me where I had been. He asked,“How are you gettingalong?” He asked us how we were getting along.5“Have you been to

3、 the USA?” Jim asked Tom. Jim asked Tom whether / if he had been to the USA. He asked me, “Do you play chess?” He asked me if / whether I played chess. She asked, “Did you go home?” She asked me if I had gone home.6“Is this room yours or his?”He asked me whether this room was mine or his. 引述一般疑问句或附加

4、疑问句时引述一般疑问句或附加疑问句时, 通常用通常用whether或或if引导引导, 而引述选择疑问句而引述选择疑问句时时, 通常只用通常只用whether引导。引导。7He said heplays footballis playinghas playedplayedwill playhad playedplayed footballwas playinghad playedhad playedwould playhad played8直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语指示代词指示代词thisthese 时时 间间 状状 语语NowTodayTonightThis weekYesterdayL

5、ast weekThree days agoTomorrowNext weekthatthoseThenThat dayThat nightThat weekThe day beforeThe week beforeThree days beforeThe next dayThe next week9解题步骤解题步骤: :1.1.陈述句陈述句: :“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friendsthat I dont likecomputers.saiddidntsheSarah said

6、to her friends that she didnt like computers.102. 一般疑问句一般疑问句:Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?( They asked him )They asked himifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condit

7、ion of the soil.11Tod said (that) there wasnt any trouble and that he was waiting for his change. 注意注意: 当两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时当两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时,仅能省略第一个仅能省略第一个that, 其余的不能省其余的不能省略略.Tod said, “ There isnt any trouble andIm waiting for my change (零钱零钱)”123.3.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：When do you harvest the wheat ?( They as

8、ked him )They asked himWhenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.heharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.harvested13直接引语直接引语 (变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)陈述句陈述句Jane said, “Im very fond of traveling.”that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句Jane said that she was very fond of traveling.14直接引语直接引语 (变化前变化前)间接引语

9、间接引语(变化后变化后)一般疑问句一般疑问句“Is this your umbrella, Mary?” asked John.whether / if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句John asked Mary if that was her umbrella.15直接引语直接引语 (变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句“Mary, when will you return me the book?” asked John.wh-词引导的宾语从句词引导的宾语从句John asked Mary when she would return him the book.

10、16直接引语直接引语 (变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)祈使句祈使句The officer said to him, “Dont leave your post.”不定式不定式The officer ordered him not to leave his post.17直接引语直接引语 (变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)Lets开头的祈使句开头的祈使句 I said to him, “Lets start at once.”that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句I suggested to him that we (should) start at once.18

11、直接引语直接引语 (变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)感叹句感叹句He said: “How happy I am!”that / what / how引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句He said that he was very happy.He said how happy he was.19由直接引语转变为间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语, 有时会引时态的变化有时会引时态的变化, 注意以下几个方面。注意以下几个方面。直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句动词为一般现在时或现在完成时主句动词为一般现在时或现在完成时She often says, “A

12、ll men and women are equal under the law.”从句动词时态不变从句动词时态不变She often says that all men and women are equal under the law.20直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句动词主句动词为一为一般过去时般过去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句动词从句动词时态相应时态相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:一般现在时一般现在时“I know it,” he said.一般过去时一般过去时He said that he knew it. 21直接引语直接引语(变化前变化

13、前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句动词主句动词为一为一般过去时般过去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句动词从句动词时态相应时态相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:现在进行时现在进行时“Im making coffee for you all,” she said.过去进行时过去进行时She said she was making coffee for us all. 22直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句动词主句动词为一为一般过去时般过去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句动词从句动词时态相应时态相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:现在完成时现在完成时“I hav

14、e seen her before,” said he. 过去完成时过去完成时He said he had seen her before. 23直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句动词主句动词为一为一般过去时般过去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句动词从句动词时态相应时态相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:现在完成进行时现在完成进行时He said, “I have been doing it for hours.”过去完成进行时过去完成进行时He said he had been doing it for hours. 24直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引

15、语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句动词主句动词为一为一般过去时般过去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句动词从句动词时态相应时态相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:一般过去时一般过去时“I saw her last Monday,” he said.过去完成时过去完成时He said he had seen her the previous Monday. 25直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句动词主句动词为一为一般过去时般过去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句动词从句动词时态相应时态相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:过去进行时过去进行时“I was waiting fo

16、r Jim,” she said. 过去完成进行时过去完成进行时She said she had been waiting for Jim.26直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句动主句动词为一词为一般过去般过去时时引导动词为引导动词为:从句动词从句动词时态相应时态相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:过去完成时过去完成时“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?” Jack asked.过去完成时过去完成时Jack asked if I knew Rick had bee

17、n ill in bed for many days till he died. 27直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句动词主句动词为一为一般过去时般过去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句动词从句动词时态相应时态相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:一般将来时一般将来时He said: “We shall start tomorrow.”过去将来时过去将来时He said they would start the next day.28由直接引语转变为间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变下列情况时态不变:1. 不变的真理不变的真理 The teache

18、r said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.” The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.292. 经常的习惯：经常的习惯： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.303. 历史事件：历史事件

19、： The teacher said, “World War ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.314. 部分情态动词部分情态动词,如如must, ought to, used to, had better等：等： She said to me: “You must hurry up.” She said that I must hurry up.32由直接引语转变为间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列代词、形容词、副词、动词等可能要变化。下列代词、形容词、副词、动词等可能要变化。直接引语直接引语间接引

20、语间接引语thisthesenowagotodaytomorrowthat/thisthose/thesethenbeforethat day/today/yesterday(the) next day33直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语the day after tomorrowyesterdaylast nightthe day before yesterdaygobringherein two days timethe day beforethe night beforetwo days beforecome/gobring/takethere/here34Practice A）根据句型

21、及句意将下列直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词。）根据句型及句意将下列直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词。1. Alice said, “Ive just got a letter from my father.” Alice said that _ _ just got a letter from _ father. sheherhad352. Jane asked Dick, “Have you finished writing the report?” Jane asked Dick _ _ _ writing the report. whetherhefinishedhad363. “Dont

22、 grow plants in the same place year after year,”the farmer said. The farmer _ me _ _ plants in the same place year after year. toldnot to grow374. Mr. Smith said to the girl, “I will come here to see you next Sunday.” Mr. Smith _ the girl that_ _ _ there to see_ _ Sunday. toldHe would goherthe next3

23、8B）根据句型及句意将下列间接引语变为直接引语，每空一词。）根据句型及句意将下列间接引语变为直接引语，每空一词。 1. He told me that a friend in need is a friend indeed. He _ _ me, “A friend in need_ a friend indeed.” saidis to392. She asked the students to tidy the lab. “ _ the lab,” she _ to the students. 3. He said that he liked the film very much. He

24、said, “ _ _ the film very much.” Tidy said Ilike404. She said that she had received a letter two days before. She said ,“ _ _ a letter _ _ _ .”5. He asked me whether I liked black tea or green tea. He asked me, “ _ _ _ black tea or green tea?” Itwo days agodo you like received411. Jack said to me, “

25、You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat dayExercises422. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were

26、walkingthen D. they walkingnow 433. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week444. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ t

27、ake it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day 455. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat466. Jane said, “Wh

28、at did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago477. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. wo

29、uld hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time 488. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your499. Black asked me, “ Why havent you left here yet?” Black asked me why _

30、 yet. A. I hadnt left there B. I havent left here C. hadnt I left there D. havent I left here 5010. The teacher asked her, “|Does the sun rise in the east ?” The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east. A. ifrise B. ifrises C. whetherrose D. whether did rise511 The reporter said that the UFO _ eas

31、t to west when he saw it （NMET 2000） Awas travelling Btravelled Chad been traveling Dwas to travel 522 I wonder why Jenny _ us recentlyWe should have heard from her by now.（NMET 2002） Ahasnt written Bdoesnt write Cwont write Dhadnt written 533 Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to u

32、se it for. (2007 江苏卷江苏卷) A. what B. why C. how D. whether54Unit2 祈使句 直接引语改间接引语55Learning useful structure IV (10 m )Rules and practice of direct and indirect speech 当直接引语为祈使句时，转换为间接引语要用一个带当直接引语为祈使句时，转换为间接引语要用一个带动词不定式的简单句表示：动词不定式的简单句表示：56 祈使句祈使句 v直引：主语直引：主语+动词动词+“祈使句祈使句” v间引：主语间引：主语+动词动词+to Verbveg T

33、he teacher said to me, “Come in .”vThe teacher told me to go in 。vJohn said to me , “Please shut the window。”vJohn asked me to shut the window。vThe teacher said to me, “ Dont be late again.”v- The teacher advised me not to be late again. 57特别提醒特别提醒 1.祈使句变为间接引语，主要使用动词不定式。祈使句变为间接引语，主要使用动词不定式。 2.谓语动词要做

34、一定变化。谓语动词要做一定变化。v表示命令，用表示命令，用tell，order，command等。等。v表示请求，用表示请求，用ask，beg，request等。等。v表示忠告，用表示忠告，用 advise。 58Open the window.Direct speechDirect speechIndirect speechIndirect speechMiss Hu told * to open the window.Will you please open the window?Miss Hu asked * to open the window.toldtoaskedtoDont op

35、en the window.Miss Hu told * not to open the window.not59“Write a letter to your parents.”“Dont play games in the classroom.”“Can you pass on the book to Tom?”“Will you please not smoke here?”The teacher told me to write a letter .The teacher ordered me not to play games .The teacher asked me to pas

36、s on The teacher asked me not to smoke there.Try to do this:Try to do this:60“It is a fine day. Lets go to the country for a picnic.” Peter said to me.Peter said that it was a fine day and asked me to go to the country for a picnic with him.Peter told me that it was a fine day and let us go to the c

37、ountry for a picnic.61 感叹句感叹句 直引：主语直引：主语+动词动词+“感叹句感叹句” 间引：主语间引：主语+动词动词+陈述句陈述句ve.g. He said, “ what a fine day it is !” vHe said , “ How fine the day is !”v He said what a fine day it was . He said how fine the day was . He exclaimed that it was a fine day.62 特别提醒特别提醒v1. 间接感叹句的动词应该是间接感叹句的动词应该是cry 或或e

38、xclaim 。v2.可以仍用可以仍用what，how 等词，语序不变，也可以用等词，语序不变，也可以用that 从句，把动词从句，把动词say 改为改为cry，shout，exclaim 等。等。 631.He said to Tom, “Dont do the work any more.”He told Tom not to do the work any more.PracticePractice2.Mrs. Green said, “Please sing us a song, Miss White.”3. “Be quiet, children.” said Mrs. Wilson.Mrs. Green asked Miss White to sing them a song.Mrs. Wilson told the children to be quiet. 4. All the people cried, “What magnificent clothes these are!”All the people cried what magnificent clothes these were.64高考链接：高考链接：We wont give up _ we should