日期和时间课程设计报告

1、日期和时间课程设计报告1. 功能1.1课程设计题目功能：定义了日期类、时间类和日期时间综合类，重载了+、-、+、-、=、>=、<=、=、！=等运算符，可以设置时间、日期，比较时间和日期的大小，可以进行时间、日期对象的运算（加减），并按多种格式输出结果。1.2思想和方法：通过重载运算符使运算符实现对对象的加减运算，并在结果输出时自动载入闰年判断程序，实现结果的智能化输出；将菜单输出和结果输出隔开，防止混淆；日期类中将星期五单独定义，实现对错误的处理；通过拷贝函数的运用，实现“+”、“-”的重载。1.3增加的新功能：增加了对运算起始日期时间的修改和各操作菜单的退出功能。2. 详细设计2

2、.1 c_time类：重载了+、-、+、-、=、！=、<、>、<=、>=运算符；将时间是否超过或少于当天设置为静态静态成员函数，设置了两个输出函数；“-”中，优化了结构，以四行将原程序代替，将少于一天的情况在后面列出；“+”中，将数值超过范围的情况的处理在后面列出。2.2 c_date类：重载了+、-、+、-、=、！=、<、>、<=、>=运算符；设置了两个输出函数；简化了“+”运算符，同时修正了错误；“+”“-”中，将数值超过范围的情况的处理在后面列出；在第一个函数中，对当前时间日期进行了赋值，是起始日期时间的设定函数。2.3 tdmanage类

3、：重载了+、-、+、-、=、！=、<、>、<=、>=运算符；设置为c_time和c_date的派生类，可以实现对时间和日期的混合加减比较。2.4 tdglobal类：为输入输出的专门的类，重载了<<，>>运算符。2.5 error类：为专门处理错误的类，包括对原日期时间少于1900的处理，以及在“+”、“-”中结果少于1900的处理，以及输出时日期时间少于1900的处理。2.6 main类：以swith型进行菜单的输出，主要是对所有程序的综合处理，对菜单项的编辑，是最后的运行程序。3. 调试过程3.1出现了编译时无问题，而调试时提示没有相关函数的

4、问题，编译结束后载入相关文件解决了问题。3.2无法有效退出，将函数改为swith型解决问题。3.3出现了输出结果与预期不符的状况，更改了输出变量名解决问题。3.4最开始时没有设置对“+”的错误类进行设置，由于不太可能遇到相关情况，没有注意，后来看课本才发现。4. 输入输出开始界面时间格式的更改与否主操作菜单时间类操作，以“+”为例其后继续为主操作菜单日期类操作，以“-”为例综合类操作，以比较为例5. 总结本程序大量运用了运算符的重载，并且用到了多文件的处理，对以后处理或创建大程序很有帮助。而且运算符重载实际上是有很多技巧的，最一般的“+”“-”重载，需要考虑输入的数据的类型及对输出结果的要求。

5、另外错误处理也是个难关，即“error”类，不仅要考虑原日期时间的处理，还要考虑对运算符错误的处理，很有可能会落下某些情况，需要不断调试以保证每种情况都考虑到了。这个程序对个人对类处理必须相当熟悉，几乎将所有可能的情况都涉及了，而且难度不算太大，对于刚接触c+没有太长时间的我们是个很好的练习课程。6. 附件源程序：/ctime_t.h begin#include <iostream.h>#include <time.h>#ifndef ctime_t_h#define ctime_t_hclass ctime_tstatic int flagmoreday;static

6、 int flaglessday;static int format;int seconds;int minutes;int hours;struct tm *currenttime;time_t time_date;public:ctime_t();ctime_t(const ctime_t &t);ctime_t(int hour,int min=0,int sec=0):seconds(sec),minutes(min),hours(hour) ;ctime_t();const ctime_t& operator = (const ctime_t& t);inli

7、ne void setsec (int sec) seconds=sec;inline void setmin (int min) minutes=min;inline void sethour (int hour) hours=hour;void print() const;void print1() const;inline int getsec () const return seconds;inline int getmin () const return minutes;inline int gethour () const return hours;int getflagmored

8、ay()return flagmoreday;int getflaglessday()return flaglessday;void resetflagmoreday()flagmoreday=0;void resetflaglessday()flaglessday=0;bool operator < (const ctime_t& t)const;bool operator <= (const ctime_t& t)const;bool operator > (const ctime_t& t)const;bool operator >= (c

9、onst ctime_t& t)const;bool operator = (const ctime_t& t)const;bool operator != (const ctime_t& t)const;const ctime_t operator + (const ctime_t& t) const;int operator - (ctime_t& t);const ctime_t operator + (int newminutes);const ctime_t operator - (int newminutes);int getformat1(

10、)return format;void operator + ();void operator - (); static void changeformat() format = (format=1)? 2 : 1 ; /format can be only 1 or 2friend ostream& operator << (ostream &out,const ctime_t &t) ; friend istream& operator >> (istream &in, ctime_t &t) ;friend clas

11、s ctdmanage;#endif/ctime_t.h end/ctime_t.cpp/implementation of ctime_t#include "ctime_t.h"int ctime_t:format=1;int ctime_t:flagmoreday=0; / default values for static data membersint ctime_t:flaglessday=0;/-ctime_t:ctime_t() /empty c'tortime_date=time(0);currenttime=localtime(&time_

12、date);seconds=currenttime->tm_sec;minutes=currenttime->tm_min;hours=currenttime->tm_hour;/-ctime_t:ctime_t(const ctime_t &t) /copy c'torseconds=t.seconds;minutes=t.minutes;hours=t.hours;/-const ctime_t& ctime_t:operator = (const ctime_t& t) /operator = functionseconds=t.seco

13、nds;minutes=t.minutes; / copy relevent fieldshours=t.hours;return *this;/-void ctime_t:print() const /print functionswitch(format)case 1:if(seconds<10 && minutes<10)cout<<"the time is: "<< hours<<":0"<<minutes<<":0"<<sec

14、onds<<"."<<endl;else if(seconds<10)cout<<"the time is: "<< hours<<":"<<minutes<<":0"<<seconds<<"."<<endl;else if(minutes<10)cout<<"the time is: "<< hours<<&

15、quot;:0"<<minutes<<":"<<seconds<<"."<<endl;elsecout<<"the time is: "<< hours<<":"<<minutes<<":"<<seconds<<"."<<endl;break;case 2:if(hours<=12)if(seconds&l

16、t;10 && minutes<10)cout<<"the time is: "<<hours<<":0"<<minutes<<":0"<<seconds<< " am."<<endl;else if(minutes<10)cout<<"the time is: "<<hours<<":0"<<minute

17、s<<":"<<seconds<< " am."<<endl;else if(seconds<10)cout<<"the time is: "<<hours<<":"<<minutes<<":0"<<seconds<< " am."<<endl;else cout<<"the time is: "

18、<<hours<<":"<<minutes<<":"<<seconds<< " am."<<endl;else if (seconds<10 && minutes<10)cout<<"the time is: "<<hours-12<<":0"<<minutes<<":0"<<seconds&l

19、t;< " pm."<<endl; else if (minutes<10)cout<<"the time is: "<<hours-12<<":0"<<minutes<<":"<<seconds<< " pm."<<endl;else if (seconds<10)cout<<"the time is: "<<hours-12

20、<<":"<<minutes<<":0"<<seconds<< " pm."<<endl;elsecout<<"the time is: "<<hours-12<<":"<<minutes<<":"<<seconds<< " pm."<<endl;break;default:cout<

21、<"the format is not ok"<<endl; /error (if format value wasn't one of the above/-void ctime_t:print1() const /print functionswitch(format)case 1:if(seconds<10 && minutes<10)cout<< hours<<":0"<<minutes<<":0"<<second

22、s<<"."<<endl;else if(seconds<10)cout<< hours<<":"<<minutes<<":0"<<seconds<<"."<<endl;else if(minutes<10)cout<< hours<<":0"<<minutes<<":"<<seconds<&

23、lt;"."<<endl;elsecout<< hours<<":"<<minutes<<":"<<seconds<<"."<<endl;break;case 2:if(hours<=12)if(seconds<10 && minutes<10)cout<<hours<<":0"<<minutes<<":0&q

24、uot;<<seconds<< " am."<<endl;else if(minutes<10)cout<<hours<<":0"<<minutes<<":"<<seconds<< " am."<<endl;else if(seconds<10)cout<<hours<<":"<<minutes<<":0&q

25、uot;<<seconds<< " am."<<endl;else cout<<hours<<":"<<minutes<<":"<<seconds<< " am."<<endl;else if (seconds<10 && minutes<10)cout<<hours-12<<":0"<<minutes<&l

26、t;":0"<<seconds<< " pm."<<endl; else if (minutes<10)cout<<hours-12<<":0"<<minutes<<":"<<seconds<< " pm."<<endl;else if (seconds<10)cout<<hours-12<<":"<<minu

27、tes<<":0"<<seconds<< " pm."<<endl;elsecout<<hours-12<<":"<<minutes<<":"<<seconds<< " pm."<<endl;break;default:cout<<"the format is not ok"<<endl; /error (if forma

28、t value wasn't one of the above/-bool ctime_t:operator < (const ctime_t& t)const /operator < functionif (hours<t.hours)return true;if(hours=t.hours)if(minutes<t.minutes)return true;if(minutes=t.minutes)return (seconds<t.seconds);return false;/-bool ctime_t:operator <= (cons

29、t ctime_t &t)const /operator <= functionif (hours<t.hours)return true;if(hours=t.hours)if(minutes<t.minutes)return true;if(minutes=t.minutes)return (seconds<=t.seconds);return false;/-bool ctime_t:operator > (const ctime_t& t)const /operator > functionif (hours>t.hours)r

30、eturn true;if(hours=t.hours)if(minutes>t.minutes)return true;if(minutes=t.minutes)return (seconds>t.seconds);return false;/-bool ctime_t:operator >= (const ctime_t& t)const /operator >= functionif (hours>t.hours)return true;if(hours=t.hours)if(minutes>t.minutes)return true;if(m

31、inutes=t.minutes)return (seconds>=t.seconds);return false;/-bool ctime_t:operator = (const ctime_t &t)const /operator = functionreturn ( (hours=t.hours) && (minutes=t.minutes) && (seconds=t.seconds) );/-bool ctime_t:operator != (const ctime_t &t)const/operator != functionr

32、eturn !( (hours=t.hours) && (minutes=t.minutes) && (seconds=t.seconds) );/-const ctime_t ctime_t:operator + (const ctime_t &t) const /operator + functionint hourtemp,minutetemp,secondtemp;/define 3 temp variables to get time datasecondtemp=seconds+t.seconds;if(secondtemp>=60)/

33、more thrn 1 minutesecondtemp-=60;minutetemp=minutes+t.minutes+1;/so add to minuteelseminutetemp=minutes+t.minutes;if(minutetemp>=60)/more then 1 hourminutetemp-=60;hourtemp=hours+t.hours+1;/add to hourelsehourtemp=hours+t.hours;if(hourtemp>=24)flagmoreday=1; /to add day to date classhourtemp-=

34、24;return (ctime_t (hourtemp,minutetemp,secondtemp) ); /return local time class /-int ctime_t:operator - (ctime_t &t)int newhour,newminute;newhour=hours-t.hours;newminute=minutes-t.minutes;return newhour*60+newminute;/*const ctime_t ctime_t:operator - (const ctime_t &t) const /operaor - func

35、tionint hourtemp,minutetemp,secondtemp;/define 3 temp variables to get time datahourtemp = hours-t.hours;if(hourtemp<0)/t class hour was bigger then this classflaglessday=1; /to cut 1 day form date classhourtemp+=24;/ add 24 hours to previous dayminutetemp=minutes-t.minutes;if(minutetemp<0)/sa

36、me for minutesminutetemp+=60;-hourtemp;secondtemp=seconds-t.seconds;if(secondtemp<0)/same for secondssecondtemp+=60;-minutetemp;return ( ctime_t ( hourtemp,minutetemp,secondtemp) );/return local class */-void ctime_t:operator + () /operator + functionif ( (seconds=59) && (minutes=59) &

37、;& (hours=23) ) / end of a dayflagmoreday=1;/to add day to day classseconds=0;minutes=0;hours=0;else if( (seconds=59) && (minutes=59) )/end of hourseconds=0;minutes=0;+hours;else if( seconds=59 )/end of minuteseconds=0;+minutes;else+seconds;/-void ctime_t:operator - () /operator - functi

38、onif ( (seconds=0) && (minutes=0) && (hours=0) )/start of dayflaglessday=1;/to substruct 1 day from day classseconds=59;minutes=59;hours=23;else if( (seconds=0) && (minutes=0) )/start of hourseconds=59;minutes=59;-hours;else if( seconds=0 )/start of minuteseconds=59;-minutes;

39、else-seconds;const ctime_t ctime_t:operator + (int newminutes)int hourtemp,minutetemp,secondtemp;secondtemp=seconds;hourtemp=hours;minutetemp=minutes+newminutes;while(minutetemp>=60)minutetemp-=60;hourtemp+=1;while(hourtemp>=24)hourtemp-=24;flagmoreday+=1;return (ctime_t (hourtemp,minutetemp,s

40、econdtemp) );const ctime_t ctime_t:operator - (int newminutes)int hourtemp,minutetemp,secondtemp;secondtemp=seconds;hourtemp=hours;minutetemp=minutes-newminutes;while(minutetemp<0)minutetemp+=60;hourtemp-=1;while(hourtemp<0)hourtemp+=24;flaglessday=1;return (ctime_t (hourtemp,minutetemp,second

41、temp) );/ctime_t.cpp end/cdate_t.h begin#include <iostream.h>#include <time.h>#ifndef cdate_t_h#define cdate_t_h#define n 3class cdate_tenum days saturday,sunday,monday,tuesday,wensday,thursday,friday ;enum months none,january,february,mars,april,may,june,july,august,september,october,no

42、vember,december ;static int format;static char mon10;static char ddays10;int day;int month;int year;struct tm *currenttime;time_t time_date;public: bool error;cdate_t();cdate_t(const cdate_t &d);cdate_t(int year,int month,int day);cdate_t()const cdate_t& operator = (const cdate_t& d);inl

43、ine void setday (int day) day=day;inline void setmon (int mon) month=mon;inline void setyear (int year) year=year;void print();void print1();inline int getdayofmonth () const return day;inline int getmonth () const return month;inline int getyear () const return year;int getdayofyear(int year,int mo

44、nth,int day);int getdaysinmonth(int month,int year);int getdayofweek();bool isleapyear(int year);char* getdayofweekname();char* getnameofmonth();int retriveday(int days,int year);int retrivemonth(int days,int year);bool operator < (const cdate_t& d)const;bool operator <= (const cdate_t&

45、; d)const;bool operator > (const cdate_t& d)const;bool operator >= (const cdate_t& d)const;bool operator = (const cdate_t& d)const;bool operator != (const cdate_t& d)const;const cdate_t operator + (const cdate_t& d) ;int operator - (cdate_t& d) ;const cdate_t operator +

46、 (int days) ;const cdate_t operator - (int days) ;int getformat2()return format;void operator + ();void operator - (); static void cdate_t:changeformat() /implementation of static function must be in headerswitch(format) case 1: format=2; break;case 2: format=3; break;case 3: format=1; friend ostrea

47、m& operator << (ostream &out,const cdate_t &d) ; friend istream& operator >> (istream &in, cdate_t &d) ;void seterror() error=false;friend class ctdmanage;#endif/cdate_t.h end/cdate_t.cpp begin/implementation of cdate_t.h#include "cdate_t.h"#include &quo

48、t;error.h"#include <math.h>#define max(a, b) (a) > (b) ? (a) : (b)#define min(a, b) (a) < (b) ? (a) : (b)int cdate_t:format=1;/静态成员变量char cdate_t:mon10 = "janaury","february","mars","april","may","juny","july",&qu

49、ot;august","september","october","november","december" ;char cdate_t:ddays10 = "saturday","sunday","monday","tuesday","wensday","thursday","friday" ;/-cdate_t:cdate_t() /构造函数，赋值当前时间sete

50、rror();time_date=time(0);currenttime=localtime(&time_date); day=currenttime->tm_mday;month=currenttime->tm_mon+1;year=currenttime->tm_year+1900;/-cdate_t:cdate_t(int year,int month,int day):year(year),month(month),day(day) /c'torseterror();if (year<1900) /错误的数字 error1();error=tru

51、e;/-cdate_t:cdate_t(const cdate_t &d) /拷贝的构造函数seterror();day=d.day;month=d.month;year=d.year;if (year<1900)/错误的数字error1();error=true;/-const cdate_t& cdate_t:operator = (const cdate_t& d) /重载=运算符day=d.day;month=d.month;year=d.year;if (year<1900)/bad data from the other objecterror1

52、();error=true;/置错误标志elseseterror();/正确return *this;/-void cdate_t:print() /输出char strn; for(int i=0;i<n;+i)stri=monmonth-1i;/将月份的英文赋值进strstri='0'if(error)/如果日期出错，输出提示信息error2();return;switch(format) /判断以什么形式输出case 1: /欧洲格式cout<<"the date is: "<< day<<"/&qu

53、ot;<<month<<"/"<<year<<"."<<" "<<getdayofweekname()<<""<<endl;break;case 2: /美国格式cout<<"the date is: "<<month<<"/"<<day<<"/"<<year<< ".

54、"<<" "<<getdayofweekname()<<""<<endl;break;case 3: /用英文月份形式代替数字cout<<"the date is: "<<day<<"/"<<str<<"/"<<year<< "."<<" "<<getdayofweekname()<&l

55、t;""<<endl;break;default:cout<<"the format is not ok"<<endl;/-void cdate_t:print1() /输出char strn; for(int i=0;i<n;+i)stri=monmonth-1i;/将月份的英文赋值进strstri='0'if(error)/如果日期出错，输出提示信息error2();return;switch(format) /判断以什么形式输出case 1: /欧洲格式cout<<day<

56、<"/"<<month<<"/"<<year<<"."<<" "<<getdayofweekname()<<""<<endl;break;case 2: /美国格式cout<<month<<"/"<<day<<"/"<<year<< "."<<"

57、; "<<getdayofweekname()<<""<<endl;break;case 3: /用英文月份形式代替数字cout<<day<<"/"<<str<<"/"<<year<< "."<<" "<<getdayofweekname()<<""<<endl;break;default:cout<<

58、;"the format is not ok"<<endl;/-bool cdate_t:operator < (const cdate_t& d)const / 重载<运算符/ return true if this object is < then the secondif (year<d.year) return true;if(year=d.year)if(month<d.month)return true;if(month=d.month)return (day<d.day);return false;/-b

59、ool cdate_t:operator <= (const cdate_t &d)const / 重载<=运算符/ return true if this object is <= then the secondif (year<d.year)return true;if(year=d.year)if(month<d.month) return true;if(month=d.month) return (day<=d.day);return false;/-bool cdate_t:operator > (const cdate_t& d)const /重载>运算符/ return true if this object is > then the secondif (year>d.year)return true;if(year=d.year) if(month>d.month)return true;if(month=d.month)return (day>d.day);return false;/-bool cdate_t:operator >= (const cdate_t &d)const /重载>=运算符/ re