定语从句ppt课件

1、定语从句定语从句Attributive Clause1;.2ContentsvRestrictive Attributive ClausevNon-restrictive Attributive ClausevSpecial Attributive Clause vDivided Attributive Clause3Restrictive Attributive Clausev限制性定语从句一般可以作为前置定语或并列句。限制性定语从句一般可以作为前置定语或并列句。v1.前置定语前置定语v1）the people who worked for him lived in mortal fear

2、of him.v在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。v较短的限制性定语从句往往译成汉语的主谓词组，放在被修饰词的前面。较短的限制性定语从句往往译成汉语的主谓词组，放在被修饰词的前面。4Examplesv2)I want to buy a house which is inexpensive yet comfortable. v我想买一座又便宜又舒适的房子。我想买一座又便宜又舒适的房子。v3) Now it is proving itself not as a country which is threatened but as a country which is th

3、reatening others.v现在证明它自己不是一个受威胁的国家，而是一个威胁他国的国家。现在证明它自己不是一个受威胁的国家，而是一个威胁他国的国家。5v4) Even young students who plan on staying in the United States just long enough to finish two semesters of high school have difficulty finding a host family. v即使是那些只计划短期留居美国，一完成两学期高中课程就离开的年轻学生也即使是那些只计划短期留居美国，一完成两学期高中课程就

4、离开的年轻学生也很难找到一个愿意收留他们的家庭。很难找到一个愿意收留他们的家庭。6The boy who just went out is my nephew.没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。 刚出去的那个男孩是我的侄儿。 2. He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.3. Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.7vBut if the attributiv

5、e clause may cause ambiguity or logic mistake, it should be put after its antecedent, usually as an individual sentence ： ve.g. They killed four men and injured the fifth who later died of his wounds. v他们打死四人，并打伤了他们打死四人，并打伤了后来伤重死去的后来伤重死去的第五人。第五人。 v他们打死四人，打伤一人，他们打死四人，打伤一人， 伤者后来因伤势过重而死伤者后来因伤势过重而死 。8v2

6、.并列句并列句v1) it seemed to him that his heart was bound with cords which an unseen hand was tightening with every tick of the clock.v他觉得他的心让许多绳子捆住，有一只看不见的手跟着钟的滴答声一下一下地把它收紧。9v2）He managed to raise a crop of 200 tomatoes that weighed up to two pounds each.他居然种出了两百个令人惊奇的西红柿，每个重达两磅。v3）It is he who received

7、 the letter that announced the death of your uncle.是他接到那封信，说你的叔叔去世了。10非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句英语的定语从句与汉语中的定语还有一个不同的地方，那就是，英语中有些定语从句和主句关系不密切，它从语法上看是修饰定语从句的先行词的，但实际上限定作用不强，而是修饰主句的谓语或全句的，起状语作用。也就是说，有些定语从句兼有状语从句的职能，在意义上与主句有状语关系，表明原因、结果、目的、让步、假设等关系。11表示“原因”的定语从句vThe soldiers, who may have felt sorry for the boy,

8、 had him stand with his back to his father.那些士兵，可能是出于对孩子的怜悯，让他背向他的父亲站着。vHe showed no further wish for conversation with Mrs. Smith, who was now more than usually insolent and disagreeable. 他似乎不愿再和史密斯太太讲话，因为她现在异常无礼，令人厌烦。12表“结果”的定语从句vWhat are the hopes and aims and dreams that had made them the incred

9、ibly stubborn warriors?是什么样的希望，什么样的目标，什么样的理想使他们成长为顽固到难以置信的战士呢？vThey tried to stamp out the revolt, which spread all the more furiously throughout the country. 他们企图镇压反抗，结果反抗愈来愈烈，遍及全国。13表“目的”的定语从句vThe imperialist maitains enormous armies and gigantic navies which are used for oppressing and exploiting

10、 the people in distant land.帝国主义国家维持了庞大的陆海军，用以压迫和剥削远地的人民。vHe is collecting authentic material that proves his argument. 为了证明他的论点，他正在收集确凿的材料。 14表“让步”的定语从句vThe problem, which is very complicated, has been solved.这个问题虽然很复杂，但已经解决了。vHe insisted on buying another house, which he had no use for. 尽管他并没有这样的需

11、要，他坚持要再买一幢房子。15表“条件”的定语从句vThe following principles might be helpful for foreign students who wish to increase their reading skill.外国学生想要提高自己的阅读能力，下列原则可能有所帮助。vMen become desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep alive their families. 人们极其迫切地要求工作，不管什么工作，只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。16表“时间”的定语从句vEle

12、ctricity, which is passed through the thin tungsten wire inside the bulb, make the wire very hot.当电通过灯泡里的细钨丝时，钨丝就会变得很热。vA driver who is driving the bus mustnt talk with others or be absent-minded. 司机在开车时，不许和人谈话，也不能走神。 17表“转折”的定语从句vShe was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom w

13、as. 她对孩子们很有耐心，而她丈夫却很少这样。 18注意下面每对定语从句含义的区别注意下面每对定语从句含义的区别vThe teacher thanked the students, who had given her flowers. (含义：全体含义：全体学生）学生） 老师向学生们表示感谢，因为学生们向老师送了鲜花。老师向学生们表示感谢，因为学生们向老师送了鲜花。vThe teacher thanked the students who had given her flowers. (含义：部分含义：部分学生）学生） 老师向给她送鲜花的学生表示感谢。老师向给她送鲜花的学生表示感谢。19vT

14、om got into the car, which parked behind the house. 汤姆进了汽车，汤姆进了汽车， 那辆车停在房子后面。那辆车停在房子后面。（只一辆车）（只一辆车）vTom got into the car which parked behind the house. 汤姆进了停在房子后面的汽车。汤姆进了停在房子后面的汽车。（不只有一辆车）（不只有一辆车）2324252627282930313233有些定语从句与主句关系十分紧密，并且意义上突出了全句的重点重点，而主句仅起结构上的作用，其自身的意义并不突出。 There was nothing that interested him at the show.What