中考英语复习课件阅读理解

1、 The Skills of Reading ComprehensionFanchuan Secondary School Dai Gengsheng阅读理解的重要性： 在扬州市中考中阅读理解题型总分30分，占笔试总分的1/4,所谓得“阅读理解”者得高分。Points division 分值划分分值划分Which has the highest points in the English test? 2012扬州市中考阅读试题的特点四篇文章虽然选材贴近学生的日常生活，但阅读量大，题材深度，理解深度要求较高，主观性题目较多，需要学生通过分析归纳或推理判断以及整合各种相关信息能力要强，因此学生必须

2、具有较高的英语阅读能力、阅读技巧和一定的阅读速度，否则学生在限定的时间内完成对信息的收集和处理就会显得仓促。Skills of reading comprehension阅读理解常见解题技巧阅读理解常见解题技巧细节理解细节理解looking for the details猜测词义猜测词义guessing the meaning推理判断推理判断 Inferring a conclusion主旨大意主旨大意finding out the main idea一一.阅读理解题目的设置方式：阅读理解题目的设置方式： 1.He / she should have an interest in making

3、 pizza. More importantly, he/ she should have work experience in a restaurant. The ad tells us that_A.The assistant must be a man.B.The assistant must have once worked in a restaurant.C. Pucci pizza has branches all over China.1 查找事实、细节型查找事实、细节型B2. In the past, there were forests all around Lake Pon

4、kapog, so rainwater was clean. In the past, Lake Ponkapog was surrounded(环绕环绕)by_. fish B. rain A.C. birds D. forestsD2. 逻辑推理型逻辑推理型1） 根据常识判断根据常识判断 One day we invited some friends to dinner. When it was about six oclock, my wife found that we had little bread. So she asked our five-year-old daughter,

5、 Kathy, to buy some. One day, Kathys parents invited some friends to_. A.have breakfast B. have lunch C. have supper D. have a party.C一一.阅读理解题目的设置方式：阅读理解题目的设置方式： 2. 逻辑推理型逻辑推理型2) 根据计算判断根据计算判断 If everyone sets their air conditioning（空调）at 26,Beijing will save 400 million kilowatt-hours千瓦时 of electrici

6、ty in one summer. Thats one-third of all the usage of the city in the season,”said a TV advertisement. Beijing will use_ million kilowatt-hours electricity in one summer. A. 1200 B. 800 C. 400一一.阅读理解题目的设置方式：阅读理解题目的设置方式：A常用提问方式：常用提问方式： According to(根据根据) the passage, we know that_ The title (标题标题) of

7、 the passage can be_. The writer tells us_. From the story we can see/ learn / say_ The main idea of this passage is_. What is this passage about?一一.阅读理解题目的设置方式：阅读理解题目的设置方式：3. 归纳主旨句归纳主旨句4.理解词句含义型理解词句含义型 Now there are many houses around the lake. people often use chemicals in their gardens. They use

8、other chemicals inside their houses for cleaning or killing insects (昆虫昆虫). There are also many businessmen. Businessmen use chemicals in their machines or shops. “Chemical” in the story means_. A. 化学家化学家 B 污染品污染品 C 药品药品 D. 化学制品化学制品D一一.阅读理解题目的设置方式：阅读理解题目的设置方式：The ways of guessing the new words in co

9、ntext:A. 利用构词法进行猜测利用构词法进行猜测根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词。如，根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词。如，care(小心小心) careful(小心的小心的) carefully (小心地小心地); write(写写) rewrite (改写改写)。 un- ; dis-;-less : ; mis-: ;re-: ; -ern:-er ,-or, -ist : ;2. 根据根据“合成词合成词”猜测。猜测。 如如school + bag schoolbag down+stairs downstairs不/无错误再,重复,重新表方向表示人Exercises: Match the

10、meaning with the new words. rebuild modernize man-made unsafe misunderstan-ding 不安全的 误解 重建 现代化 人造的表示因果关系的表示因果关系的：because, as, since, for, so, as a result表示同义关系的表示同义关系的：and, like, just as表示反义关系的表示反义关系的： but, however, though, although, yet, instead (of)等等。(1)根据关联词猜词根据关联词猜词B.根据上下文猜测根据上下文猜测1.I could see

11、 nothing because the light was so faint 2.Tom is very rude, but his brother is quite polite.3. She is beautiful, and her daughter is as pretty as her.(昏暗的）昏暗的）(有礼貌的有礼貌的)(漂亮的漂亮的)常用的：be, be called, mean或破折号或定语从句等来表示。1.Why does jogging - running slowly become so popular.(2).根据定义、释义、举例或 复述猜词2.Pork is th

12、e meat of pigs.3.Jane is warm-hearted, she likes to help.(慢跑慢跑)(猪肉猪肉)(热心的热心的)(3).根据生活经验及普通常识猜词 China is our motherland. Kangaroo mothers have pouches to carry their babies. 3.Its really cold outside, and my hands are both numb.(祖国祖国)(育儿袋育儿袋)(冻僵了的冻僵了的,麻木的麻木的,失去知觉的失去知觉的) 1. A lot of the worlds natural

13、 resources like oil come from poor countries. A. 环境环境 B. 资源资源 C. . 汽油汽油2. The old man put on his spectacles and began to read. A. 帽子帽子 B. 雨鞋雨鞋 C. . 眼镜眼镜3. My mom was a little heavy. And I was almost as plump as my mom. A. 丰满丰满 B. 苗条苗条 C. . 强壮强壮4. Children have schoolbags with two straps to carry the

14、m. A. 口袋口袋 B. 肩带肩带 C. . 纽扣纽扣Exercises: Choose the right answer.2. Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to your health. 4. The boy had a happy family before. However, after the war, he became homeless. Exercises: Guess the meaning of the new words quickly. Wealthy means having lots of money. 5

15、. You must stop dreaming and face reality.(富裕的，有钱的）(有害的)(现实)3. My mother-in-law, my husbands mother, was a teacher.(婆婆)(无家可归的）二二.阅读理解解题方法阅读理解解题方法1.先看文章,再看试题.2.先看试题,然后带着问题再看文章.(常用方法) 三三.阅读理解解题步骤阅读理解解题步骤1.扫读:即快速阅读,通览全文.发现关键句(特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句.2.细读:集中精力研读课文,分清文章体裁,把握文章中心和主要内容,进而掌握文章细节信息(五个五个W,who,wh

16、at,when,where,why)3.查读:认真检查,尽量减少答题错误. 4、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。题，以便减少失误。 典型例题分析典型例题分析:根据短语意思，选择最佳选项根据短语意思，选择最佳选项 Mr Brown first went to lo

17、ok at the underground - fire when he was seven. Through the hole in the earth you could see the orange fire, but you had to look fast because it was so hot, said Mr Brown. In 1898, he saw the fire once more. Now, we can only see the smoke. The fire Mr Brown saw is not the underground - fire. In fact

18、, there are 260 coal（煤）（煤）fires in the world. They are harmful and dangerous. Then how to put them out? Scientists have tried to set fire to underground coal to speed up the fires. In this way, the burning of underground coal would be soon finished.1. Mr Brown first saw the underground - fire _.A. a

19、t the age of sevenB. seven years oldC. in the year of 1898D. more than 80 years ago A A分析分析 在文章的第一段的第一句里可以在文章的第一段的第一句里可以找到依据找到依据。at the age of seven 等于等于when he was seven，故正确答案为故正确答案为 A 。 2. Mr Brown said that we had to take a fast look at the fire because _.A. it was in the holeB. it was very hotC.

20、 it was orange D. it was harmfulB分析分析这一题可以在第一段里直接找到答案，这一题可以在第一段里直接找到答案，属于属于直接回答题直接回答题。正确答案为。正确答案为 B 分析分析这一题可以在第二段里直接找到答这一题可以在第二段里直接找到答案，属于案，属于直接回答题直接回答题。正确答案为。正确答案为 C3. How many coal fires are there in the world?A. Theres only one.B. Its hard to say.C. There are 260.D. The article（文章）（文章）doesnt tell

21、 us.C 4. Whats one of the best ways to put out the underground fire?A. To cover the holes with stones.B. To speed up the fires.C. To see the fires burning.D. To do some experiments.分析分析在文章的在文章的最后一段提到最后一段提到了扑灭火的最了扑灭火的最好方法，那就是使火加速燃烧。正确答案为好方法，那就是使火加速燃烧。正确答案为 BB 5. What is the best title（标题）（标题）for the

22、article?A. Watching the Underground - Fire.B. A Way to Put Out the Coal Fires.C. The Burning Earth.D. Coal and Coal Fires.B分析分析完成这道题需作一定的完成这道题需作一定的归纳归纳，因为文章中，因为文章中没有没有给出直接的回答给出直接的回答。文章从。文章从Mr Brown两次看火，然后两次看火，然后说出地下火的危害，最后提出如何灭火的方法。文说出地下火的危害，最后提出如何灭火的方法。文章的前两段是给为什么要灭火和如何灭火铺垫，如章的前两段是给为什么要灭火和如何灭火铺垫，如何

23、灭火才是文章的中心。故正确答案为何灭火才是文章的中心。故正确答案为 B。 Mr.and Mrs.Bell are very forgetful. For example, Mr.Bell sometimes goes to his office for work on Sunday morning, for he thinks it is Monday. And Mrs.Bell some- times forget to cook supper for the family. One summer they planned to fly to New York for their holid

24、ays. They got to the airport only ten minutes before the plane took off. So time was short. But suddenly Mrs. Bell said she must tell Alice,their daughter, not to forget to lock the front door when she went to school. As Alice was then at school,they couldnt tell her about it by telephone. So they h

25、urried to the post office. Mrs.Bell wrote a short note to Alice while Mr.Bell bought a stamp and an envelo- pe. Soon the note was ready. They put the stamp on the envelope in a hurry and dropped it in the letter box. But suddenly Mrs.Bell began to cry. The short note was still in her hand. She had p

26、ut the plane tickets in the envelope.( )(1). The word “forgetful ” means_. A.忘记 B.健忘的 C.难忘的( )(2).How did they plan to go to New York one summer? A.by plane B.by train C.by bus( )(3). Because Alice was then ay school , they had to _to Alice. A. phone B.write a note C.send a E-mail( )(4). What did th

27、ey drop _in the letter box? A. a note B. the tickets C. the money( )(5). The main idea of this passage is_. A. Mr.and Mrs.Bell are very forgetful. B. Mr.and Mrs.Bell planned to fly to New York. C. Mr.and Mrs.Bell are very old.1.Read the article for 2 minutes,and find the key sentence of the article.BABBA 2.A young man riding a motorcycle robbed her of her bag, in which there was her mobile phone, bank cards and 4,9