人教必修3unit1-language_points

1、Festivals around the worldLanguage points1. Festival are meant to celebrate important times of year. 节日就是庆祝一年中重要的日子。节日就是庆祝一年中重要的日子。 mean 的用法的用法 mean adj. 卑鄙的，自私的卑鄙的，自私的 means n.方式，方法，手段，工具方式，方法，手段，工具（单复数同形）（单复数同形） A car is a means of transport.meaning n. 意思，意义，含义意思，意义，含义meaningful adj. 富有意义的，意味深长的富有

2、意义的，意味深长的meaningless adj. 无意义的，无目的的无意义的，无目的的mean to do意欲做意欲做 be meant to do What do you mean to do with it?mean sb to do 打算让某人干打算让某人干Festivals are meant to celebrate important events.mean doing意味着做意味着做Missing the bus means waiting for another one hour.I didnt mean him to help me.mean sth for 打算把用作打算

3、把用作I mean the room for my bedroom.had meant to 本来打算做本来打算做I had meant to do English exercises first.-You should have thanked her before you left.-I meant _, but when I was leaving I couldnt find her anywhere.A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing soB想一想想一想Our school sports meeting will take place next week

4、.Great changeds have taken places in China during the past 20 years.2.take place发生，举行发生，举行 take ones place 就位就位take the place of =replace代替代替英语中表示英语中表示“发生发生”的词或短语均为不及物，不的词或短语均为不及物，不用于被动语态。主语为所发生的事。用于被动语态。主语为所发生的事。例如：例如：take place, happen, occur, come about, break outGreat changes _ in the rural area

5、s in the last two decades.A. are happening B. have taken placeC. took place D. have been taken place B take place 不能用于被动语态中不能用于被动语态中，句中，句中短语短语 in the last two decades 可确定句子可确定句子的时态为现在完成时。的时态为现在完成时。take place与与happentake place：发生：发生,举行；侧重安排或计划举行；侧重安排或计划而发生的事，带有而发生的事，带有“非偶然非偶然”的意思。的意思。 The Olympic Gam

6、es take place every four years. happen：常指客观事物或情况偶然、不：常指客观事物或情况偶然、不可预料地发生。（可预料地发生。（happen to 碰巧发生碰巧发生） The fire happened at midnight. I happened to meet Ann today.与与place相关短语：相关短语： in the first place （用于列举理由）首先（用于列举理由）首先 in the last place 最后最后 in place of 代替，用代替，用而不用而不用 take ones place 找某人接替某人的位置找某人接

7、替某人的位置3. celebrate vt.(1) 庆祝；祝贺庆祝；祝贺celebrate Christmas / ones birthday / a victory(2) 赞扬；称颂赞扬；称颂The names of heroes are celebrated by the poets.celebration n. 庆祝，祝贺庆祝，祝贺celebrity n.名声，名人名声，名人词语辨析：词语辨析：celebrate, congratulatecelebrate后常接日期后常接日期,事情或场合事情或场合congratulate后常接人后常接人表示为某事而祝贺某人表示为某事而祝贺某人congr

8、atulate sb. on/upon sth. eg：congratulate you on your marriage. 有时还表示私自庆幸的意思。有时还表示私自庆幸的意思。eg：I congratulated myself on my escape from being punished. 4. Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere. all kinds of 各种各样的各种各样的the same kind of 相同种类的相同种类的different kinds of 不同种类的不同种类的th

9、is/that kind of 这（那）种这（那）种a kind of 某种某种 我们卖各式各样的鞋。我们卖各式各样的鞋。 We sell all kinds of shoes. = We sell shoes of all kinds. 那类问题是很难解答的。那类问题是很难解答的。 That kind of questions is very difficult to answer.= Questions of that kind are difficult to answer.5. starve v. 1）挨饿；饿死）挨饿；饿死Millions of people starved to d

10、eath during the war. 战争中数百万人挨饿至死。战争中数百万人挨饿至死。2）starve for sth=be starved of sth =long for渴望得到渴望得到e.g.这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。 The homeless children starved for/were starved of love. 3）感觉很饿（仅用于进行时态）感觉很饿（仅用于进行时态） When will dinner be ready ? Im starving.晚饭什么时候做好？我快饿死了。晚饭什么时候做好？我快饿死了。6. honourn. 1

11、) 光荣，荣誉光荣，荣誉e.g.他们为了国家的荣誉而战。他们为了国家的荣誉而战。 They fight for the honour of the country. 2) in honour of 纪念纪念；向；向表示敬意表示敬意e.g.这个节日是为了纪念英雄而确立的。这个节日是为了纪念英雄而确立的。 A festival is set in honour of the hero. 3) an hounour 光荣的人或事情光荣的人或事情e.g.刘翔是我国的光荣人物。刘翔是我国的光荣人物。 Liu Xiang is an honour to our country.vt. 4) 尊敬尊敬,给以

12、荣誉给以荣誉e.g.孩子们应该尊敬父母。孩子们应该尊敬父母。 Children should honour their parents.7. or satisfy the ancestors , who could return either to help or to do harm.1)do harm to sb/sth. =harm sbsth. 伤害伤害e.g.在阳光下看书会伤害我们的眼睛。在阳光下看书会伤害我们的眼睛。 Reading in the sun does harm to eyes.2) satisfy vt. 满足满足,使使满意满意; satisfied a. satis

13、fying a. satisfaction n. satisfactory a. satisfactorily ad. 感到满意的感到满意的; ;令人愉快的令人愉快的满意满意;令人满意的令人满意的满意地满意地辨析辨析 satisfactory, satisfied, satisfyingsatisfactory, 指客观的事物或主观的表现达到要求而令指客观的事物或主观的表现达到要求而令人满意人满意, 主语一般用客体。主语一般用客体。satisfied指主体对事物或表现感到满意指主体对事物或表现感到满意, 主语是主体主语是主体(人人) She is satisfied with the serv

14、ice. satisfying: giving pleasure令人愉快令人愉快, 主语是不定式主语是不定式, 常用于句型常用于句型: Its satisfying to do sth. 做做.使人满意如使人满意如:Its satisfying to learn the success of his son in job-hunting.得知儿子找到工得知儿子找到工作作,令他非常高兴。令他非常高兴。be satisfied with sb/sth 对对.满意满意be satisfied to do sth 对做对做.感到满意感到满意to ones satisfaction 使某人满意的是使某人

15、满意的是.for from satisfactory 远非令人满意远非令人满意 Im satisfied with what he did. To my satisfaction, he passed the exam. Are you _ to hear the _news? Yes, Im _ with the news. That is to say, the news _me . What about you? Are you _ _ the news?satisfiedsatisfyingsatisfiedsatisfiessatisfiedwith hurt, injure, ha

16、rm, damage, wound的的 区别与用法区别与用法 1)hurt 普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害, 也可精神上也可精神上, 感情上的伤害。感情上的伤害。如如:The girl hurt herself badly in the accident. 那位女孩在那次事故中伤得很重。那位女孩在那次事故中伤得很重。 2)injure比比hurt正式正式, hurt多指伤痛多指伤痛, 而而injure则指损害健康则指损害健康, 成就成就, 容貌容貌等等,强调功能的损失。强调功能的损失。如如:He injured his hand while playing baske

17、tball. 他在打篮球时手受了伤。他在打篮球时手受了伤。 3)damage主要指对于物的损害主要指对于物的损害,强强调对于价值、用途、外观等所造成的调对于价值、用途、外观等所造成的损失损失, 这种损失或因自然灾害所致这种损失或因自然灾害所致, 或或因人为造成。如：因人为造成。如： Several cars were damaged in the accident. 好几辆汽车在事故中损坏了。好几辆汽车在事故中损坏了。 4) wound 指枪伤指枪伤, 刀伤刀伤, 刺伤等皮刺伤等皮肉之伤肉之伤, 是出血的是出血的, 严重的伤严重的伤, 特指战特指战场上受伤场上受伤, 它可以指肉体上的伤害它可以

18、指肉体上的伤害, 也也可指人们精神上的创伤。如可指人们精神上的创伤。如: The bullet wounded his left leg. 子弹打伤了他的左腿。子弹打伤了他的左腿。5) harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可可,有时可指引起不安或不便有时可指引起不安或不便,还可还可用于抽象事物用于抽象事物,尤其是指不道德的尤其是指不道德的事情。事情。如如:Dont harm your eyes by reading in dim light. 不要在昏暗的灯光下看书不要在昏暗的灯光下看书, 以免以免损害眼睛。损害眼睛。8. in memory of : 纪念纪念,作为作为的

19、纪念的纪念 = to the memory of sb The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.类似短语有：类似短语有：in honor of 为了纪念为了纪念 in favor of 有利于，支持，赞成有利于，支持，赞成in charge of 主管负责主管负责 in need of 需要需要时时in search of 寻找，搜寻寻找，搜寻9. because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. lead sb. to + n. _ le

20、ad sb to do sth. _lead to + n. _ e.g. 1) This street_. 你沿这条街走就可以到达车站。你沿这条街走就可以到达车站。2) What _it? 什么使你相信它？什么使你相信它？3)_. 条条大路通罗马（殊途同归）条条大路通罗马（殊途同归）4)_. 勤奋就能成功，而懒惰导致失败。勤奋就能成功，而懒惰导致失败。 带领某人通往带领某人通往/到到使使做做引领，通向；导致，招致引领，通向；导致，招致leads you to the stationled you to believeAll roads lead to RomeHard work leads

21、to success,while laziness leads to failure10. feast : (1) n. 盛宴盛宴,宴会宴会,节日节日,享受享受, eg. a wedding feast Spring Festival is an important feast to us. The evening was really a feast for music lovers. (2) vt.宴请宴请,款待款待 feast sb (with /on sth) : (用用.)款待款待. He feasted his friend with fish. (3) 使使(耳目耳目)享受，享受

22、， feast ones eyes on . 尽情享受，大饱眼福尽情享受，大饱眼福eg. Theyre feasting their eyes on the beautiful scenery in the countryside.vi. 尽情地吃尽情地吃. feast (on sth) eg. We feasted on the best food and drink.11.They offer food, flowers and gift. offer, provide, supply offer ：主动提供。：主动提供。offer sth to sb; offer sb sth prov

23、ide：供给（所需物，尤指生活必需品）。：供给（所需物，尤指生活必需品）。 provide sth (for sb); provide sb with sth. supply: 供应（所需要或所要求之物）。供应（所需要或所要求之物）。 supply sth to/for sb; supply sb with sth When I meet difficulty, my roommates will_me help. 他们悬赏找回丢失的珠宝。他们悬赏找回丢失的珠宝。 They_a reward for the return of the lost jewels. 政府得提供这些老人们吃穿。政府得

24、提供这些老人们吃穿。 The government need to_these old people with food and clothes. 每个月都得供应足够的电。每个月都得供应足够的电。 Electricity should be _enough every month. offerofferedprovidesupplied12. dress vt. (+sb./oneself) “给给穿衣穿衣服服”。e.g. 唤醒孩子唤醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服。给他们穿上衣服。 Wake up children and dress them. get dressed 穿衣服穿衣服 be dress

25、ed in+衣服衣服/颜色颜色 “穿着穿着” = be in+衣服衣服/颜色颜色e.g. 这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。 The girl was dressed in red. (1). _in red, she looks more beautiful. A. Dressing B. Dressed C. Wearing D. Worn (2). Little girls like _beautiful clothes. A. to dress up in B dressing up in C. to dress up in D. dressing up 13. tric

26、k : n. 诡计，恶作剧，窍门诡计，恶作剧，窍门 vt / vi 欺骗欺骗 the tricks of learning English play tricks/a trick on sb 搞恶作剧，诈骗，开玩笑搞恶作剧，诈骗，开玩笑 trick sb into (doing) sth. 诱使某人诱使某人(做做)某事某事 He tricked me into giving him money. sb out of sth 从某人处骗走某物从某人处骗走某物14. gain vt. & vi. 获得；赢得获得；赢得 (1)I have _ since I arrived. 我到这里以后，

27、结识了很多朋友。我到这里以后，结识了很多朋友。(2)He had _ and looked much better.他体重增加他体重增加，脸色好看多了。，脸色好看多了。 gained a lot of friendsgained weightn. 收获收获(1)No _， no _. 不劳无获。不劳无获。(2)_ into the pit, _ in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。吃一堑，长一智。 painsgainsA falla gain15. award n. 奖品，奖项，奖金奖品，奖项，奖金, 助学金助学金 Mary got an award and was able to fin

28、ish her study.vt. 授予授予；裁定；裁定 award sb. sth./sth. to sb. 授予某人某物授予某人某物 win/receive/get an award for 因因而获奖而获奖(1)They _ John the first prize.他们授予约翰一等奖他们授予约翰一等奖。(2)He won _ his excellent skill.他由于他出色的技能而获奖他由于他出色的技能而获奖。awardedthe award for辨析辨析: award 和和reward：award后接双宾语后接双宾语 award sb. a metal 授予某人奖章授予某人奖章

29、reward 奖赏奖赏, 给给报酬报酬, 不能接双宾语不能接双宾语;reward sb. for sth. 因因 奖赏某人；奖赏某人；reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人用某物酬劳某人He rewarded the boy for bringing back the lost dog.He rewarded the boy with five yuan.16.admire vt. 1) 钦佩，羡慕，赞美钦佩，羡慕，赞美 eg.I admire him for his courage. admire 表示此意时，常用于表示此意时，常用于admire sb/sth 或或 adm

30、ire sb for sth结构，而不能说结构，而不能说admire sb sth 2) 欣赏，观赏欣赏，观赏 eg. We stopped to admire the view. admiration n. admiring adj. 佩服的，称赞的佩服的，称赞的wear a admiring look 带着称赞的表情带着称赞的表情17. look forward to(介词介词) + n/ v-ing 盼望，期待盼望，期待 Im looking forward to his coming.look forward to 结构中的结构中的 to为介词，其为介词，其后接名词或动名词（动词后接名

31、词或动名词（动词ing形式）。形式）。类似的动词短语还有：类似的动词短语还有： be/become/get used to 习惯于习惯于 pay attention to 注意注意devote.to. 把把致力于致力于 prefer.to.宁愿宁愿也不也不18.all day and all night: =day and night = night and day整日整夜整日整夜 all day long : 整天整天 day after day :日复一日日复一日(动作的重复动作的重复) day by day: 逐日地逐日地 (动作的变化动作的变化) They think of their

32、 motherland day and night.It went on raining day after day.The little boy grew up day by day. 19.clothing n. u 总称总称 衣服衣服,服装服装， eg.The shop sells womens clothing. 【辨析辨析】clothing/clothes/cloth 1)clothing u 无复数形式，后面接单数动词，无复数形式，后面接单数动词，“一件衣服一件衣服”要说要说an article of clothing或或a piece of clothing，但不可以说，但不可以

33、说a suit of clothing eg. childrens clothing 童装童装 Were well provided with food and clothing. 我们吃得好，穿得好。我们吃得好，穿得好。 2）clothes 统指身上各种服装，是复数名词，不统指身上各种服装，是复数名词，不能直接与数词连用，但可以和能直接与数词连用，但可以和some,many,these 等词连用，后接复数动词。可以说等词连用，后接复数动词。可以说a suit of clothes 3)cloth 当当“布料布料” 讲时讲时u, “一块布一块布”要说要说a piece of cloth; cl

34、oth 有时表示有时表示“特殊用途的特殊用途的一块一块布布”c eg. a table cloth 一块桌布一块桌布I need _cloth, for Im going to make_ clothes. A. a lot of; many B. much; much C. many; many D. many; a lot of I wanted to buy some _for my little daughter,so I went to a shop selling childrens_. A. clothes;clothes B. clothes; clothing C. clot

35、hing;clothes D. clothing;clothing 21. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. 整个国度处处都是樱花盛开整个国度处处都是樱花盛开,看看上去就像罩上了一层粉红的雪。上去就像罩上了一层粉红的雪。as though和和as if没有什么区别。没有什么区别。as if用得普遍些用得普遍些, 却可引导方式状语从句和却可引导方式状语从句和表语从句表语从句, 其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。其从句谓语

36、常用虚拟语气。虚拟语气虚拟语气(从句所用的时态比前面真实句子从句所用的时态比前面真实句子所用的时态倒退一个时态所用的时态倒退一个时态.)(1) 引导方式状语从句引导方式状语从句 She acted as though nothing had happened 她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的 当从句主语和主句主语一致当从句主语和主句主语一致,从句谓语中又有从句谓语中又有动词动词to be时时, 可以把主语和可以把主语和to be一起省去。一起省去。He looked about as though (he was) in search of something 他四处张望他四处张望, 好像寻找什么。好像寻找什么。 (2) 引导表语从句引导表语从句 It looks as if its going to rain 看样子天要下雨了。看样子天要下雨了。 2.陈述语气陈述语气 (表示很可能的事实就用陈表示很可能的事实就用陈述语气述语气), 常与常与seem ,look, smell, taste 连用。连用。It looks as if/ though it is going t