名词性从句(修改版)习题

1、英语句子的类型：英语句子的类型：英语句子的类型：英语句子的类型：简单句简单句Simple sentence主语主语S+ 谓语动词谓语动词Vi主语主语S+连系动词连系动词VL+表语表语PThere be句型句型主语主语S+谓语动词谓语动词Vt+宾语宾语O+宾补宾补COC主语主语S+ 谓语动词谓语动词Vt +宾语宾语OSit down! She is waiting (at the gate).They has found the lost child.We found her crying at the corner.The man looked quite confused.There use

2、d to be a farm here.(=You sit down!)并列句并列句compound sentence分句分句+ +连词连词(and/so/but/or)+分句分句（句子间相互独立并不互为成分）（句子间相互独立并不互为成分）She came to my house yesterday evening, and I went to hers . Everything in the world is outside you but health belongs to yourself .Do it this way or youll be in trouble . Ive got

3、a meeting to attend, so I have to go now. 复合句复合句complex sentence主句主句+ +名词性从句名词性从句 形容词性从句形容词性从句(定语从句定语从句)adjective clause副词性从句副词性从句(状语从句状语从句)adverbial clause( (从属连词从属连词) )从句从句noun clauseHe was kept in a prison where few were able to escape. Those days, when we were beating other teams one after one,

4、are so exciting and impressive.I am not taking the driving test unless I am prepared.She cant read where it is noisy. Put your hands where we can see them.What can a noun be in a sentence？A teacher is a person who teaches in school.The student is teaching a teacher to use the computerThe man giving

5、a speech is a teacher.The person in a students uniform turned out a teacher.Mr Green, a teacher from England, is popular among students.We were just talking about Mr Green, a teacher of English. subject主语主语object宾语宾语predicative表语表语appositive 同位语同位语Who took away the key remains a mystery.The question

6、 is who took way the key.No one knows who took away the key.Here is my question who took away the key.Who took away the key?appositive clause同位语从句同位语从句object clause宾语从句宾语从句subject clause主语从句主语从句predicative clause表语从句表语从句 That the object travels around that star suggests (that) it is a planet of the

7、star.The strange thing is that the object travels around that star.You can conclude that the object travels around that star.Most scientists have observed the fact that the object travels around that star. The fact that the object travels around that star suggests (that) it is a planet of the star.T

8、he object travels around that star.What is a noun clause?How many kinds of noun clauses are there? 如果一个句子能够像名词一样，在另外如果一个句子能够像名词一样，在另外一个句子中充当主语、宾语、表语或同一个句子中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语成份，这个句子就是名词性从句。位语成份，这个句子就是名词性从句。主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句e.g. That most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a

9、 serious matter to the people in Britain. What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict. Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear. Whether she comes or not doesnt concern me.Subject clause注意事项注意事项: :1 1、that引导的主语从句一般都要用形式主语引导的主语从句一般都要用形式主语it开头。开头。e.g. It was strange that

10、he did not come yesterday.2 2、有些结构已成为固定的句型，应注意掌握：、有些结构已成为固定的句型，应注意掌握： It is said/reported/decided/known that It is a pity that It happened thatIt is quite clear that the crime was done on purpose.(it 作形式主语作形式主语)that the crime was done on purpose主主语语从从句句1. 1.连接代词连接代词what (什么什么, 所所的的)who(m) ( (谁谁, , 他

11、他/ /她她) )which ( (哪哪/ /那个那个) )whose (谁的谁的)2.2.连接副词连接副词when ( (什么时候什么时候, , 的时间的时间) )where ( (什么地方什么地方, , 的地点的地点) )why (为什么为什么, 的原因的原因)how ( (怎样怎样, , 如何如何, , 的方式的方式) )how long, how many, how much, how far, how soon, how often3.3.连接词连接词whether （是否）（是否）that （无词义）（无词义）在从句中作主在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语、表语、定语语、定语在从句作

12、状语，在从句作状语，表时间、地点、表时间、地点、原因、方式原因、方式在从句中不作任何成分在从句中不作任何成分e.g.The discussion topic for today is what schools will be like in the future.The mystery is whether he ever went there at all.Predicative clause1. 1.连接代词连接代词what （什么，所（什么，所的）的）who(m) （谁，他（谁，他/她）她）which （哪（哪/那个）那个）whose （谁的）（谁的）2.2.连接副词连接副词when （

13、什么时候（什么时候, 的时间）的时间）where （什么地方（什么地方, 的地点）的地点）why （为什么（为什么, 的原因）的原因）how （怎样（怎样, 如何如何, 的方式）的方式）3.3.连接词连接词whether （是否）（是否）that （无词义）（无词义）在从句中作在从句中作主语、宾语主语、宾语表语、定语表语、定语在从句中在从句中作状作状语，表时间、语，表时间、地点、原因、地点、原因、方式方式不作任何成分不作任何成分表表语语从从句句how long, how many, how much, how far, how soon, how oftenbecause 因为因为as if

14、/as though 似乎似乎1. They realise that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.2. They are careful about what they eat and exercise regularly.3. I cant imagine what made him act like that.4. It depends on how well do it.5. Eat whichever you like and leave the others for

15、whoever comes in late.Object clausehow long, how many, how much, how far, how soon, how often1. 1.连接代词连接代词what （什么，所（什么，所的）的）who(m) （谁，他（谁，他/她）她）which （哪（哪/那个）那个）whose （谁的）（谁的）2.2.连接副词连接副词when （什么时候（什么时候, 的时间）的时间）where （什么地方（什么地方, 的地点）的地点）why （为什么（为什么, 的原因）的原因）how （怎样（怎样, 如何如何, 的方式）的方式）3.3.连接词连接词whe

16、ther （是否）（是否）that （无词义）（无词义）在从句中作在从句中作主语、宾语、主语、宾语、表语、定语表语、定语在从句中作状在从句中作状语，表时间、语，表时间、地点、原因、地点、原因、方式方式不作任何成分不作任何成分宾宾语语从从句句if名词性从句名词性从句表语从句表语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句-句子的主语由一个从句充当句子的主语由一个从句充当-及物动词和介词的宾语由从句充当及物动词和介词的宾语由从句充当-在联系动词在联系动词bebe、seemseem、looklook后后 充当表语的从句充当表语的从句用在某些名词后，如用在某些名词后，如fact( (事实事

17、实),),news( (消息消息),),hope( (希望希望),),truth( (真理、事实真理、事实),),idea( (主意、想主意、想法法),),order( (命令命令),),suggestion( (建议建议), ), question( (问题问题), ), promise( (诺言诺言),),thought( (思想、思想、念头念头) )等，充当同位语等，充当同位语, ,进一步阐述这个名词的进一步阐述这个名词的内容。内容。什么是同位语什么是同位语?e.g.The idea that English stands for Fish & Chips, Speakers Corne

18、r, Big Ben and the Tower of London is past.The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.Appositive clause同位语从句一般由同位语从句一般由that 引导引导e.g.They had to face the fact that the nearest filling station is 30 miles away.My original question, why he did it at all, has not

19、been answered.e.g.Have you any idea how soon they are coming?(object)(subject)连接副词连接副词how, when, where等也可引导同位语从句等也可引导同位语从句1. 1.连接代词连接代词what （什么，所（什么，所的）的）who(m) （谁，他（谁，他/她）她）which （哪（哪/那个）那个）whose （谁的）（谁的）2.2.连接副词连接副词when （什么时候（什么时候, 的时间）的时间）where （什么地方（什么地方, 的地点）的地点）why （为什么（为什么, 的原因）的原因）how （怎样（怎样

20、, 如何如何, 的方式）的方式）3.3.连接词连接词whether （是否）（是否）that （无词义）（无词义）在从句中作在从句中作主语、宾语主语、宾语表语、定语表语、定语在从句中作在从句中作状语，表时状语，表时间、地点间、地点 、原因、方式原因、方式不作任何成分不作任何成分同同位位语语从从句句how long, how many, how much, how far, how soon, how often 注意区分同位语从句和定语从句：注意区分同位语从句和定语从句： 前者说明名词词组的内容，前者说明名词词组的内容， 后者说明名词词组的性质特征。后者说明名词词组的性质特征。 前者中的前者中

21、的thatthat在句中不充当任何成分，在句中不充当任何成分， 后者后者thatthat是从句中的一个成分。是从句中的一个成分。试比较下列句子：试比较下列句子：The news that he joined the army is inspiring.The news that he told me is inspiring.关系代词关系代词引导词引导词( (作宾语作宾语) )( (无意义无意义) )( (同位语同位语) )( (定语定语) )试用名词性从句翻译以下句子试用名词性从句翻译以下句子: :1.1.很显然你根本没有在听我讲话。很显然你根本没有在听我讲话。 its very obvio

22、us that you dont listen to me at all. 2. 宝石节即将举行，这将有助于梧州经济的发展。宝石节即将举行，这将有助于梧州经济的发展。 That the Jewel Festival is to be held will be helpful for the economy development of Wuzhou.3. 问题不是谁要走而是谁将留下。问题不是谁要走而是谁将留下。 The problem is not who will go but who will stay.4. 我们表达了希望他们再次来我校访问的愿望。我们表达了希望他们再次来我校访问的愿望。

23、 We express the hope that they will come to visit our school again. 5. 地球绕着太阳转这一事实人尽皆知。地球绕着太阳转这一事实人尽皆知。 The truth that the earth moves around the sun is known to all.6.6.你能告诉我谁来为这次火灾负责吗？你能告诉我谁来为这次火灾负责吗？ Can you tell us who is responsible for the fire?Exx.1. _Wang Feng looked after the old woman a wh

24、ole year moved us all. A. That B.What C.When D.Why2. _ gets home first is to cook the supper. A. Who B.Whom C.Those who D. Whoever3. It depends on _ he has enough money. A. if B.weather C.if or not D.whether介词后的宾语从句不可用介词后的宾语从句不可用if if4.Our hometown is quite different from _ before. A. that it was B.

25、 what it was C. which it was D. when it was5. _ surprised us very much that Tom should have left without a word. A. He B.It C.This D.That 6. The reason why he didnt come yesterday was _ he was ill. A. because B.why C.how D.that7. He was ill. That is _ he didnt come yesterday. A. when B.why C.how D.t

26、hat8. He didnt come yesterday. That is _ he was ill. A. because B.why C.how D.when9. He made a promise _ he would help me. A. what B.when C.that D.which10.The teacher had no idea _ he didnt go to see the film. A. when B.how C.why D.where11.All the students went to see _ with her. A. what the matter

27、was B. what was the matter C. what wrong was D. what was the wrong12. - _ you did? - No, in fact I didnt need to. A. Is that what B. Is what that C. Whats is that D. Is whatN N 同位语同位语(Appositive) 1）同位语的结构形式）同位语的结构形式 紧跟在与之同位的名词词组（或相当于名词紧跟在与之同位的名词词组（或相当于名词 词组的结构）后词组的结构）后, , 也可位于与之同位的名词词组之前；也可位于与之同位的名词

28、词组之前； 有时为了保持句子结构平衡或为了加强语势，有时为了保持句子结构平衡或为了加强语势， 同位语也可出现在句尾，从而造成两个同位同位语也可出现在句尾，从而造成两个同位 成分的分隔。成分的分隔。 指对与之同位的名词或名词词组提供补充说明指对与之同位的名词或名词词组提供补充说明, , 起修饰和描绘作用的结构。起修饰和描绘作用的结构。e.g.Winston Churchill, Britains prime minister during the Second World War, died in 1965.Playing football, his only interest in life,

29、 has brought him many friends.Fast learner and the most diligent student of the class, he wins the scholarship every year.Once an important army factory in Beijing, Factory 798 was designed by East German architects and built with Russian help in the early 1950s.Only one problem still remains - the

30、construction of the new stadium.Lucy was born in a small town of Wales, the daughter of a poor and ignorant miners.2）同位语的引导词）同位语的引导词 ( (同位语之前有时带有引导词以表示同位成分之间同位语之前有时带有引导词以表示同位成分之间的特殊意义。）的特殊意义。） 表等同关系的引导词表等同关系的引导词，如，如namely, that is, for short, that is to say, in other words, or etc. 表举例和列举的引导词表举例和列举的

31、引导词，如，如for example, such as，for instance, say, including etc. 表突出重点的引导词表突出重点的引导词，如，如especially, particularly, chiefly, mostly etc. 用介词用介词ofof作引导词表同位关系作引导词表同位关系, ,如如The month of May = the month, May The art of painting = the art, paintinge.g.He studies architecture, that is, the science of designing and constructing buildings.The freezing te