中考语法专题三代词

1、教学内容初中英语语法点授课教师 吴小英授课课题词法代词课型新授课（语法复习课）教学重点1.人称代词的主格和宾格2.不定代词的用法及形性和名性物主代词教学难点1.人称代词物主代词反身代词之间转换2.one和it的区别3.指示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法；教学目标：1. 熟练掌握人称代词、物主代词的形式及基本用法；2. 掌握any, some, few 等不定代词的用法；理解反身代词的基本用法教学内容概述： 常考点清单一 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词1.代词的概念：代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词

2、、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。2.代词记忆表格名称单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格Iyouhe, she, itweyouthey宾格meyouhim, her, itusyouthem物主代词形容词性myyourhis, her, itsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshis, hers, itsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimself, herself,itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves中考真题在线：( ) 1. _ is my son. Do you lik

3、e to play with _? A. You, you B. She, her C. I, me D. He, him( ) 2. -Is this _ ruler? -No. _ is over there.A. her, Her B. her, Hers C. hers, Hers D. hers, He3.人称代词的主格和宾格的区别【例句观察】1) He is so kind that we all like him. 2) She is ill in hospital and her mother is looking after her.【归纳总结】：人称代词的主格作主语，放在_

4、之前；宾格作宾语，放在_或_之后。 记忆技巧: 主语用主格，宾语用宾格，属于谁所有用所有格。【中考真题再现】( )1.My father is ill in bed. I have to look after _at home. A. he B. his C. him D.himself4. 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别【例句观察】1) This is my bag, and that is yours (= your bag).2) Their school is much bigger than ours ( our school).【归纳总结】：形容词性物主代词只能作_(定语/

5、表语)，修饰后面所接的_；而名词性物主代词相当于“_ + _”，其后_接名词。【中考真题再现】( )1.Is that _dog? No. _ is white. A. his; His B. her; His C. he; His D. her; Her( )2.What I want to say is this pronunciation is very important in_ English learning. A. we B. us C. our D. ours5.反身代词用法 I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.(作宾语）

6、The children made model planes themselves.(作同位语,表示亲自或自己） That poor boy was myself.(作表语） 反身代词的常用词组(oneself 必须与主语保持一致）teach oneself _learn by oneself_enjoy oneself_help oneself to_ come to oneself_ hurt oneself_ by oneself_say to oneself cut oneself keep sth. to oneself 常考点清单二 指示代词、疑问代词、it1 指示代词单数复数指示

7、代词用法（1）this/these 近指 eg.This is my pen. These are my books. 指下文要提到的事 eg.Please remember this:No pains,no gains.(2) that/those 远指 eg.Thats her bike. 指前面刚刚提到过的事 eg.He was ill.That was why he didnt go to school.(3) 打电话用this介绍自己,that 表示对方 eg.This is Jessie speaking. Is that Jack speaking?2 疑问代词疑问代词主要用法例

8、句who谁，问人（主格）Who wants to go with me?whom谁，问人（宾格）To whom are you talking?whose谁的，所属关系Whose book is this? what什么Whats your father?He is a doctor. which哪一个，哪一些，Which one do you like best?3. it的用法a.作形式主语、形式宾语。1) Its + adj. + (for/of sb) +to do sth. “对某人来说做某事”【例句观察】1）Its very hard for him to study two la

9、nguages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的。2）Its very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。【归纳总结】for sb.常用于表示_(人物/事物)的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等；而of sb. 常用于一般用表示_(人物/事物)的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right, humorous ,stupid等。3）主语+ find (make/ think/ feel) +

10、 it (is ) + adj. + (for sb ) + to do sth主语+ found (made / thought/ felt) + it (was) + adj. + (for sb ) + to do sthe.g.: Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line? =Do you think it is necessary to learn to wait in line?【中考真题再现】 ( ) 1. _is kind of him to give us a hand. A. That B. It C. You D

11、. He( ) 2. I feel _ necessary to have sports every day. A. you B. that C. it D. it wasb.指婴儿或不明身份、性别的人以及谈话的双方都知道的人和事。【中考真题再现】 ( ) 1、Who is standing over there? - _. A. Its me B. Its I C. I am D. I know( ) 2、Who is that man? _ must be our headmaster. A. He B. It C. That D. Itsc. 指天气、时间或距离等。e.g. 1) It

12、is sunny today. Lets go out for a walk. 2) Its eight oclock now. Its time for class. 3）Its ten kilometers from my home to school.常考点清单三 普通不定代词及复合不定代词1 初中阶段普通不定代词some 一些any 任何的one一个none一个没有many许多every 每个 each每个both两个 all都much许多another另一个either（两者）任何一个neither两个都不few很少little很少other(s)其余2普通不定代词用法 （1）som

13、e/any 相同点：some/any均表示“一些”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词 不同点：some一般用于肯定句，any用疑问句，否定句和条件句。 但在疑问句中当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议用some. There arent any students in the classroom. Look! Some boys are playing football. Would you like some tea? 注意：something,anything等词的用法基本和some，any用法一致。(2) many/much How many bottles of wat

14、er do you need? I dont have much money.归纳总结： (3) both/all/either/any/neither/none都任何都不两者botheitherneither三者（以上）allanynone注意：both.and.两者都 Both his father and his mother are teachers. neither.nor.两者都不 Neither his father nor his mother is a teacher. either.or.或.或.,要么.要么. Either he or his brother goes t

15、o London.either/neither of + 名词（代词）的复数 + 谓语动词（第三人称单数） Neither of the books is good. either.or./neither.nor.连接两个主语时，采取就近原则。Neither you nor he is wrong. (4) little/a little/few/a few代替复数名词代替不可数名词肯定a fewa little否定fewlittle -Would you please buy some salt for me?There is little left.I recognized a few o

16、f other people.3复合不定代词：(补充表格并写意思）onebodythingsomesomeoneanyeveryeverybodynonothing( )1. I have two sisters, but _of them is a teacher.(2013 山东潍坊) A. all B. neither C. both D. none【例句观察】 I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情告诉你。（肯定句）Would you like something to drink? 你想要点儿喝的吗？（请求） I cant see

17、 anything in the dark room. 在这个黑暗的房间里我什么也看不见。（否定句）Anything is possible. 一切皆有可能。（肯定句）If you have any questions, please ask me. 有问题请问我。（条件句）Everyone is here today. 今天大家都来齐了。Can you find anyone else?【归纳总结】(1) some- 类复合不定代词多用于肯定句中；any-类复合不定代词多用于_、_和_中，也可用与肯定句中，意为“任何人”或“任何事”。(2) 复合不定代词被形容词所修饰时，形容词要放在不定代词

18、的_。(3) 不定代词在句中作主语时，谓语通常用_。(4) 形容词或else放复合不定代词后面。【中考真题再现】( ) 1. If _ comes to ask for this book, you can sell it. A. someone B. anyone C. nothing D. something( ) 2. I asked her for _milk, but she didnt have _. A. any; some B. some; any C. some; some ( ) 3. What did you buy for your daughter at the su

19、permarket? -I bought _, because I couldnt find _ she likes. A. something; anything B. anything ; something C. nothing; anything D. something; nothing( )4.-Which magazine do you like better,Crazy Reading or TennsSpace? -I like _ of them.They are useful for English learners. A none B neither C all D b

20、oth( )5.I asked two people the way to the station, but_of them could help me. A both B neither C either D all4. 能力提升 易混知识点(1) other/the other/others/the others/another不定代词意义用法说明other另外的只作定语the other两者中的另一个one.the other.others泛指别的人或物some.others.the others特指其余所有的人或物剩余的全部another任何一个，另一个三者或三者以上的任何一个 I d

21、ont like this shirt.Would you like to show me _one. Looking at the students.Some are cleaning the windows,_are sweeping the floor. There are two bags.One is red,_ is blue. another“又，再”，表示三者或以上中不定的一个 例:These shoes are small. I want to buy another pair. 这些鞋子太小了。我想再买一双。Please give me another five minut

22、es. 请再给我五分钟。(2) it/one/that代替代词的区别(it同类同物，one同类不同物，that避免重复。)The book is mine.Its very interesting.-Who has a pen?-I have one.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.当堂习题检测：1.Susan, go and join your sister in cleaning the yard. Why _? John is sitting there doing nothing at

23、all.A. I B. me C. myself D. mine2.We must protect plants. They are friends of _. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 3.Oh, your shirt is the same_. A. as me B. with her C. with mine D. as hers4.At present, children mean _ to most parents in China.A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something5.Morning, cl

24、ass. Is _ here today?No, sir. Tom is absent. He is ill at home. A. anybody B. everybody C. nobody D. somebody6.The air in Dongying is much worse than that in many other cities. We must do_ to protect our environment. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything7.This work needs close teamwork.

25、_ will be achieved unless we work well together.A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything8._ may have a chance to be successful if he tries his best.A. None B. NobodyC. SomebodyD. Everybody9.Look! Sonia looks worried. There must be _ wrong with her. A. nothing B. something C. anythingD. ever

26、ything语法专练场1. Look, _ is dancing under the tree. Oh, thats my cousin, Anna. A. everybody B. anybody C. nobody D. somebody2. Our mother earth gives us _ we need in our daily life.A. nobody B. nothing C. everybody D. everything3. The iPad isnt _. It belongs to _. A. he; me B. hers; mine C. his; me D.

27、her; mine 4. This morning Diana invited _to _birthday party.A. I; her B. I; hers C. me; her D. me; hers5. Mom, Im old enough to wash _own clothes and _. You can have a rest after work.A. my; yourB. my; yoursC. your; myD. yours; mine6. Morning, class. Is _ here?No, sir. Tom is absent. A. anybody B. e

28、verybody C. nobody D. somebody 7. Does Miss White like sports?Yes, _ favorite sport is tennis. A. he B. she C. his D. her8. We have noticed the problems，and _ will be discussed at the meeting. A. you B. it C. they D. us9. It is a good habit of to read a few lines before going to bed.A. I B. me C. my

29、 D. mine10. He thinks himself somebody, but we think him_.A. nobody B. anybody C. somebody D. everybody11. 一Who teaches _ music? 一Nobody. I teach _.A.; mine B. your; myself C. you; myself12. My host family tried to cook _ for me when I studied in New Zealand.A. different something B. different anyth

30、ing C. something different D. anything different13. What do you think of the movie by Zhao Wei?Terrific. I like _ very much.A. it B. him C. her D. you14. Have you heard the good news? -No, what _? A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those15. I asked her for _ milk, but she didnt have _. A. any,

31、some B. some, any C. some, some16. Who is singing in the next room? -_ must be Marie. A. It B. She C. This D. There17. The book is _. I wrote _ name on its cover（封面） _. A. my, my, myself B. mine, my, myself C. mine, myself, my D. myself, mine, my18. Money is important in my life. But it isnt _ to me. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything19. I could hardly believe she had made a video abo