初高中英语衔接教学

1、江苏省滨海中学江苏省滨海中学 陈法兵陈法兵一、音素和音节一、音素和音节 48个音素：个音素：20个元音，个元音，28个辅音。个辅音。 音标是标记每个词或字母的读音的书面符号，音标是标记每个词或字母的读音的书面符号，放在放在【】【】或或/ / /内。称为国际音标。内。称为国际音标。元音元音单元音单元音(长、短长、短)前元音前元音中元音中元音后元音后元音双元音双元音辅音辅音清辅音清辅音浊辅音浊辅音爆破音爆破音摩擦音摩擦音破擦音破擦音鼻鼻 音音舌侧音舌侧音半元音半元音二、音节：二、音节：由一个元音或一个元音和由一个元音或一个元音和一个或几个辅音构成。一个或几个辅音构成。音节音节重读音节重读音节非重读

2、音节非重读音节开音节开音节闭音节闭音节开音节：开音节：以一个元音字母结尾的重读音节。以一个元音字母结尾的重读音节。一个元音字母后又有一个辅音字母（一个元音字母后又有一个辅音字母（r r除外）再加除外）再加e e的重读音节。的重读音节。闭音节：闭音节：以一个元音字母，后面又跟一个或几个辅以一个元音字母，后面又跟一个或几个辅音字母（音字母（r r除外）的重读音节。除外）的重读音节。三、元音字母在重读开、闭音节中三、元音字母在重读开、闭音节中的读音：的读音：重读开音节重读开音节重读闭音节重读闭音节a 【】【】e 【】【】i 【】【】o 【】【】u 【】【】【】y 【】【】一、音素和音节一、音素和音节

3、 48个音素：个音素：20个元音，个元音，28个辅音。个辅音。 音标是标记每个词或字母的读音的书面符号，音标是标记每个词或字母的读音的书面符号，放在放在【】【】或或/ / /内。称为国际音标。内。称为国际音标。元音元音单元音单元音(长、短长、短)前元音前元音中元音中元音后元音后元音双元音双元音辅音辅音清辅音清辅音浊辅音浊辅音爆破音爆破音摩擦音摩擦音破擦音破擦音鼻鼻 音音舌侧音舌侧音半元音半元音二、音节：二、音节：由一个元音或一个元音和由一个元音或一个元音和一个或几个辅音构成。一个或几个辅音构成。音节音节重读音节重读音节非重读音节非重读音节开音节开音节闭音节闭音节开音节：开音节：以一个元音字母结

4、尾的重读音节。以一个元音字母结尾的重读音节。一个元音字母后又有一个辅音字母（一个元音字母后又有一个辅音字母（r r除外）再加除外）再加e e的重读音节。的重读音节。闭音节：闭音节：以一个元音字母，后面又跟一个或几个辅以一个元音字母，后面又跟一个或几个辅音字母（音字母（r r除外）的重读音节。除外）的重读音节。三、元音字母在重读开、闭音节中三、元音字母在重读开、闭音节中的读音：的读音：重读开音节重读开音节重读闭音节重读闭音节a 【】【】e 【】【】i 【】【】o 【】【】u 【】【】【】y 【】【】四、字母组合的读音四、字母组合的读音1、r字母组合字母组合字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词ar【】

5、er【】ir【】or【】ur【】2、a字母组合字母组合字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词aiaualawairayareass3、e字母组合字母组合字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词eeeareaeireieerewere4、o和和i字母组合字母组合字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词oaoooiowoyighououghoul5、辅音字母及其组合、辅音字母及其组合字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词pfbvtsdzktrgdr5、辅音字母及其组合、辅音字母及其组合字母组合字母组

6、合发音发音例词例词字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词tshdsjmrnquwckysh5、辅音字母及其组合、辅音字母及其组合字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词cghgknlngsthchxwrwh6、某些字母及其组合的特殊读音、某些字母及其组合的特殊读音字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词字母组合字母组合发音发音例词例词aoalouarghorseagndgetchmbtition7、-s(es)结尾与结尾与-ed结尾的读音结尾的读音加s(es)加ed结尾是清辅音结尾是浊辅音结尾是s/x/ch/sh结尾是t/d根据拼读规则读出下列单词：根据拼读规则读出下列单词：tale

7、 sighting witness case murder progress lately thick state dusty dark backpack bite note sunrise dawn spot claim form brave artist fresh army pick task indeed 五、因名词复数、合成词、派生词等引五、因名词复数、合成词、派生词等引起的因变起的因变根据拼读规则读出下列单词：根据拼读规则读出下列单词：mill heed leak bid tankgeese pod sought summate guard peach dine lapcop fa

8、ith sigh seize mash rake latch cheer vain wed 词类词类实词实词名词名词noun n. 代词代词pron.数词数词num.形容词形容词adj. 或或 a.副词副词adv.或或ad.动词动词verb v. vt. vi. 虚词虚词冠词冠词 art. 介词介词prep.连词连词conj. 感叹词感叹词int.说出下列单词的词性：说出下列单词的词性：discover dialogue banana but eleven from happy now what write near often very short think usually when un

9、til ninth their beauty aha the decide popular still well Lily I before hard beyond hair rise raise happen must be shall does 构词法构词法一、合成一、合成 合成名词合成名词basketball spaceship boyfriend supermarket greenhouse handwriting shoemaking 合成形容词合成形容词warm-hearted five-storeyed man-made first-class second-hand hardw

10、orking newly-built well-known two-day five-year-old 100-metre 合成介词合成介词 inside throughout within 用下列两组词中的任意一个组成一个合成词：用下列两组词中的任意一个组成一个合成词：sun head earth flash play hair hand brain sight sleep fire gold ever water home computer quake shake cut rise ache boy light washing fish seeing town walking man la

11、sting proof sick构词法构词法二、派生二、派生 前缀前缀 否定前缀否定前缀 unhappy unimportant unknown unlock impolite misspell disagree disappear 非否定前缀非否定前缀 encourage enrich enlarge enable 猜测下列单词的汉语意思：猜测下列单词的汉语意思：disobey incomplete irresponsiblenonsmoker unexpected unforgettableunwrap mislead malnutrition cooperatemicrophone mi

12、ni-skirt overwork anti-war interpersonal post-war pre-school rebuild bilingual multimediasemi-circle tricycle telescope empowerendanger vice-president transplant 后缀后缀 名词后缀名词后缀-er -or -ess -ian -ist -ment tion -ship -hood -th -ing -ness 形容词后缀形容词后缀-able -ible -al -ic -ical -ish -ful -less -ly -en -ern

13、 -y -ous -ant -ed -ing 副词后缀副词后缀-ly fully -ward(s) afterwards westward 动词后缀动词后缀-en redden deepen 数词后缀数词后缀-teen -ty -th构词法构词法 三、转化三、转化 名词转化为动词名词转化为动词email wrong 形容词转化为动词形容词转化为动词slow down 动词转化为名词动词转化为名词smell love 形容词转化为名词形容词转化为名词final daily 猜测下列单词的汉语意思：猜测下列单词的汉语意思：kingdom bravery mouthful girlhoodsocia

14、lism hardship Londoner teenagerlioness booklet refusal starvationemployer employee silencer selfishnesssimple-minded successful colorless monkeylike brotherly hairy drinkable talkative quicken beautify modernize 构词法构词法 四、四、 缩写和简写缩写和简写 1.剪切法剪切法 photo lab 2.混成法混成法 brunch motel 3.首字母缩略法首字母缩略法 BBC www U

15、FO VIP DIY WTO UNISECO猜测下列单词的汉语意思：猜测下列单词的汉语意思：ad prof memo mike stereo flu fridge EU e.g. H.K. L.A. MITID I.O.U. AIDS APEC 句子种类句子种类按使用目的和交际功能分按使用目的和交际功能分陈述句（肯定式、否定式）陈述句（肯定式、否定式）疑问句疑问句祈使句祈使句(表示命令、请求等表示命令、请求等）感叹句（感叹句（what / how)There be 句型句型一般疑问句一般疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问句选择疑问句选择疑问句反意疑问句反意疑问句句子种类句子种类按句子结构分按句子结构分简

16、单句简单句并列句并列句 （常见的常见的并列连词并列连词and but or for however thus therefore yet while when neithernor. eitheror. not onlybut also）复合句复合句 （由一个主句和一个或多个从句构由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子成的句子）S+VS+V+OS+V+PS+V+IO+DOS+V+O+C句子种类句子种类复合句复合句名词性从句名词性从句定语从句定语从句状语从句状语从句主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句时间时

17、间 地点地点 原因原因 目的目的 结果结果条件条件 让步让步 比较比较 方式方式 程度程度Some people love him while others hate him.When we shall meet again hasnt been decided yet.That she is good at music is known to us all.The problem is whether you can do it yourselves.I dont know what you really mean.I have no idea when he will be back.Th

18、is is the house where he lived 10 years ago.His father, who is 43 years old, works in a factory.If it doesnt rain, I will go out.英语句子万万千，五大句型把线牵。英语句子万万千，五大句型把线牵。句型种类看动词，后接成分是关键。句型种类看动词，后接成分是关键。系词之后接表语，不及物后无需连。系词之后接表语，不及物后无需连。及物又可分两类，单宾双宾最常见。及物又可分两类，单宾双宾最常见。还有宾语补足语，各种搭配记心间。还有宾语补足语，各种搭配记心间。主谓宾表定状补，七种成

19、分记清楚。主谓宾表定状补，七种成分记清楚。句子主干主谓句子主干主谓宾（表）宾（表），枝叶成分定状补。，枝叶成分定状补。定语修饰主宾表，宾语之后常有补。定语修饰主宾表，宾语之后常有补。主谓人称数一致，状语位置最灵活。主谓人称数一致，状语位置最灵活。说出下列简单句的种类：说出下列简单句的种类： The story happened in London in 1897. My recent book sells well. Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables. She laid the papers on my desk. We should re

20、main modest at any time. All his dreams have come true. She promised me a nice gift on Christmas day. 说出下列简单句的种类：说出下列简单句的种类：8. Will you please pass the book to me ?9. My parents bought a bicycle for me.10. We have made our school a beautiful garden.11. The girl saw two men enter the house.12. I can

21、hear someone playing the violin next door.13. Nobody noticed the office broken into.14. They painted the door red.常见的连系动词：常见的连系动词：be (am, is, are) seem appear stay remain keep become get turn grow go come fall prove look smell sound taste feelWe are what we eat.句子成分：句子成分：主语：主语：表示表示所说所说的是的是谁或谁或是什是什么么

22、名词名词The book is new.代词代词He is my father.数词数词The first is better than the others.不定式不定式To work with him is my wish.动名词动名词Playing with fire is dangerous.词组词组A knife and fork is on the table.从句从句What we need is more time.句子成分：句子成分：表语：表语：说明主说明主语的特语的特征、类征、类别、状别、状态或身态或身份份名词名词He is a doctor.代词代词The book is

23、 mine.数词数词Two times three is six.形容词、副词形容词、副词He is polite. / My father is out.不定式不定式动名词动名词His wish is to become a lawyer.My job is teaching.分词分词介词短语介词短语I am excited at his success.He is always in a hurry.从句从句This is what he wants to say.句子成分：句子成分：宾语：宾语：表示表示动作动作的承的承受者受者名词名词We love our school.代词代词She

24、can dress herself.数词数词Ive got only three.不定式不定式I wanted to go there.动名词动名词He is fond of playing football.从句从句I dont know what I should do.句子成分：句子成分：宾语宾语补足补足语：语：在宾在宾语后语后补足补足宾语宾语的内的内容容名词名词I find him an honest boy.形容词形容词His death made me sad.分词分词He kept me waiting for an hour.不定式不定式I ask him to have a

25、rest.介词短语介词短语I found the old man in bad health.句子成分：句子成分：定语：定语：用来用来修饰修饰名词名词或代或代词词名词名词He is an English teacher.代词代词Please show me another book.数词数词形容词副词形容词副词The fifth lesson is very easy.The man upstairs is a doctor.不定式不定式I have a lot of work to do today.动名词动名词What a nice swimming pool !分词分词Please br

26、ing me boiled water.从句从句I know the boy who is standing there.句子成分：句子成分：同位语：同位语：说明其说明其前一名前一名词或代词或代词的具词的具体内容体内容名词名词Our teacher Mr. Li is very kind.代词代词We each have a book.数词数词We two will go to see you.从句从句The news that he will visit China is true.句子成分：句子成分：状语：状语：用来修用来修饰动词、饰动词、形容词、形容词、副词或副词或整个句整个句子子名词名

27、词He walked 20 miles.形容词形容词副词副词She smiled, full of happiness.不定式不定式He stopped to have a rest.介词短语介词短语They are playing on the playground .分词分词Given more time, I can do it better.从句从句独立主格结独立主格结构构Well go where we are most needed.He rushed out, gun in hand. What you said just now has nothing to do with t

28、he matter were discussing. Judging from his accent, he is from Hunan. Its a pity that you didnt read the book. She was the teacher who taught us English Literature. Nancys English is better than anyone elses in her class. There ought to be no trouble because he knew the answers.说出下列句子划线部分的成分说出下列句子划线部分的成分7. Does it matter if he cant finish