牙列缺损概述优质荟萃

1、1专业荟萃牙列缺损是指牙列中的部分牙齿缺失牙列缺损是指牙列中的部分牙齿缺失(dental arch deficiency:dental (dental arch deficiency:dental arch with some teeth missing)arch with some teeth missing)专业荟萃3专业荟萃tooth default专业荟萃dental arch missing专业荟萃 龋病、根尖周病、牙周病、外伤、龋病、根尖周病、牙周病、外伤、颌骨疾病、发育障碍等。颌骨疾病、发育障碍等。(caries (caries 、apical disease apical di

2、sease 、 periodontical disease periodontical disease 、trauma trauma 、maxillary and maxillary and mandibular disease mandibular disease 、anodontia anodontia etc.)etc.)专业荟萃caries专业荟萃apical diseaseapical disease专业荟萃periodontical disease periodontical disease 、专业荟萃traumatrauma专业荟萃anodontiaanodontia专业荟萃专业

3、荟萃专业荟萃tooth position and alignment are maintained, in part, by interaction between teeth(arrows).专业荟萃when a tooth is removed, adjacent teeth often migrate into the vacated space.专业荟萃if a fixed partial denture is fabricated without first re-establishing the occlusal plane, an occlusal interference ma

4、y be created(arrow).专业荟萃occlusion is properly restored by correction of the occlusal plane in conjunction with placement of a fixed partial denture.专业荟萃1 1固定义齿固定义齿（fixed partial denturefixed partial denture） 利用缺牙间隙两端或一端的天然牙为支持，利用缺牙间隙两端或一端的天然牙为支持，通过其上的固位体将义齿粘固于基牙上，患通过其上的固位体将义齿粘固于基牙上，患者不能自行摘戴。者不能自行摘戴。

5、(retainer connect with (retainer connect with pontic and fixed to abutment )pontic and fixed to abutment ) 因其结构类似工程桥梁结构，故又称固定因其结构类似工程桥梁结构，故又称固定桥桥（fixed bridgefixed bridge） 。专业荟萃fixed partial denturefixed partial denture专业荟萃 2 2可摘局部义齿可摘局部义齿removable partial denture removable partial denture 专业荟萃3 3固定

6、活动联合修复体固定活动联合修复体 （fixed -removable partial denturefixed -removable partial denture）专业荟萃4 4种植义齿种植义齿 (implantal (implantal partial denturepartial denture) )专业荟萃1 1义齿所受的合力通过基牙全部传义齿所受的合力通过基牙全部传导至牙周支持组织，其传导方式类导至牙周支持组织，其传导方式类似天然牙。似天然牙。 （occlusal force-abutment-occlusal force-abutment-periodontal tissueper

7、iodontal tissue）2 2义齿咀嚼效率高。义齿咀嚼效率高。 (efficiency mastication)(efficiency mastication)3 3义齿舒适、无异物感。义齿舒适、无异物感。 (comfortable.noneyewinker)(comfortable.noneyewinker)专业荟萃专业荟萃专业荟萃26专业荟萃（1）固位作用好（good retention）（2）支持作用好（good sustenance）（3）稳定作用好（good stability）（4）义齿舒适、无异物感。 (comfortable.noneyewinker)（5）专业荟萃l（

8、1）牙体切割少（）牙体切割少（less cut dental tissue）l（2）制作简单，容易修改（）制作简单，容易修改（easy to fabricate and amend ）l（3）容易清洁（）容易清洁（easy to clean）专业荟萃29专业荟萃30专业荟萃 由固位体、桥体、连接体三部分由固位体、桥体、连接体三部分组成，它支持和固定在基牙上形成一组成，它支持和固定在基牙上形成一个整体行使功能。个整体行使功能。( (retainer、pontic、connector 、abutmentabutment ) )专业荟萃专业荟萃the components of a fixed pa

9、rtial denture.专业荟萃（一）固位体（一）固位体（retainerretainer） 是在基牙上制作全冠是在基牙上制作全冠(full crown)(full crown)、部分冠、部分冠(partial crown)(partial crown)、桩冠、桩冠(post crown)(post crown)、嵌体、嵌体(inlay or onlay)(inlay or onlay)等。与桥体等。与桥体(pontic)(pontic)相连。相连。专业荟萃（二）桥体（二）桥体（ponticpontic） 即人工牙，是固定义齿修复缺失即人工牙，是固定义齿修复缺失牙的形态和功能的部分。牙的形

10、态和功能的部分。专业荟萃连接桥体连接桥体(pontic)(pontic)与固位体与固位体(retainer)(retainer)的部分称为连接体。的部分称为连接体。专业荟萃 用焊接用焊接(soldering)(soldering)或整体铸造或整体铸造法法(casting)(casting)形成的连接体。固位形成的连接体。固位体和桥体之间不能活动。体和桥体之间不能活动。专业荟萃 固位体固位体(retainer)(retainer)和桥体和桥体(pontic)(pontic)之间通过一种栓道之间通过一种栓道(attachment)(attachment)或关或关节节(joint)(joint)相连

11、，形成一可活动相连，形成一可活动（non-rigid)的连接体的连接体(connector)(connector)。专业荟萃l双端固定桥双端固定桥（rigidly fixed bridgerigidly fixed bridge） （完全固定桥完全固定桥 complete fixed bridgecomplete fixed bridge； fixed-fixed bridgefixed-fixed bridge）专业荟萃l半固定桥半固定桥（semi-fixed bridgesemi-fixed bridge） （应力中断式桥应力中断式桥 broken-stress fixed bridgeb

12、roken-stress fixed bridge）专业荟萃l单端固定桥单端固定桥（free-end fixed bridgefree-end fixed bridge） （悬臂固定桥悬臂固定桥 cantilever bridgecantilever bridge）专业荟萃l复合固定桥复合固定桥（compound fixed bridgecompound fixed bridge）专业荟萃l种植固定桥种植固定桥（implant fixed bridgeimplant fixed bridge）专业荟萃l固定可摘联合固定桥固定可摘联合固定桥 （fixed-removable combined b

13、ridgefixed-removable combined bridge）专业荟萃l粘结固定桥粘结固定桥（adhesive fixed bridgeadhesive fixed bridge）专业荟萃46专业荟萃第三节第三节 固定义齿的适应证固定义齿的适应证(indications)l1. 缺牙的数目缺牙的数目(number of teeth missing)l2. 缺牙的部位缺牙的部位(area of teeth missing)l3. 基牙的条件基牙的条件(condition of abutment teeth)专业荟萃the optimum crown-root ratio for a

14、fixed partial denture abutment is 2:3(a). a ratio of 1:1(b) is the minimum that is acceptable.专业荟萃although the root surface area of these teeth is similar, the root configuration of the maxillary premolar(a),with its greater faciolingual dimension, makes it a superior abutment to the maxillary centr

15、al incisor(b), whose root is essentially circular in cross section.专业荟萃the molar with divergent roots(a) will be a better abutment tooth than one whose roots are fused(b). 专业荟萃comparative root surface areas of maxillary teeth. the figure in parentheses above each tooth is the ratio between the root

16、surface area of the respective tooth and the root surface area of the smallest tooth in the arch, the lateral incisor (based on data by jepsen).专业荟萃comparative root surface areas of mandibular teeth. the figure in parentheses above each tooth is the ratio between the root surface area of the respective tooth and the root surface area of the smallest tooth in the arch, the central incisor (based on data by jepsen).专业荟萃第三节第三节 固定义齿的适应证固定义齿的适应证(indications)l4. 咬合关系咬合关系(occlussion)l5. 缺牙区牙槽嵴的条件缺牙区牙槽嵴的条件(condition of edentulous alveolar r