虚拟语气讲解20140305

1、 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语谓语的特殊形式的特殊形式来表示。来表示。If you were the wind, I would bethe sand.表示与现在事实相反表示与现在事实相反从句从句:did (be用用were)主句主句:would (should, could, might) + doe.g. If I were you, I should study English. If he had time, he would attend the m

2、eeting.表示与过去事实相反表示与过去事实相反从句：从句：had done主句：主句：should/would/could/might +have doneIf you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.If I had been there with you, I would have prevented you from being hurt.与将来事实相反与将来事实相反从句从句: did should+do were to+do主句：主句：should/would/could/might + doe.g. I

3、f it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. Practice 一个坚持：一个坚持：insist; 两个命令：两个命令：order, command; 三个建议：三个建议：suggest, propose, advise; 四个要求：四个要求：desire, demand, ask, require I propose that we (should) set a dead line for handing in the plans. I suggest that we (should) set off at once. I insist

4、ed that we (should) decide what to do with him. 1. wish+ 宾语从句的用法宾语从句的用法表示不能实现的愿望，汉语可译为表示不能实现的愿望，汉语可译为“ 可可惜惜”，“就好了就好了”，“愿愿”，“悔不该悔不该”。表示表示现在现在不能实现的愿望不能实现的愿望从句从句:did (be 用用were)表示表示将来将来不可能实现的愿望不可能实现的愿望从句从句:would(could/might) +do表示表示过去过去不能实现的愿望时不能实现的愿望时从句从句:had done或或 would(could)+have+donee.g. I wish I

5、 were a millionaire. We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.I wish I could remember more about my mum.2. 在在as if (as though), even if (even though)等引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用。等引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用。 e.g. He looks as if he were an artist. He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England

6、.Even if he were here, he couldnt solve the problem.3. 虚拟语气用于虚拟语气用于if only引导的感叹句中引导的感叹句中 意为意为“如果如果就好了就好了” e.g. If only I had taken his advice. If only I were a bird.4. 虚拟语气在简单句中的应用虚拟语气在简单句中的应用 1）情态动词的过去时用于现在时态，）情态动词的过去时用于现在时态，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常用于日常会话中。委婉，常用于日常会话中。 e.g. It would be better for you not to stay up too late. Would you be kind enough to open the door? 2）用于一些习惯表达法中。用于一些习惯表达法中。 e.g. Would you like a cup of tea? I would rather not tell you. 3）用用“May+ sb.+动词原形动词原形”表祝愿，表祝愿，may须放在句首。须放在句首。 e.g. May you be happy! 谓语动词的虚拟形式为：谓语动词的虚拟形式为：动词过去式动词过去式 (be 多为多为were)