2018年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试00830现代语言学真题附答案

1、2018 年 10 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试现代语言学试卷（课程代码 00830）本试卷共 4 4 页，满分 100100 分，考试时间 150150 分钟。考生答题注意事项：1 1 本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均 可作草稿纸。2 2第一部分为选择题。必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B2B 铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。3 3.第二部分为非选择题。必须注明大、小题号，使用0 0. 5 5 毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。4 4.合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。第一部分选择题Directionst Read ech of the following stat

2、ements carefully;which one of thefour choices best completes the statement bhekea the corresponding tetter A, C or D on theANSWER SHEET (2%Xlfr=20%5What can be drawn safely from theof Genie is that _.A- it confirms the critical period hypothesisB, homans language acquisition device k independent of

3、other intellectual abilities申I.3.According to E de Saussure,_ refers to曲匕abstract linguistic system shared byall members of a speech community.A, competence B, performanceThe English sound u: is a _ _ .A. close vowel B scnuou must explain why you think so andthen give the correct version. (2%X 10=20

4、%)21. FThe description of a language at sonu: point in time is a synchronic study.或者I he (lcscnption of a laas il changes ihrou字h linx is a diachronic simly评分标准：答对得2分；正饯判断错I吴扣全分。纠钳不当，酌情扣分。22T评分标准：答对得2分；正误刿断能误扣全分。23.T评分标准：答对得2分；正泯刿断错谋扣全分。24.T评分标准：答对得2分；正误判断餡谋扣全分。(2%X 10=20%)5. D 6. A 7. A &A 9. C 10.

5、 B25.现代语古学试超答案及评分参专第2页(共3页)Language is not the only means for thought.评分标准：答对得2分；正谋判斷错误抓全分。26.T评分标准：务对得2分；正谋判断错谋扭金分.27.FA regional dialect is usually spoken by a group of people living in the same region.评分标准：答对術2分；正i臭判断吴抑全分.2& T评分标准：答对側2分；正谋判斷错谋加全分.29.T评分标准：齐对得2分；正溟判斯错谋扭全分。30.FModem linguistics reg

6、ards the spoken language as primary, not the grillcn.评分标准：答对得2分；正谋判断错谋扣全分.纠错不当，酌情扣分。IV.Directions：Explain the following terms and give exam卩le for illustration nhcrc appropriate. (3% X 10=30%)3丨.Language is a system, which consists of two sets of structures, or two levels. At the lower level there i

7、s astructure of sounds, which are meaninglessBut the sounds of language can be grouped into a large numberof units of meaning such as morphemes, words, which arc found at the higher level of the system痒分标准：答对得3分；解料不当，酌悄扣分。32.When we say that a certain syllable is stressed of a word, we mean that the

8、 syllable is pronounced with greaterforce than the others评分标准：答对得3分；解释不当，酌悄扣分。33.The development of a second or foreign language (L2) h called second language acquisition (SLA).评分标准：答对得3分；解释不当，酌悄扣分。34.The existing fbnn to which a derivational affix can be added is called a stemA stem can be a bound

9、root, afree inorphcnK. or a derived form itself评分标准：答对得3分；解释不当，酌悄抓分。35.Cerebral plasticity refers (o the neurological flexibility which enables one cerebral hemisphere of the brain to25.现代语古学试超答案及评分参专第2页(共3页)take over the function of the other if it is damagedprior to the time of completion of the l

10、atcralizxition process.评分标准：答对得3分;解释不当，酌情扣分.现代学试题答案及评分参考第3页（共3页）36.The movement of an auxiliary verb to the sentenceinili;il position, such as be: *l)ave“do.Fill：-canMand should：评分标准：答对得3分；解释不当，附情扣分。37.A speech community is a group of people who form a community and share the same language or a pari

11、icularvariety of language评分标准：答对得3分：解释不当，酌情扣分。3& Sense is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic formIt is the collection of allthe features of lhe linguistic form; it is abstract and de-contextualized.评分标准：答对得3分；解强不当，酌情扣分。39.The study of how speakers of a language use sentences :o ef

12、lect successful communication.评分标准：答对得3分；解肆不当，酌悄扣分。40.The study of ongoing changes that languages have undergone is called historical linguistics.评分标准：符对得3分；解释不当，酌情扣分。V.Directions：Answer the following questions. (10%X2=20%)41.(I) Phonetics: the study of sounds used in linguistic communication.(2)Pho

13、nology: how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication.(3)Morphology: the study of the way in which the symbols are arranged to form words.(4)Synlax: the study of the rules of how words are combined to fonn permissible sentences in a language(5)Semantics: the study of meanin

14、g(6)Pragmatics: the study of meaning in the context of use评分标准：(1)(6)毎点2分，答出5个UPum 10分；没令答全或出错酌悄扣分。42.(1) Semantics and pragmatics arc two branches of linguistics(2)Both are linguistic studies of meaning.(3)In semantics, meaning of language is considered as something intrinsic, and inherent. The mea

15、nings ofwords, meanings of sentences are all studied in an isolated manner, detached from the context in whichthey are usedSemantics is mainly concerned with the meanings of words and sentences in isolation(4)In pragmatics, the context of language use is considered, the real situations of communication, theknowledge shared by the speaker and the heaivr must be