第二讲代词-教师版

1、 精品专题课程 初中英语第 二 讲 代词一 考 情 分 析中考分值代词是中考的必考点，一般分值在2分左右，占的比率在2左右。考查方式这部分考查的重点一般有：不定代词、反身代词及疑问代词的使用及其他代词的灵活运用；作文中对代词的正确运用等。二 知 识 回 顾1代词的含义及类别。2常见代词的基本用法。（一） 人称代词1.人称代词的人称、数和 格 ， 如下表所示。 第一人称第二人称第三人称主格宾格主格宾格主格宾格单数复数2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作 主语，宾格作宾语。如： _I_ like table tennis. （作 主语）Do you know _him_? （作宾语）3.人称代

2、词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如：-Who is knocking at the door?-Its _me_.4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如：He is older than _me_.He is older than _I_ am.（二） 物主代词1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示。 人称形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词单数第一人称第二人称第三人称复数第一人称第二人称第三人称2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如： _Our_ teacher is coming to s

3、ee us. This is _my_ pencil-box.3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here, and _theirs_ is there.（作主语） - Is this English-book _yours_? （作表语） - No. Mine is in my bag. Ive already finished my homework. Have you finished _yours_? （作宾语）（三） 指示代词 指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。 1. this和these一般用来指

4、在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如： _This_ is a pen and _that_ _is a pencil We are busy _these_ days In _those_ days the workers had a hard time2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲 到的事物，例如： I had a cold. _That_s why I didnt come. What I want to say is _this_ ; pronunciation is very

5、important in learning English3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as _those_ made in Shanghai 4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is _that_ _Jack speaking?（四）反身代词 英语中用来表示我自己，你自己，他自己，我们自己，你们自己等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。第一人称第二人称

6、第三人称单数复数 反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。 1. 作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。 He called _himself_ _a writer Would you please express _yourself_ in English?2. 作表语。 It doesnt matterIll be _myself_ _soon The girl in the news is _herself_ 3. 作 主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。 I _myself _washed the clothes（=I washed the cloth

7、es _myself_.）（作 主语同位语） You should ask the teacher _yourself_（作宾语同位语）（五）不定代词 不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。（见重难点突破）（六） 相互代词 表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词。相互代词有each other 和one another两种形 式。在当代英语中，each other和one another没有什么区别。相互代词可在句中作宾语，定语。作定语用时，相互代词用所有格形式。 We should learn from each other / one another. （作

8、宾语） Do you often write to each other / one another? （作宾语） We often borrow each others / one anothers books. （作定语） The students corrected each others / one anothers mistakes in their homework. （作定语）（七.）疑问代词疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊 疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。例如：_Who_ is going to come h

9、ere tomorrow? （作 主语）_What_ is that? (作表语)_Whose_ umbrella is this? (作定语)_Who_ are you waiting for? (作宾语)（八）关系代词关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语. 在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。例如：I hate people _who_ talk much but do little.Im looking at the photograph _tha

10、twhich_ you sent me with your letter.With the money _thatwhich_ he had saved, he went on with his studies.Do you know the lady _who_ is interviewing our headmaster?三. 重 点 突 破类型 一 ：反身代词的正确使用1. 主宾一致2. 同位语1. Help _yourself_ (you) to some fruit, Jack.2. -Who taught your brother to surf?-Nobody. He learn

11、t all by _himself_ (he).3. Did you enjoy _yourselves_ (you), Mary and Kate?4. The earth _itself_(it) is round.5. No one helped Millie. She did it all by _herself_.(she)搭配练习（A类）1. Mary, please show _D_ your picture. A. my B. mine C. I D. me 2. -Whats on TV tonight? Is there _B_ interesting? -Im afrai

12、d not. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything3. _D_ of them has his own opinion. A. Both B. Some C. Every D. Each4. -Where is my pen? -Oh, sorry. I have taken _A_ by mistake. A. yours B. his C. mine D. hers5. -Can I have some more ice cream, Mum? -Sorry. There is_ _A_ left in the fridge.A

13、. none B. nothing C. no one D. anything类型二：不定代词的辨析 1. some与any的区别2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别3. other, the other, another, others, the others的区别。用 法代名词形容词单数复数单数复数不定another另一个others别人，其他人another (boy)另一个（男孩）other (boys)其他男孩特定the other另一个the others其余那些人、物the other (boy)另一个男孩the other (boys)其

14、余那些男孩4. every与each的区别。eachevery1)可单独使用1)不可单独使用2)可做代名词、形容词2)仅作形容词3)着重“个别”3)着重“全体”，毫无例外4)用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人或物4)用于三者或三者以上每一个人或物5. 全部否定：no, none, nobody, no one, neither( nor) 部分否定： all, both, every, each, everything, everybody等加上否定词 not, never 等构成 全部肯定：all, both, every, each, everything, everybody等6. nobo

15、dy, no one, none nobody = no one，指没有一个人 none, 指没有一个人或物（数量上），后可加of, 加of时谓语动词可单可复7. both, either, neither; all, noneboth，指两者都，后可加of，与否定词连用表示部分否定，全部否定为neither；either常与or连用，表示两者中的其中之一，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则； neither常与nor连用，表示两者都不，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则；all表示三者及三者以上的全部（人或物），与否定词连用表示部分否定，全部否定为none8. one，it比较：二者都可以替代上文出现过的名词。

16、one表示泛指，表示同类中的任何一个。It表特指，指代上文出现过的某一物，即同一事物。搭配练习（B类）1. The old man has two sons. One is a worker, _the other_ is a teacher.2. Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running; some like swimming; _others_ like ball games.3. Lets go and have a drink. Weve got a little time before the train

17、 leaves.4. We were all very tired, but _none_ of us would like to have a rest.5. The old pen is broken, Id like _B_ one to write with. A. the other B. another C. others D. the others类型三：疑问代词与动词不定式的搭配及定语从句中关系代词的选择1. I dont know which room to live in.2. What did you do that for?学习心得用适当的疑问代词和关系代词填空1. _

18、What_ is the population of the world today?2. _Who_ jumped the longest of all in the long jump?3. - _What_ color is your mothers dress? -Its black.4. -_Which_ is your car? -The red one in front of the tree.5. -_Which_ of the following can you often find on a medicine bottle？-I know， sir. Its instruc

19、tion.6. The necklace _thatwhich_ she is wearing is beautiful.7. Do you know the person _thatwho_ lost his bike?8. Most people _who_that_ live in less developed countries are quite poor.9. The boy whothat is helping the old man is Johns brother.10. People whothat use credit cards to buy things online

20、 should be very careful 精品专题课程 初中英语四 复 习 建 议 本节内容是中考中的必考点，考点主要是在对代词的灵活运用，尤其是对不定代词和反身代词的考查。学生在复习的过程中所需要注意的事项就是如何掌握它们之间的辨析及具体用法。需要熟练把握各个代词的意义及用法，所以学生还是要在平时的训练中多去总结和归纳。五课后作业（A类）1. “May I borrow your dictionary, Jim?” “Oh, sorry. It isnt _mine_ (my).”2. Daniels mother has devoted _herself_ (she) to the

21、teaching of Home Economics.3. The books on the shelf are ours. Those on the floor are_ theirs_ (they).4. -My watch keeps good time. What about _yours_（you）？-Mine？ Oh， two minutes slow.5. _Both_ of the twins are in our class.6. Boys, dont touch the machines, or you may hurt _yourselves_.7. It is said

22、 there is going to be _something_ important in the CCTV news.8. We couldnt buy anything because _none_ of the shops opened at that time.9. They didnt learn _anything_ new in this lesson.10. -Why is _it_ easy for such a young girl to learn three foreign languages so well? -Because Britain, Germany an

23、d France are all very near _her_ country.（B类）1.You may come to my house _C_ this week _ next week.A .neither; or B .from; to C .either; or D. either; nor2.I dont think we can do it all _A_.A. by ourselves B. by myself C. by ourselves D .by yourselves3.I dont want this shirt. Please show me _C_.A .ot

24、hers B .the others C .another D .the other4.I cant repair the model ship _C_. Can you help ?A .me; me B. myself ;myself C .myself ;me D. me ; myself5.Does your brother often wash clothes B ?A. he B .himself C. herself D .him6. We study Chinese, English , math and some C subjects.A .the other B. one

25、C .other D .another7.I have two sisters. A of them are doctors.A. Both B. All C .Either D. Neither8.The book on the shelf is A . She wrote name on its cover .A .Hers; her ;herself B. Her; hers; herself C. Herself; her; hers D .Her; herself; herself9. Dont worry . Theres A much wrong with you. said t

26、he doctor.A. nothing B .everything C. something D .very 10.These shoes are too small. You may buy some _B_ shoes.A .another B .other C .the .others D. others 11.I asked Jim and Bob to come to my house for dinner , but _D_ of them came .A .another B. other C .the others D .others 12.They are _ the sa

27、me size , so you may take _D_ half of the cake.A. at; each B. in; both C .at; neither D .in; either 13.Betty and John have come back , but _A_ students in the class arent here yet.A. the other B others C. another D. the others14.Your mother is kindness _B_. A .itself B. herself oneself D .himself15.

28、She stayed there longer than _D_.A. anyone B .anything else C. anybody D .anybody else16.Is this her bike? No, it isnt . Its _A_.A. mine B. my C. me D. hes17. _C_ Li Pings brother. A. Her B. His C. Hes D. Shes18.He is a boy. B name is Wang Bing. A. He B. His C. Her D. Hes19.Whats this? C . A. Its a

29、bread B. It is a bread C. Its bread D. This is bread20.The bowls are on the table .There are some eggs in B .A. the B. them C. it D. he 21.Let C have a meeting .A. me B. you C. us D. me 22. Mother often sees B on Sunday .A. her all friends B. all her friend C. her friends D. her all friend.23.When y

30、ou see Tom and his sister , tell C that mother is waiting at the gate.A. his ;his B. her; hers C. them ; their D. his ; her 24.He wants you to talk D about China.A .anything B .nothing C. thing D .something25.Granny seems ill . Are you sure its A ?A .nothing serious B. anything serious C. serious no

31、thing D. serious anything （ C 类）1. If _B_ steps on the grass, tell _to come to the teachers office.A. someone; them B. anyone; him C. anybody; them D. everyone; him2. On Christmas Day, _C_ of us was excited because we each _a present.A. every one; was given B. everyone; was givenC. every one; were g

32、iven D. everyone; were given3. Would you like _B_ sugar in your coffee ?Yes, only _.A. any; a few B. some; a little C. some; few D. any; little4.We think the actors in Friendship act better than_ _B_ in Spaceman on earth.A. that B. those C. the one D. ones5.He has_ B_ daughter. She is very pretty.A.

33、 a few B. a little C. few D. little6.-How much homework has your cousin finish ? -_A_ at all. He has sat there the whole morning, doing_.A. None; nothing B. Nothing; none C. No one; nothing D. Nothing; none7.-What should we give away to the homeless people ? -_B_ will do as long as we can keep them

34、warm.A. Everything B. Anything C. Nothing D. Something8. -I hear a new film is on these days. Shall we go to the cinema together, Lucy and Lily ?-_C_ Lily _I will go with you because one of us must be at home to help our father in the garden. A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Either, nor【中考链接】（2010苏州，1）-Wow! Youve got so many skirts. -But_ D_ of them are in fashion now.A. all B. both C. neither D. none(2010苏州，13)-Why dont we