深圳新版英语八年级下复习(Unit1-4)

1、Unit1 Helping those in need需要帮助的in need无法做某事be unable to do sth 义务性工作voluntary work 上学attend school 报请批准ask permission 第一个the very first 受.之苦，患.病suffer from 主动提出做某事offer to do sth.使振奋；使鼓起勇气raise ones spirits 数以百计的millions of 目的在于；为了in order to 给某人做.的许可give sb. Permission to do sth帮助某人give sb. a hand

2、为某人支付.pay for sb.to do sth.筹集善款raise money 希望做wish to do 用某物做某事use sth. for doing sth 从事.的工作work as 继续做某事continue to do sth.联合国the United Nations 做某事有困难have difficulty (in) doing sth表达感情express ones feelings情绪高涨be in high spirits 相反的意思the opposite meaning 身体状况良好/较差in good / bad health 总额total amount

3、年龄从.岁到.岁aged from.to.在住院be in hospital Unit2 Body language一个衣着入时女士a well-dressed lady 提醒某人.remind sb that 在旅行公司里at a travel company 使某人想起remind sb of sth一份兼职工作a part-time job 提醒某人做某事remind sb to do sth 得到做某事的机会get a chance to do 代替instead of =replace 高兴地向.打招呼give sb a cheerful greeting 发生take place

4、=happen 给某人一个好印象make a good impression on sb坐起来；坐直sit up 抬着头hold ones head on 某人脸上的表情the expression on ones face 将头转向某人turn ones head towards sb.一会儿后minutes later 感受欢迎feel welcome 决定做某事decide to do sth Unit3 Traditional skills 用.去做某事use.to do =use.for doing 把灯悬挂在灯柱上hang a light on a post 超过more than

5、 在.的前半部分at/in front of 擅长于做某事be good at =do well in 把.带(回)来bring.(.back) to 潜下水dive down 把.扔进o 多达两分钟for up to two minutes 练习做某事practice doing sth 出发；动身set off 坐船回家sail back home 在傍晚时分in the late afternoon 长地更强壮grow stronger 准备好了.be ready for sth 上映一场好戏put on a play 不再no more =not.any more 由

6、.制成be made of 把.套在.上tie.to./ tie.around.靠近close to 上上下下up and down 不如;与.不一样not as.as 天黑之后after dark 认真工作work hard Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips 连环漫画comic strip 在困境中in trouble 照镜子look at oneself in the mirror 使某人行陷入麻烦get sb into trouble 张大；睁大pop out 嘲笑laugh at 把.放在一起put together 总计；合计in total 把.添加

7、到.add.to.装满be full of =be filled with 音响效果sound effect 20世纪30年代后期in the late 1930s决定；选定decide on 大量的s number of 在地铁站at the underground station .的数量the number of 考虑think about 得奖win awards 摄像机video camera 为.工作work for 一个和善的女孩a pleasant girl 与.不同be different from 看上去像look like 为某人配音do ones voice =do t

8、he voice of语法复习：不定式：1.不定式的结构：肯定 否定 2.只能跟不定式做宾语的动词：choose,hope,offer,want,decide,learn,plan,wish,afford，agree，aim，appear，ask，believe，demand，determine，expect，fail，happen,intend，learn，long，manage，pretend，promise，prepare，refuse.巧记：三个希望两答应（hope,wish,want,agree,promise);一个要求莫拒绝（demand,refuse)设法学会做决定（manag

9、e,learn,decide);不要假装在选择（pretend,choose)3.省略to的不定式:使役动词: 感官动词： 4. decide/know/learn/remember+疑问词+todo5. 动词+宾语+todo即宾语补足语。Teachsbtodosthasksbtodosth注：有以上结构的常用动词有tell.wish,ask,want，like,beg(请求),invite（邀请）,warn（警告，提醒）,allow,encourage,advise等。6. 不定式做宾语和主语做主语的常用句型：Itbeadj.(for/ofsb)todoItisimportanttolear

10、nEnglishwell.Itisimportantforus (learn)Englishwell.Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodoIttakesmehalfanhourtowalktoschooleveryday.7.作宾语：it做形式宾语：当不定式做宾语且后面还带有补足语时，通常用it做形式宾语，把不定式放在宾语补足后面。Ifounditdifficult (find)ajobinthecity.MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.动名词：动名词是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing构成。它既有动词的特

11、征，又有名词的特征,在句中可以有自己的宾语和状语,可作主语、宾语、表语。动词ing形式：直接加ing(going,being,seeing);以不发音的e结尾的动词，须去掉e再加ing(comingwritingtaking);动词是闭音节的单音节词，重读闭音节结尾的多音节，末尾只有一个辅音时，辅音字母须双写，然后加ing(sittingbeginningrunningstopping)少数几个以ie结尾的单音节动词，须变i为y，再加ing(dying（die）tying（tie）lying（lie）)同步训练:find , become , forget , lie .动名词的用法：1.动名

12、词作主语动名词用法之一是可在句中作主语，与不定式作主语一样也可用it作形式主语，如 ：LearningChineseisnotaneasything学中文不是一件容易的事。Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。Itisnousetalkingwithoutdoing. 光说不做没有用。同步训练：用正确形式填空 (fight) brokeoutbetweentheSouthandtheNorth.南方与北方开战了。 (paint)ishishobby. 绘画是他的爱好。典型例题：WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？ hernewbicycle. A. Asshel

13、ostB. LostC. LosingD. Becauseoflosing2.动名词作宾语动词后加动名词doing作宾语V.+doingsthadmit承认；appreciate感激，赞赏；avoid避免；complete完成；consider认为；delay耽误；deny否认；detest讨厌；endure忍受；enjoy喜欢；escape逃脱；prevent阻止；fancy想象；finish完成；imagine想象；mind介意；miss想念；postpone推迟；practice训练；recall回忆；resent讨厌；resist抵抗；resume继续；risk冒险；suggest建议

14、；face面对；keep继续；include包括；stand忍受；understand理想；forgive宽恕.如 ：Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradioalittle,please?请问你介意把收音机音量调小一点吗？Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissedbeingcaught.松鼠刚幸运地躲过了捕捉。同步训练1. Icantimagine_thatwiththem. A. doB. todoC. beingdoneD. doing2. Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_theflower-linedgarde

15、n. A. visitB. payingavisitC. walkinD. walkingin在allow，advise，forbid，permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow/advise/forbid/permit名词/代词不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如 ：Wedontallowsmokinghere. Wedontallowanybodytosmokehere. 动词need，require，want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如：Thewindowneedsrequireswantscleaningtob

16、ecleaned. 在begin，continue，love，like，hate，prefer，intend，start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。注意：动词forget，goon，mean，regret，remember，stop，try，beusedto，canthelp后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大。同步训练：1.Letshavearest. Notnow. Idontwanttostop_yet. A. studyB. tostudyC. forstudyingD. studying2. Letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalist

17、s. Dontyouremember_methestoryyesterday？A. toldB. tellingC. totellD. tohavetold知识拓展：admitto；prefer.to；beusedto；leadto；be busy；lookforwardto，pay attention to（to 为介词）nogood；nouse；Itsworth.；aswellas；canthelpItsnouse/good+doing sth3.动名词作表语如：Thebestexerciseforyourhealthisswimming.Hisonlyhobbywassleeping.M

18、yjobisteachingEnglish.同步训练：Herjob is (take)careofthechildren.知识精练：1. tookalongtime.建长城花了很长的时间.（动名词作主语）2. (walk)and (cycle)inGuilinisalsogreatfun.在桂林步行和骑自行车也很有乐趣.（动名词作主语）3.ThePeakinHongKongisagreatplacefor (walk).香港的太平山顶是散步的好地方.（作宾语）4.Mymotherenjoys (go)tothemovies.我妈妈喜欢看电影.（作宾语）5.Hehasntfinished (re

19、ad)theinterestingbook.他还没有读完那本有趣的书.(作宾语)巩固训练：1. 早睡早起对我们的身体有益Goingtobedearlyand earlyisgoodforourhealth.2.在太阳底下看书对我们的眼睛有害. inthesunisbadforoureyes.3.工人们准时完成”鸟巢”的建造.Theworkersfinished (build)theBirdsnestontime.4.大多数中国人喜欢观看2008年奥运会.MostChinesepeopleenjoy (watch)the2008Olympicgames.5.邮票是用来寄信的Stampsareus

20、edfor (send)letters.6.我永远忘不了见到他的那天。Ishallneverforget (meet)himthatday.7.铃响时，你们必须停止说话。Youmuststop (talk)whenthebellrings.8.他指望这次得金牌。Heislookingforwardto (win)agoldmedalthistime.9.我认为世界之窗很值得一去。IthinktheWindowoftheWorldisreallyworth (visit).10.他习惯住在南方。Heisusedto (live)inthesouth.11.我爸爸每天晚上忙于工作。Hisfathe

21、risbusywith (work)everynight.被动语态：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用被、受、给等词来表示被动意义。如：Heopenedthedoor.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态）Thedoorwasopened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）一 被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do为例）结构：主语+be+过去分词时态：1. 一般现在时：am(is,are)done.2.带情态动词的被动语态：must(can,may,should,need,would)bedone

22、3. 一般过去时：was(were)done4.一般将来时：will(shall)bedone5.现在进行时：am(is,are)beingdone6.现在完成时：have(has)beendone例：Heopenedthedoor.他开了门。(主动句)Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。(被动句)二 被动语态的用法：1. 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。如 ：Thisbookwaspublishedin1981.（publish出版）这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者）2. 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。如 ：ThewindowwasbrokenbyMik

23、e.窗户是迈克打破的。ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuxun.这本书是鲁迅写的。三 主动语态变被动语态的方法：1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2.把谓语变成被动结构(be过去分词)3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。如 ：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。四 含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由

24、“情态动词be过去分词”构成。Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Wemustfinishthisworksoon.Thisworkmustbefinishedsoon.五 主动变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.1.时态保持一致。Irepairedmycomputer.Mycomputerwasrepaired.2.谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。Hisbestfriendoftenlooksafterhim.Heisoftenlookedafterbyhisbestfriend.3. 主

25、动语态中若有双宾语,将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变Lindagavemeabook.IwasgivenabookbyLinda./AbookwasgiventomebyLinda.4.主动语态句中动词make,have,let(使sb.做sth.),see.watch,lookat,hear,listento,feel等变成被动语态时，后面的不定式需要加上to.Mr.Leemadehimwashthedishes.Hewasmadetowashthedishes.5. 有些动词不能用于被动语态，如： takeplace/happen/cometrue/breakout/belo

26、ngto等。Allyourdreamswillcometrueifyoutryyourbest.6. 感官动词不用于被动语态，如 look/sound/smell/taste等。如 ：Theflowerssmellsweet.强化练习：1. ThePeoplesRepublicofChina onOctober1,1949.A. foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound2. English inCanada.A. speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken3. ThisEnglishsong bythegirlsafter

27、class.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung4. Thiskindofcar inJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade5. Newcomputers allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused6. Ourroommust clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep7. -Idliketobuythatcoat.-Imsorry. .A.itsoldB.itssellingC.Itsbeensol

28、dD.ithadbeensold8. Anewhouse atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding9. Thekey onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft10.Doctors ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed综合练习题：一 单项选择题i选出与划线部分意思相同的一项。1.Theysetoffbeforethesuncom

29、esoutA.startedoffB.startedinC.gotupD.gotdown2.Youmustaskpermissionifyouwanttoleave.A.directionB.tobeallowedC.toallowD.totalk3.Awell-dressedladyenteredtheclassroom.A.wholookshappyB.whoiswearingniceclothingC.whowasasweetsmileD.whoisdressingherself4.Teacherremindedstudentsoftheimportanttest.A.comparest

30、udentstoB.warnstudentsaboutC.dependstudentsonD.providestudentswith5.Heoftenexercisestokeepfit.A.keephealthyB.keephealthC.keepdoingD.keepfromdoingii选出最佳答案。6.Thekidsoffered_thedishes.A.doB.todoC.doingD.does7.Weare_moneyforcharity.A.puttingB.givingC.risingD.raising8.Inordertochangeattitudes_employingwo

31、men,thegovernmentisbringinginnewlaws.AaboutBofCtowardsDon9.She_agoodimpression on his mother.AgaveBmadeCgotDhad10._ismyfavoritesport.APlayfootballBPlaysfootballCPlayedfootballDPlayingfootball11. -Yourclassroomisreallybrightandclean.-It_afterschooleveryday.A.iscleanedB.cleanedC.wascleanedD.cleans12.

32、Today,theforestshavealmostgone;wemuststoppeople_downtomanytrees.A.tocutB.cutC.fromcuttingD.fromcut13-WishyougoodluckinthisEnglishexam.-_AThatsOKBThankyouCCongratulationsDYourewelcome14.-Thewoodlooksverynice.Whatsitmade_?-Wood,anditismade_Shanghai.A. from;inB.of;inC.from;byD.of;by15.Timusedto_sportsu

33、ntilhehurthislegsinanaccident.A.loveB.lovesC.lovingD.loved16.-TheT-shirtlooksniceonyou!Howmuchdoesit_?-Ijust_tendollarsforit.A.take,affordB.cost,paidC.cost,spentD.cost,cost17.MrWhiledoesnthaveanysonsordaughters,soheoftenfeels_.AlonelyBhappyCsorryDexcited.18.Illneverforget_herdanceforthefirsttimelast

34、year.AtoseeBseeCseeingDseen19. Whatdidyourteachersayinthemorning?-Shetoldus_makefacesinclass.AtonotBnottoCdonotDdidnt20.UncleWangusedto_anewspaperathomeaftersupper.Butnowheisusedto_outforawalk.A.read;goB.reading;goC.reading;goingD.read;going二语法填空：Mr Huang worked 16 a senior employee of a small facto

35、ry in Shenzhen. One winter, he 17 (offer) a job as a manager in a medium company. But the problem was that it was in Guangzhou 18 not in Shenzhen. After 19 (talk) about the problem with his wife for a long time, Mr Huang decided 20 (move) to Guangzhou. Several days later, Mr and Mrs huang told that

36、to their son, Tongwen. Tongwen was very 21 (surprise) and felt low. When the day came, Mr and Mrs Huang couldnt find Tongwen anywhere. In fact, Tongwen went to 22 best friend, Junming. Junming had a long talk 23 Tongwen. He said everyone should value the days with parents. Besides, Tongwen was told

37、to make new friends in Guangzhou. Tongwen returned home 24 (final). He said 25 to his parents.16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 三 完形填空：NINE-YEAR-OLD Barack Obama was looking through a magazine. But the African-American 26 was shocked by a series of photos. The pictures were about a black man w

38、ho damaged his skin with chemicals that promised to make him white. For the first time, the boy began to doubt who he was. “I stood 27 the mirror (镜子) and wondered if something was wrong with me,” Obama said.Obamas 28 started in opposite corners of the world. His white mother was born in the centre

39、of the US. His black father 29 in a small village in Kenya. They met during college in Hawaii, but his father left the family when Obama was just two years old and his mother moved to Indonesia.At 10, Obama moved back to live with his white grandparents in Hawaii. At his class, a white boy asked Oba

40、ma 30 his father ate people. Without hesitation, Obama 31 his classmates that his father was a prince. “I kept asking who I am” Obama recalled.Things came to change 32 the young man made friends with those with a similar background at college. Their experiences helped Obama to finally face up to his

41、 33 origin （血统）.He worked hard to become a lawyer at Harvard Law School.Obama turned his pain of growing up into a tool to make Americans 34 : “There is not a white America and a black America, an Asian America. Theres the United States of America.”“Obamas success has made Martin Luther Kings dream

42、come true. That is: A man should not be judged (判断) by the 35 of his skin, but by the content of his character,” wrote ABC news. ( )26. A.girl B.boy C.man D.woman ( )27. A.in the front of B.behind C.beside D.in front of ( )28. A.success B.event C.story D.achievement ( )29. A.grew up B.grew on C.grew

43、 apart D.grew from ( )30. A.when B.if C.who D.that ( )31. A.came to B.laughed to C.spoke to D.lied to ( )32. A.whether B.once C.after D.before ( )33. A.European B.African C.American D.Asian( )34. A.believe B.worry C.promise D.imagine ( )35. A.sense B.paint C.beauty D.color 四 用所给词的正确形式或首字母提示填空：1.Ther

44、ewasafireinthebuilding,butluckilynoonewas (hurt).2.Herfatheris (serious)illinthehospital.3.Hespokeslowlyandhaddifficulty (express)himselfclearly.4.Hewasexcitedand (joy)atthesuccess.5.Marydidntcometoschoolbecauseofher (ill).6.Helosthisarmsinanaccidentandbecame (able).7.MymotherandIwillcontinue (visit)Vivian.8.Hefounditverydifficult (get)tosleep.9.Isawhim (come)downstairsjustnow.10.Theteachermadeus (do)Exercise1.11.Imetmyold