初一专题复习代词

1、初一专题复习 代词 代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。1、 代词分类【知识结构图】 主格 人称代词 宾格 形容词性物主代词物主代词 名词性物主代词 反身代词代词 指示代词 不定代词 疑问代词 关系代词 it的特殊用法、易混代词辨析数人称代词物主代词人称主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词单数第一人称我Ime myminemyself第二人称你you youyouryoursyourself第三人称他hehimhishishimself她sheherherhersher

2、self它itititsitsitself复数第一人称我们weusouroursourselves第二人称你们youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称他们、她们、它们theythemtheirtheirsthemselves2、 人称代词1.人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。 2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如： I like table tennis. （作主语） Do you know him?（作宾语）3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如：-Who is knocking at the door? -Its me.4.人称代词在than

3、之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如：He is older than me. He is older than I am. 5. it的用法作形式主语和形式宾语1) Its + adj. + (for/of sb) +to do sth. “对某人来说做某事”【例句观察】1）Its very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。2）Its very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。【归纳总结】for sb. 常用于表示_(人物/事物)的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如

4、easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等；of sb. 常用于一般用表示_(人物/事物)的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right, humorous ,stupid等。3）主语+ find (make/ think/ feel) + it (is ) + adj. + (for sb ) + to do sth主语+ found (made / thought/ felt) + it (was) + adj. + (for sb ) + to do sthe

5、.g.: Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line? =Do you think it is necessary to learn to wait in line?指婴儿或不明身份、性别的人Who is knocking at the door? Its me. Who is that man? It must be our headmaster. 拓展：one，that，it one用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数。其复数形式为ones。 Do you have a car? Yes, I have one. ones用来指代“同

6、名异物”的可数名词复数。Do you want a toy? Yes, I want new ones very much. that用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数或不可数名词。其复数形式为those，常用于含有比较级别的句子中。 The engine of your car is better than that of mine.it指代同一个人或物的可数名词单数或不可数名词。Do you like the red pen? Yes, I like it very much.【中考真题再现】 _is kind of him to give us a hand. A. That B. It

7、 C. You D. He2.I feel _ necessary to have sports every day. A. you B. that C. it D. it was2、指婴儿或不明身份、性别的人以及谈话的双方都知道的人和事。【中考真题再现】 1、Who is standing over there? _. A. Its me B. Its I C. I am D. I knock2、Who is that man? _ must be our headmaster. A. He B. It C. That D. Its3、指天气、时间或距离等。e.g.: 1) It is su

8、nny today. Lets go out for a walk.2) Its eight oclock now. Its time for class. 3）Its ten kilometers from my home to school.课堂练习1. _ is my aunt. We often visit _. 2. China is a developing country. _ lies in the east of Asia. 3. 3. Professor Wang sets _ a good example. We must learn from _. 4. What da

9、y is _ today? _ is Thursday. 5.I own a blue bike. The red one doesnt belong to _. 二、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。1. This is（my / I）mother.2. Nice to meet （your / you）.3. （He / His）name is Mark.4. Whats（she / her）name?5. Excuse（me / my / I）.6. Are（your / you）Miss Li?7. （I/ My）am Ben.8. （She / Her）is my sister.

10、9. Fine , thank （your / you）.10. How old is （he / his）二、物主代词1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示。数人称类别形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称mymine第二人称youryours单数第三人称hishisherhersitsits复数第一人称ourours第二人称youryours第三人称theirtheirs2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如： Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-b

11、ox.3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语） - Is this English-book yours?（作表语） Ive already finished my homework. Have you finished yours?（作宾语）课堂练习一、适当的人称和物主代词专练1.你 I dont know whats _ name, can _tell me? Look at that picture. Is that _ and _ father ?2.我 These

12、are _boxes. _ put them over there. Jack and _ are good friends. _ English name is kitty.3.他 _ is an American boy and _ is a student. _mother is a Chinese woman, but _ father is an American man.4.她 I have a good friend. _ name is Lucy. _ is twelve. _ and I are in the same class. _ parrot is very nice

13、.5.它 What is _ name ? _ is MiMi. Whats seven plus six? _ is thirteen.6.你们 Are _ names Lucy and Lily?- Yes, we are. Are _ twins? -Yes,_ are right.7.我们 Are _ all here today? -No, _ monitor（班长） is not here. This is _ Japanese teacher. _ like her very much.8.他们 Are _ _ buses?No, _ arent. _ buses are ove

14、r there.9.凯特（Celt） They are _ father and mother.10.哥哥(brother) My _ name is Jim. Do you know my _?二、填入正确的人称代词和物主代词1. This isnt her knife. _ is green.2. These are your books，Kate. Put _ in the desk，please.3. They want a football. Give _ the green one，please.4. _ is a boy. _ name is Mike. Mikes friend

15、s like _ very much.5. My father and mother are teachers. _ are busy. 6.You are a pupil. Is _ brother a pupil, too? 7. Mary works in a book store._likes_work very much.8.John and I are in the same school._go to school together.9.She is a friend of_ . We knew each other two years ago.10.I have many fr

16、iends. Some of_are good at English. 11.-May I use_bike? -Sorry，_is broken. 12. Dont put your school things here. Put _away. 13. We cant find our shoes. Can you help _?3、 反身代词1.反身代词的用法 英语中用来表示“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”，“我们自己”，“你们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。 反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。 1. 作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者

17、，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。 He called himself a writer. Would you please express yourself in English?2. 作表语。 It doesnt matter. Ill be myself soon. The girl in the news is myself. 3. 作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。 I myself washed the clothes.（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主语同位语）You should ask the teacher himself.（作宾语同位语

18、）2.常见含反身代词的习惯搭配for oneself 为自己；亲自come to oneself 恢复知觉to oneself 为单独所用；为单独所有devote oneself to 致力于of oneself 自动地enjoy oneself 过得快活，玩得高兴by oneself 独自地，单独地excuse oneself 为自己辩解in oneself 本身；本性explain oneself 说明自己的意图dress oneself 穿衣help oneself to 随便吃，随便用make yourself at home 不受拘束say to oneself 心里想seat on

19、eself 坐下talk/speak to oneself 自言自语teach oneself 自学between ourselves 你我两人之间课堂练习一选择题1. Those girls enjoyed _ in the party last night. A. them B. they C. themselves D. herself 2. Help _ to some fish, children. A. yourself B. your C. yours D. yourselves3. The film _ is very fun. A. its B. itself C. it D

20、. its 4. Who teaches _ math? I teach _. A. your, myself B. you, myself C. you, me D. you, herself 5. The father will make _ a bike _. A. her, himself B. she, himself C. her, herself D. she, herself 6. The scarf is _, she made it_. A. herself, her B. herself, hers C. hers, herself D. her, herself 7.

21、Liu Hulans death was great. She thought more of others than _. A. her B. she C. hers D. herself 8. Luckily, he didnt hurt _ terribly yesterday. A. him B. themselves C. himself D. they 9. I cant mend my shoe _. Can you mend it for ? A. myself, me B. myself, I C. me, I D. I, me10. I like watching in t

22、he mirror. A. me B. I C. my D. Myself4、 指示代词指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。 1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人 This is a pen and that is a pencil We are busy these days In those days the workers had a hard time2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物，例如：I had a cold. Th

23、ats why I didnt come. What I want to say is this; pronunciation is very important in learning English.3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai. 4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?课堂练习指示代词

24、包括：this, that , these, those1.this和these 一般用来指在时间或空间上较_(近、远)的事物或人； that 和those则指时间或空间上较_(近、远)的事物或人。2. 有时that 和those 指_的事物，this 和these 则是指下面将要讲到的事物。3.电话用语 通常用this指代自己，that指代对方4.代词one, it, that的用法辨析one指代同一类别中的另一个，用来代替可数名词单数，其复数形式为ones。it指代同一个人或物，代替单数可数名词或不可数名词。that指代同一类别中的另一个，可用来代替可数和不可数名词，指代可数名词时其复数为

25、those，通常用于含有比较级别的句子中。课堂练习1. _ pen is red. _ pencil is green.A. this, that B. These, Those C. That, Those D. This, That2. Is _ a panda over there?A. this B. That C. those D. these3. _two boys are Mr. Greens sons.A. This B. These C. That D. those4. _ two girls are Mary and Linda.A. This B. They C. Tha

26、t D. Those5. _is Mr. White and _ is my father.A. This, those B. That, these C. These, these D. This, this6. _ Tom, who _?A. I am, are you B. This is, is that C. I am, is that D. This is, are you 7. -Hello, _ Mr. Green? -Sorry, he is out. Please call him later.A. are you B. you are C. is that D. is t

27、his8. The population of China is much larger than _ of Russia. A. that B. this C. those D. it 9. What kind of house would you like? -Id like _with a garden in front of _. A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it10.Ive got several novels written by Mo Yan. You can borrow _ if you like. A. it B. on

28、e C. every D. Either5、 不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。现将几个常用的不定代词举例说明如下：1. some与any的区别1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接:不可数名词+单数动词； 可数名词+复数动词。 Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library. Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 2）any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接: 不可数名词+单数

29、动词； 可数名词+复数动词。 If you have any questions, please ask me. There isnt any orange in the bottle. Have you got any tea? 3）any和some也可以作代词用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑问句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。 How many people can you see in the picture? I cant see any. I f you have no money, Ill lend you some.【注意】与some, any结合的词如something,

30、somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别1）用作形容词： 含义 用法表示肯定表示否定用于可数名词a few虽少，但有几个few不多，几乎没有用于不可数名词a little，虽少，但有一点little不多，没有什么 Im going to buy a few apples. He can speak only a little Chinese. There is only a little mil

31、k in the glass. He has few friends. They had little money with them. 2）a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。 Im a little hungry. (修饰形容词hungry) Let him sleep a little. (修饰动词sleep) Mary, go a little faster, please. (修饰副词比较级) She slept very little last night.3. other, the other, anothe

32、r, others, the others的区别。用 法代词形容词单数复数单数复数不定another另一个others别人，其他人another (boy)另一个（男孩）other (boys)其他男孩特定the other另一个the others其余那些人、物the other (boy)另一个男孩the other (boys)其余那些男孩1） other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别的”。 Where are his other books? I havent any other books except this one. 2）other也可以用作代词，

33、与冠词the连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ., the other .”句型。 He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other. 3）other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ., others .” Some went to the cinema, other

34、s went swimming. This coat is too large. Show me some others, please. 4）“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。 We got home by 4 oclock, but the others didnt get back until 8 oclock. In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one. You can see another ship

35、in the sea, cant you? Mary doesnt want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one? 6）another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”。 Im still hungry after Ive had this cake. Please give me another.4. every与each的区别。eachevery1)可单独使用1)不可单独使用 2)可做代词、形容词2)仅作形容词3)着重“个别”3)着重“全体”，毫无例外4)用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人或物4)用于三者或三者以上每一个

36、人或物 every“每一个”，强调共性，后面始终是单数形式，在句中只能作定语。Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher. each“每个”，强调个别性。可用于of之前或放在主语之后。 We each have a room of our own. Each of us has an apple. 5. all和both的用法。1）all指三者以上，或不可数的东西。谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用作复数。在句中作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语。 All of us like Mr

37、 Pope. 我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语）= We all like Mr Pope. (作同位语) All the water has been used up. (作主语) Thats all for today. (作表语) Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作宾语) All the leaders are here. (作定语) 2）both作代词。与其他名词或代词并列出现，表示“两个都”。 Lucy and Lily both agree with us. They both passed on their sticks at the same t

38、ime. How are your parents? Theyre both fine. 与“of +代词（或名词）”连用，表示“两者都”。 Both of them came to see Mary. Both of the books are very interesting. 单独使用，表示“两者（都）”。 Michael has two sons. Both are clever. I dont know which book is the better, I shall read both. 3）both用作形容词，放在名词之前，修饰该名词，表示“两者都”。 Both his you

39、nger sisters are our classmates. There are tall trees on both sides of the street.6. neither,either与none neither指两者都不,可跟of。neither常构成neither.nor 注意：“neither of +复数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词可用单数或复数 Neither of the book is/ are interesting. either两者之一，与单数连用，常构成either.or none(三者或以上)无任何人或东西，回答时可单独使用。例题精讲：1 We will

40、have two family parties this autumn.One is at Halloween and is at Thanksgiving.A. other B. the otherC. another D. the others1B【解析】试题分析：句意: 今年秋天我们要举行两次家庭聚会。一个在万圣节，另一个在感恩节。B. the other表示两个当中另外一个，据句意，故选B。考点：考查代词。2We will have two family parties this autumn. One is at Halloween and is at Thanksgiving.A.

41、 other B. the otherC. another D. the others2B【解析】试题分析：句意:这个秋天我们举行了两次家庭聚会，一次是万圣节的时候，另一次是感恩节的时候。两个事物的时候，一个one，另外一个用the other。故选B。考点：考查代词。3A smile costs _, but gives so much.A. somethingB. anythingC. nothingD. Everything3C【解析】试题分析：句意为：一个微笑不值钱，但是包容很多。Something：一些东西， anything：任何东西， nothing：没有东西， everythi

42、ng：所有东西，一起。根据语境可知，句子存在转折关系，后半句是肯定的，前半句应表达否定意义，结合选项可知应选C。考点：考查不定代词。4 Tom, supper is ready.I dont want to eat_ , Mum. Im not feeling well.A. anything B. everythingC. something D. Nothing4A【解析】试题分析：句意：汤姆，晚饭准备好了。妈妈，我不想吃任何东西，我感觉不舒服。这四个单词后面跟谓语动词时，都用动词的第三人称单数表示。anything一般用于否定句和疑问句中；something则用在肯定句中。everyth

43、ing以单数形式表达所有的概念；nothing则表示什么都没有。结合句意，故选A。考点：考查代词的用法。5 -Is there _ in todays newspaper?-Yes. Germany beat Argentina 1-0 to make history of winning World Cup in America.A. anything newB. new anythingC. something newD. new something5A【解析】试题分析：句意:-今天的报纸上有什么新鲜的事情吗？-是的，德国1比0击败阿根廷创造了历史，成为为了世界杯冠军。anything 任

44、何事，用在否定句或疑问句中；something 某事，用在肯定句中。修饰不定代词的形容词应该放在他们的后面。根据句意可知选A。考点：考查不定代词。考点：考查代词的辨析6Mum, can I have something_?Oh, dear. You can only drink some water. There is_ in the kitchen.A. to drink; nothing else B. drinking; something elseC. to eat; something else D. eating; nothing else6A【解析】试题分析：句意：-妈妈，我能喝

45、一些东西吗？-噢，亲爱的。你只能喝一些水了。在厨房里没有其它东西了。分析：联系答语，你只能喝一些水了。推断出对方想要喝一些东西；联系答语的前文，只能喝水，明确没有其它饮品了，同时考查形容词要放在不定代词的后面。故选 A考点：考查词义的用法。课堂练习1Daniel was _ a bad mood and didnt talk to_ .A. on; something B. with; anybodyC. in; anybody D. in; somebody2 What would you like to drink, milk or juice? _ . Id like some wate

46、r.A. All B. EitherC. Neither D. Both3I dont want to eat_ today. Im not feeling well.A. nothing B. everythingC. somethingD. anything4Wait a moment, I have _ to tell you.A. important something B. something importantC. anything important D. important anything5 - Jack, is there _ in todays newspaper? -

47、No, nothing.A. important something B. something importantC. important anything D. anything important6 Youd better not(最好不) read todays newspaper because there is _ in it.A. nothing special B. anything newC. everything important D. something interesting7There is in todays newspaper. Lets read a story

48、book.A. something interesting B. nothing interestingC. interesting something D. interesting nothing8 -It rains heavily this morning.Is everyone here today?-Yes._of us is late for school.A. None B.Both C.Either D. All6、 专题练习 完型填空 Cinderella lives with a very mean （冷酷的） family. She has to do all the h

49、ousework. She makes the beds. She does the dishes. She 26 the meals. She even takes 27 the garbage （垃圾）.One day the family goes to a 28 at the princes palace （皇宫）. Cinderella is 29 . She says, “I want to go and dance, too! ”Suddenly a fairy princess comes and says, “I can 30 you. ” She gives Cindere

50、lla a party dress and a pair of glass 31 . Then she says, “Come home early. My magic ends at midnight. Im just learning this job. ”Cinderella goes to the party and 32 with the prince. She forgets about 33 . Then she sees a clock. It is almost midnight. Cinderella 34 home, but she loses one of her glass shoes on the way.The