高三英语阅读理解猜词技巧[]20631PPT学习教案

1、会计学1高三英语阅读理解猜词技巧高三英语阅读理解猜词技巧20631设问特点：设问特点：1、从原文中找、从原文中找单词，短语或句子单词，短语或句子设问。设问。2、所问词或句与该词该句、所问词或句与该词该句常见意思不同常见意思不同，无法望文生义无法望文生义,只有在具体的只有在具体的上下文上下文中才可判中才可判断准确。断准确。3、所考单词有的是、所考单词有的是生词生词，有的是，有的是旧词新意旧词新意。4、正确选项的特征是放在原文不仅单句合、正确选项的特征是放在原文不仅单句合理，全文也合理。理，全文也合理。5、错误选项或是、错误选项或是字面意思字面意思，或是，或是故意胡说故意胡说。第1页/共61页 第

2、2页/共61页词义理解题常见的题型有词义理解题常见的题型有:1. The word “” refers to / probably means/ could best be replaced by _. 2. What do you think the expression “” stands for? 3. The underlined sentence “” means _.第3页/共61页How do you deal with the unfamiliar words or phrases while reading?Ignore them and continue readingLo

3、ok them up in the dictionaryGuess the meaning 第4页/共61页1.He would _ the gold from his grandma.2. Unlike his brother, Hobart is quite 2. Unlike his brother, Hobart is quite _._.How to guess the missing words?Harvey is a thief: he would _ the gold from his grandma and not feel guilty.stealUnlike his br

4、other, who is truly a handsome person, Hobart is quite _.ordinary-lookingplain/homely第5页/共61页an area( that-own) 动物地盘动物地盘2. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. The underlined word means_.A.strong B. determined C. kind D. clever定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义

5、或解释定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义或解释第6页/共61页技巧归纳技巧归纳1:1: Use _Use _利用利用_definition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义定义或解释猜测词义mean, refer to, be called, be known as ,can be defined as, in other words, that is , that is to say, namely，be called，be identified as，to put it differently 括号括号,引号引号,破折号，破折号，定语从句定语从句.etc.第7页/共61页P

6、runingPruning is important because it is important because it encourages the growth of tender encourages the growth of tender shoots(shoots(嫩芽）嫩芽）, or young leaves of trees., or young leaves of trees.The word The word “pruningpruning” means_ means_A. Regular cutting of the plantsA. Regular cutting o

7、f the plantsB. Frequent wateringB. Frequent wateringC. Regular use of chemicalsC. Regular use of chemicalsD. Growing the plants high in the D. Growing the plants high in the mountainmountain技巧归纳技巧归纳 2 2 ：Using_Using_ 根据根据_common sense or experience普通常识和经验普通常识和经验第8页/共61页技巧归纳3: 利用_ from_2.The period o

8、f adolescence, the period between childhood and adulthood ,may be long or short. A 少儿期少儿期 B 幼儿期幼儿期 C 青春期青春期 D 成人成人期同义同义/同位语同位语similarity/appositive1. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today “ocelot” means _an endangered wild cat 第9页/共61页The largest player Shan

9、ghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices, such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favorite of the tourists. The underlined words used in the text refer to _.A. cars in the making B. car rental firms C. cars for rent D. car makers 技巧归

10、纳技巧归纳4: 利用利用_举例举例 from examplesSignal words：for example ，for instance，such as ，like，as，etc.第10页/共61页技巧归纳技巧归纳5：利用利用_From_1. The snow was falling. Big flakes drifted(飘飘） with the wind like feathers.2. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy person who does not like to go to parties or make new fri

11、ends. 雪花，雪片雪花，雪片爱交际的爱交际的比较或对比比较或对比 comparison or contrastSignal words: as, like, the same as，unlike, but，however, on the contrary, while,insteadect.第11页/共61页技巧归纳技巧归纳6: 利用利用_ From_(1)Overwork may cause diseases.over（过分的、过量的）（过分的、过量的）workoverwork“工工作过度作过度”。(2)There was a dissatisfied look in the manag

12、ers eyes.dis “不不” + satisfied“满意的满意的=dissatisfied “不不满意的满意的”。构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）Word formation第12页/共61页Compounding ConversionDerivationprefixsuffix第13页/共61页 表否定 un-, non-, in-, dis- 表相反表相反 un-, de-, dis-, counter- 错误失当错误失当 mis-, mal-, pseudo- 表向背表向背 pro-, anti- 表程度表程度 arch-, super-, u

13、ltra- , over-, under-, mini-, semi- , 表时间表时间 pre, fore-, post- 表方位表方位 sub-, inter-, trans- prefixdecontrol transplant counterattack解除控制 移植 反击 第14页/共61页suffix-able （能（能的）的）-less （无，不）（无，不）-wards （ 向）向）-ship （身份；资格；权力；（身份；资格；权力；性质）性质）-some （ 易于易于的）的）-hood （状态；性质；时期）（状态；性质；时期）-ish （如（如的；有点儿的；有点儿的）的）-pr

14、oof (防防的；不能穿透的）的；不能穿透的）-scape （景）（景）-most (最最的）的）waterproof streetscape innermost speechless第15页/共61页joy, but share the undeniablelonging for recovery and hope. (2010深一模深一模)Derivation小尺寸的;较矮小的;超自然的风景不可否认的第16页/共61页Compounding 谁都不知是什么地方第17页/共61页Conversionv.v.n.n.发言，发表意见发言，发表意见n.n.v. v. 倚靠倚靠第18页/共61页1.

15、 Is he intelligent or stupid? 2.Most women in Ghana- the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known an

16、d well deserved.The underlined word “illiterate” in the passage means _. A. Repeated B. reiterated. C uneducated D. sickclever技巧归纳技巧归纳7: 利用利用_ From_同义词或反义词的关系猜词。同义词或反义词的关系猜词。 Synonym or Antonym.第19页/共61页B技巧归纳技巧归纳8： 利用利用_ From _原因与结果关系猜词原因与结果关系猜词from Cause and ResultSignal words: because, so, so that

17、hence, thereforeAs a result, assince, for, thus第20页/共61页 The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest技巧归纳技巧归纳9: Use_ 利用利用_worked as an engineer.context or related information上下文的语境上下文的语境第21页/共61页利用上下文利用上下文熟词新

18、义熟词新义生活常识生活常识找信息词找信息词指代关系指代关系第22页/共61页1. When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life?2. The mayor made an address to the citizens at the meeting yesterday. imaginespeech第23页/共61页A. cleaning up B. taking in C. wiping out D. giving out第24页/共61

19、页back on” most probably mean _.A. leave for B. return to C. give up D. rely on 第25页/共61页seek help第26页/共61页transport this ,that, it, them, onethis ,that, it, them, one等代词指代内容一般等代词指代内容一般是在此词的前面是在此词的前面, ,理解上下文特别是上句的意理解上下文特别是上句的意识和本句的意思是解题的关键识和本句的意思是解题的关键. .第27页/共61页9.利用上下文的语境上下文的语境第28页/共61页More practic

20、e.Finish Exx.1 to 10 , then discuss the answers with your group. 第29页/共61页1 .A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont understand something, they say so.The word “audience” in the par

21、agraph means _.A.students B. people who watch a play C. people who act on the stage D. people who listen to something常识常识 teacher-students第30页/共61页 2. When some kind of pain killer(止痛药）止痛药） was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the pr

22、oduct look weak and ineffective（无效的）（无效的）.The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” means that the colours_A. Attracted the customers stronglyB. Had weak effects on the customersC. Tricked the customers into shoppingD. Caused the customers to lose interest D因果关系因果关系because第31页/共61页

23、3. Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the trip were many, for example, the unbearable heat , the possibility of getting lost , the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes . “hazard” means _A. pleasure, B. problem, C. danger, D. attractionC举例举例for example第32页/共61页 4. In a

24、 culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or societyThe underlined phrase “the most vocal” means_A. Those who try their bes

25、t to winB. Those who value competition most highlyC. Those who are against competition most stronglyD. Those who rely on others most for successC上下文语境context or related information第33页/共61页 5. Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families

26、 known to thema form of favoritism will replace equality. The word “favoritism is used to describe the phenomenon that _. A. bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs B. children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs C. poor children with certificates are favored in

27、job markets D. children attending ordinary schools achieve great success 破折号（定义或同位语）破折号（定义或同位语）第34页/共61页6 . Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence. That is to say, if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. “Object permanence” means that whe

28、n out of sight, an object _A. Still exists B. keeps its shapeC. Still stays solid D. is beyond reachA1.定义definitionthat is to say 也就是说2.构词法permanentpermanence第35页/共61页7. A childs birthday party doesnt have to be a hassle; instead, it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mo

29、ther of two, ages 4 and 18 months. What does the underlined word hassle“ probably mean? A. a party designed by specialists B. a plan requiring careful thought C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a demand made by guests 比较比较comparison(instead相反相反,反而反而)第36页/共61页8. William Shakespeare said.

30、 “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and ill together.” The underlined word “mingled” most probably means .Asimple Bmixed Csad DhappyBdefinition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义定义或解释猜测词义第37页/共61页 对比对比contrast normalbut-unusual第38页/共61页构词法及下文解释构词法及下文解释opportunity-ist第39页/共61页第40页/共61页11. He ha

31、d been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated.Get worse12.The animal with the longevity is the giant land tortoise which can live several hundreds years. 长寿长寿13. They are vertebrates, that is, animals have backbones.文中“vertebrates”的意思是_脊椎动物脊椎动物第41页/共61页14. She did not hear wh

32、at you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.concentrate/focus her attention on15. But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought.A long period of shortage of rainfall第42页/共61页16. Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-s

33、ex schools? co（共同的）（共同的）-education-al 男女同校教育的男女同校教育的 country第43页/共61页Ex2: “The Dave you saw on TV was the real Dave,” says friend Pat Williams, “He wasnt a great actor or a great speaker. He was just Joe Everybody.” 74. “He was just Joe Everybody.” ( in the last paragraph) means _. A. Dave was famou

34、s B. Dave was ordinary C. Dave was showy D. Dave was shy 第44页/共61页Ex3: And if youve gathered your friends around you to rebuild a happy family atmosphere(气氛气氛), you may fear that saying no will bring back the kind of conflict you grew up with-or destroy the nice atmosphere you now enjoy The underlin

35、ed word conflict means _.A.dependent lifeB. fierce fight C. bad manners D. painful feeling 第45页/共61页Ex.4: Provide incentive. Tell your children the importance of saving. “For every dollar he or she agrees to save and invest rather than spend, you agree to add another dollar to the pot,” says Cathy Pareto, expert in money planning. The underlined word “inc