河北衡水学霸耗分练高考复习耗点、耗题、耗分课件：专题11名词性从句2

1、第一部分语法知识及运用专题11名词性从句撬点基础点重难点基础点在句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句(Object Clause)0宾语从句可分为三类：动词后的宾语从句、介 词后的宾语从句、形容词后的宾语从句。1宾语从句的连接词连接词的类型所作句子成分连接词that不作句子成分，只起连接作用ifwhether连接 代 in)who (ever)主语、宾语、表语whom(cvcr)宾语whose定语what (ever)主语、宾语、表语、定语which (ever)主语、宾语、衣谦、定语连 接 副 诃when时间状语where地点状语why原因状语how方式状语I think (that) you

2、should turn to the teacher for help. 我认为你应该向老师求助。I wonder whether/if it is true.我想知道它是否是真的。I wonder what I can do for you.我不知道能为你做些什么。He didnt tell me when we would meet again.他没告诉我什么时候我们再相见。Could you please show me how you operate the machine? 你能给我展示一下如何操作这台机器吗？I dont know whom you should depend on

3、.我不知道你该信任谁。典例 1 Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.解析句意：杰瑞不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式来表达的。从句that he could have expressed it differently作felt的宾语，连接词that在从句中不作成分。故填thato加特别提醒that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：当that从句作介词的宾语时；动词后跟 有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that

4、可以省略，引导第二个和以后几个从句的that不可省略； 宾语从句前有插入语时；that引导的从句位于句首时。I know nothing about him except that he is from the countryside.除了他来自乡下以外，我对他一无所知。He said 伽）he liked rain very much and that he wouldnt use an umbrella when it was raining. 他说他非常喜欢雨，下雨天他都不愿打伞。We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home wi

5、th us.恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们待在家里。That our team will win, I believe.我相信我们队会贏。一般来说，能引导主语从句的连接词都能引导宾语从句。表疑问的宾语从句需要运用陈述句语序，但个别宾语从句本应运用陈述语序，但由于习惯而仍保持原 疑问语序不变。I dont know what is the matter with the machine.我不知道这台机器怎么了。2动词后接宾语从句的用法(1) 大多数及物动词及动词短语后可接宾语从句。We should keep in mind that there is no short cut to learnin

6、g.我们应当牢记，学习是没有捷径的。1(2) 用it作形式宾语的宾语从句。一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。常 见的这类动词有：find发现feel感觉think认为consider 考虑 believe 相信 guess 猜测 suppose假定，设想make使得I think it necessary that we drink plenty of boiled water every day.我认为我们每天喝大量开水是有必要的。The teacher made it a rule that all the cleaning sho

7、uld be finished before 7: 30 every morning. 老师规定每天早晨7： 30之前所有的清扫工作必须结束。(3) 动词hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜欢”，“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to, depend on, rely on等常用if作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。I hate it_when they talk with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。I would 叩preciate itjf you can help me. 如果你能帮助

8、我，我将不胜感激。典例 2 You can always rely on w*lat Jack says, as he never tells a lie.解析句意：你完全可以相信杰克的话，因为他从不说谎。w血引导宾语从句作rely on的宾语，whal 在从句中作says的宾语。3介词后接宾语从句的用法(1) 一般情况下介词后只能接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。Hell talk to us about what he saw in the USA.他将给我们讲述他在美国的见闻。whaf典例 3When she was awake, she found that she was standi

9、ng onseemed to be a piece of stone.解析句意：当她醒来时，她发现自己好像正站在一块石头上。stand on后接宾语从句，宾语从句缺少 引导词和主语，whaf在宾语从句中作主语，血U引导的从句一般不作介词宾语。故填whato(2) in, but, except等少数几个介词后可接由that引导的宾语从句，但此时介词和that B形成固定搭配, 即 in that 因为,but that 要不是,except that 除 了。The high income tax is harmful in_that it may discourage people from

10、 trying to earn more.所得税很高是有害的，因为它可能使人不愿意多赚钱。He would have failed binhat you helped him.若不是你帮助他，他会失败的。(butthat意为“若不是，要不是”)4形容词后接宾语从句的用法(1)表示情感的形容词后可接宾语从句,如：afraid, certain, glad, pleased, sure, surprised, sorry, happy, confident, anxious, aware, convinced, deteimined, proud, worried, thankful, asham

11、ed, annoyed, disappointed, hurt, content 等。Im very pleased that all of your family will come.我很高兴你们全家都会来。Im sure that theyll make it in spite of the terrible weather.我确信尽管天气很不好，但他们会准时到达的。(2)sure后宾语从句的连接词that, whether, if的选择。当be sure用于肯定句时，其后的宾语从句的连接词常用that；当be sure用于否定句时，其后的宾语从 句的连接词常用whether或if。IAr

12、e you sure that I wont bother you if I sit beside you?你确定我坐在你旁边不会打扰你吗？I am not sure whether I should write to him or not.我不确定要不要给他写信。重难点1宾语从句的时态(1)主句的谓语动词如果是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态。He says that he studies at school from Monday to Friday他说他从周一至周五都在学校学习。He will tell us whaf happened to him durin

13、g our absence. 他会告诉我们我们不在的期间他出了什么事的。(2)主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态。The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday afternoon. 那个男孩说周日下午没有课。My Chinese teacher asked me if I was reading the book Red and Black when he came in. 我的语文老师问我他进来时我是否在读红与黑这本书。(3) 如果从句表示客观事实或真理，不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态，从句都要用一般现在时。As

14、 a child, I was told that the moon has no light of its own. I didnt believe it.孩提时，人们告诉我月亮自身不会发光，我不相信。卜特别提醒学习宾语从句的时态的有关知识时要注意：若主句的谓语动词用一般现在时，从句的谓语动词须根据 需要选用相应的时态；若主句的谓语动词用一般过去时，则从句的谓语动词也应用过去的某种时态(一般过 去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时)；若从句的内容为客观事实、格言、谚语、真理等，从句的 谓语动词的时态不受动词时态一致性原则的限制，仍然用一般现在时；若从句的内容为历史事实，从句的 谓语动词用

15、一般过去时。2宾语从句的否定转移主句主语是第一人称，谓语动词think, believe, suppose, imagine, guess等后面的宾语从句中的否定词 要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定形式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。I dont_think I can remember the 100 words within two hours.我想我不能在两小时内记住这100个单词。I doiTt_s叩pose that he likes iL我想他不喜欢它。(2)含有否定转移的句子变反意疑问句时有两种情况：若主句主语是第一人称，简短问句的主语和谓语 应分别与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持

16、一致；若主句主语不是第一人称，简短问句的主语和谓语应分别与主 句的主语和谓语保持一致。I dontjhink (that) he is interested in that thing, is he? 我认为他对那件事不感兴趣，是吗？You dontjmagine he passed the exam, do you?你认为他没有通过这次考试，是吗？UIdontthinkbelieve/suppose/expectso.”是常见的表达，但是没有UI donthope/guess so，正确的表达应 为“I hope/guess not.。G 撬法命题法 解题法张考法综述考查宾语从句主要集中在对

17、引导宾语从句的各引导词的考查上，以及it作形式宾语的 宾语从句的考查。命题法考查宾语从句的引导词典例 1 I truly believe 山寅 beauty comes from within.解析句意：我真的相信美是发自内心的。分析句子结构可知，beauty comes from within在句中作believe的宾语，是宾语从句，不缺少句子成分，故填that。典例 2 As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly what thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the