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1、返回目录返回目录考情分析考情分析【考纲解读考纲解读】语法填空是考查语法填空是考查“词法与句法知识词法与句法知识”的项目。词法部的项目。词法部分侧重考查动词时态及语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、冠分侧重考查动词时态及语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、冠词、代词、并列连词、形容词与副词、介词等;词、代词、并列连词、形容词与副词、介词等; 句法部分句法部分侧重考查定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、虚拟语气、侧重考查定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、虚拟语气、强调句型、倒装、省略句等。试题本着强调句型、倒装、省略句等。试题本着“突出语境、重在突出语境、重在运用、符合表达、体现能力运用、符合表达、体现能力”的原则,强

2、调语法知识在具的原则,强调语法知识在具体语境中的运用,因此掌握一定的文化背景、揣摩说话人体语境中的运用,因此掌握一定的文化背景、揣摩说话人的意图成了解决语法填空的关键。的意图成了解决语法填空的关键。返回目录返回目录考情分析考情分析【命题透视命题透视】以下是广东省近以下是广东省近3 3年高考自主命题语法填空题考点分年高考自主命题语法填空题考点分布情况:布情况:返回目录返回目录题型探究题型探究 探究一语法型探究一语法型语法填空主要对所学的语法知识进行考查,既可能是语法填空主要对所学的语法知识进行考查,既可能是对语法概念理解和运用上的考查,也可能是对语法结构的对语法概念理解和运用上的考查,也可能是对

3、语法结构的考查。基本特点就是考查。基本特点就是“先语境后语法先语境后语法”。几乎所有的考题。几乎所有的考题都提供了一个微型语境,让考生根据讲话人所处的语言环都提供了一个微型语境,让考生根据讲话人所处的语言环境来选择答案。体现了高考试题境来选择答案。体现了高考试题“活用语法活用语法”的命题特点。的命题特点。要求考生对语言的把握要准确、透彻,解题过程中要领会要求考生对语言的把握要准确、透彻,解题过程中要领会语境中的内涵,因为这种类型题的答案往往隐藏在语境中。语境中的内涵,因为这种类型题的答案往往隐藏在语境中。返回目录返回目录题型探究题型探究例例1 After school we went to t

4、he reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it _Awas decorated Bhad decorated Chad been decorating Dwas being decorated解析解析 D考查动词的时态与语态。考查动词的时态与语态。reading room和和decorate之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态。之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态。B和和C是主是主动形式,故排除。题空处暗含一个时间状语:我们去动形式,故排除。题空处暗含一个时间状语:我们去阅览室的那段时间。表示过去某段时间正在进行的被阅览室的那段时间。表示

5、过去某段时间正在进行的被动动作,应用过去进行时的被动语态。动动作,应用过去进行时的被动语态。返回目录返回目录题型探究题型探究 探究二探究二习惯搭配型习惯搭配型习惯搭配题是对中学所学的词或词组的习惯用法和搭习惯搭配题是对中学所学的词或词组的习惯用法和搭配进行考查。在历届高考试题中,既有对一些固定的、不配进行考查。在历届高考试题中,既有对一些固定的、不能改变的习惯用语或搭配的考查,也有对一些搭配灵活、能改变的习惯用语或搭配的考查,也有对一些搭配灵活、可变的词或词组的考查。做这类试题时,应注意固定搭配可变的词或词组的考查。做这类试题时,应注意固定搭配的结构问题,弄清习惯用语或固定搭配的结构。在答题时

6、,的结构问题,弄清习惯用语或固定搭配的结构。在答题时,考生要清楚所考的习惯用语或搭配是由哪几个词构成的,考生要清楚所考的习惯用语或搭配是由哪几个词构成的,每个词的作用以及它们的位置关系等。许多习惯用法和固每个词的作用以及它们的位置关系等。许多习惯用法和固定搭配所表达的意义是固定不变的,所以只要记住其结构,定搭配所表达的意义是固定不变的,所以只要记住其结构,答题就容易了。答题就容易了。返回目录返回目录题型探究题型探究例例2 Li Lei will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. Its just a matter of _Aluc

7、k Bvalue Ctime Dfact解析解析 C考查名词辨析。句意:李雷迟早会理解你考查名词辨析。句意:李雷迟早会理解你付出的努力的。这只是个时间问题。根据句意选付出的努力的。这只是个时间问题。根据句意选C。a matter of是习惯搭配,意为是习惯搭配,意为“一个一个的问题的问题”。 返回目录返回目录题型探究题型探究 探究三句式结构型探究三句式结构型一般来说,英语句式按结构划分,可分为简单句、并一般来说,英语句式按结构划分,可分为简单句、并列句和复合句;列句和复合句; 按语气划分,可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈按语气划分,可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。此外,还有一些特殊句式,如省略句

8、、强使句和感叹句。此外,还有一些特殊句式,如省略句、强调句、调句、there be 句型和独立结构等。要求熟练区分各种句句型和独立结构等。要求熟练区分各种句式结构和句式特点。式结构和句式特点。返回目录返回目录题型探究题型探究例例3 Before you quit your job, _ how your family would feel about your decision.Aconsider BconsideringCto consider Dconsidered 解析解析 A考查特殊句式。虽然干扰项多为非谓语动考查特殊句式。虽然干扰项多为非谓语动词,但本句是祈使句,故应用动词原形。词,

9、但本句是祈使句,故应用动词原形。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛1要仔细阅读题干,抓住关键词,捕捉句中隐含信息。题干中的关键词或关键符号具有提示信息的作用,一旦抓住了它,就能掌握选择的依据。几乎每年的高考题在题干设计上都有所创新,所以考生在考试之前应该有相应的心理准备。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛例例4 Theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.Atradition Bbalance Cconcern Drelationship解析解

10、析 A考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我们办公室考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我们办公室有一个传统,那就是在某一个人过生日时,那个人就有一个传统,那就是在某一个人过生日时,那个人就带一个蛋糕到办公室和大家一起分享。带一个蛋糕到办公室和大家一起分享。tradition传统;传统; balance平衡;平衡; concern关心;关心; relationship关系。根据关系。根据句意可知选句意可知选A。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛2 2灵活采用还原法灵活采用还原法( (把倒装式、强调式或疑问式的题把倒装式、强调式或疑问式的题干变换为陈述句,再选择就容易多了干变换为陈述句,再选择就容易多了) )、归类法

11、、归类法( (根据句意,根据句意,把选项分组归类,缩小范围,提高做题的速度和确保准确把选项分组归类,缩小范围,提高做题的速度和确保准确性性) )、推理法、推理法( (根据前后文进行逻辑推理,在四个选项都可根据前后文进行逻辑推理,在四个选项都可填入的情况下,要认真阅读全句,仔细体会其语境,进行填入的情况下,要认真阅读全句,仔细体会其语境,进行综合判断综合判断) )、排除法、排除法( (对于难度较大的题要逐个试填,最后,对于难度较大的题要逐个试填,最后,选取最符合语境的选项选取最符合语境的选项) )等做题方法。等做题方法。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛例例5 I _ sooner but I d

12、idnt know that they were waiting for me.Ahad come Bwas coming Cwould come Dwould have come解析解析 D似乎本题与虚拟语气不沾边,但是我们把似乎本题与虚拟语气不沾边,但是我们把“but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.”变化一下就成了变化一下就成了“if I had known that they were waiting for me.”这样我们就知道,本空是虚拟语气的这样我们就知道,本空是虚拟语气的主句,与过去事实相反。主句,与过去事实相反。返回目录

13、返回目录应试点睛应试点睛3. 3. 多从交际的角度,即上下文的情景考虑问题,不多从交际的角度,即上下文的情景考虑问题,不要单一地局限于某项语法理论。近年来,高考题重视考查要单一地局限于某项语法理论。近年来,高考题重视考查学生的语言实践能力,将语法语言知识放置于一定的语言学生的语言实践能力,将语法语言知识放置于一定的语言环境中进行考查,这是近年来高考英语改革的一个方向。环境中进行考查,这是近年来高考英语改革的一个方向。所以考生在做题的过程中应该树立全局观、整体观,不能所以考生在做题的过程中应该树立全局观、整体观,不能顾此失彼,只注意语法知识的正确性而忽略了语境使用中顾此失彼,只注意语法知识的正确

14、性而忽略了语境使用中的合理性。的合理性。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛例例6 If you _ smoke, please go outside.Acan Bshould Cmust Dmay解析解析 C句意:如果你非要吸烟,请到外面去。考句意:如果你非要吸烟,请到外面去。考查情态动词的用法。查情态动词的用法。can能够;能够;should应该;应该;must非要,非要,偏要;偏要;may可以。根据语境可知选可以。根据语境可知选C。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛4. 4. 高考中的单选考点分布相对稳定、集中。英语的高考中的单选考点分布相对稳定、集中。英语的时态、语态、非谓语动词、名词、代词

15、、形容词、副词、时态、语态、非谓语动词、名词、代词、形容词、副词、冠词、情态动词出现的频率较高,尤其要引起重视的是动冠词、情态动词出现的频率较高,尤其要引起重视的是动词、动词短语、各种习惯表达法及交际用法。词、动词短语、各种习惯表达法及交际用法。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛例例7 The exam results will be _ on Friday afternoon.Aput down Bput off Cput up Dput away解析解析 C句意:考试结果会在周五的下午被张贴出句意:考试结果会在周五的下午被张贴出来。本题考查动词短语用法辨析。来。本题考查动词短语用法辨析。A项

16、意为项意为“放下,放下,镇压镇压”,B项意为项意为“推迟,阻止推迟,阻止”,C项意为项意为“张贴,张贴,举起,建造举起,建造”,D项意为项意为“收好,储存收好,储存”。故选。故选C。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛5. 5. 对于含插入成分的句子,要抓住主干,排除冗余对于含插入成分的句子,要抓住主干,排除冗余信息。信息。返回目录返回目录应试点睛应试点睛例例8 It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine._, wed better take it to the garage immediately.AOtherwise BIf n

17、ot CBut for that DIf so解析解析 D句意:听起来好像车的发动机出了问题。句意:听起来好像车的发动机出了问题。如果那样的话,我们最好立即把它送到修理厂。本题如果那样的话,我们最好立即把它送到修理厂。本题考查省略。考查省略。otherwise在其他方面,否则;在其他方面,否则;if not如果不如果不这样的话,否则;这样的话,否则; but for that要不是那样的话;要不是那样的话; if so如果那样的话。根据句意应选如果那样的话。根据句意应选D。 专专题题导导读读典典例例导导练练新新题题预预测测返回目录返回目录专题五记叙文型语法填空 记叙文体裁主要是记人、叙事、写景

18、、状物一类的文章,是常见的文体,在语法填空篇章中,其语言特点有:(1)以一般过去时为主,其他时态为辅。合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态,文章中所叙述的动作具有层次感和立体感。(2)广泛使用动态动词。这些动词的存在使文章充满“动感”,而这种让往事历历在目的“动感”正是优秀的记叙文所要追求的效果。返回目录返回目录专专题题导导读读返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 典典例例导导练练 2013广东卷改编广东卷改编 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号

19、中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在相应或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在相应位置上。位置上。 One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly, he 16._ (find)that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son,“Go to the village and buy some salt,but pay a fair price for it: neithe

20、r too much 17._ too little.” His son looked surprised.“I can understand why I shouldnt pay too much,Father,but if I can pay less, 18._ not save a bit of money?”返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 典典例例导导练练 “That would be a very 19._(reason)thing to do in a big city,but it could destroy a small village lik

21、e ours,”Nick said. Nicks guests, 20._ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied,“The only reason a man would sell salt 21._ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage of that situation would

22、be showing a lack of respect 22._ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 典典例例导导练练 “But such a small thing couldnt 23._ (possible) destroy a village.” “In the beginning, there was only 24._ very small amount of unfairness in the world,but

23、everyone added a little,always 25._ (think) that it was only small and not very important,and look where we have ended up today.” 返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 典典例例导导练练【要点综述要点综述】 文章通过一个故事向我们揭示了一个道文章通过一个故事向我们揭示了一个道 理:世上的不公平本来没这么明显,正是由于众人的理:世上的不公平本来没这么明显,正是由于众人的 一点一滴的改变才使得这些不公愈演愈烈。一点一滴的改变才使得这些不公愈演愈烈。

24、16found考查动词的时态。文章讲述的是过去的事考查动词的时态。文章讲述的是过去的事情,所以用一般过去时,也可结合后面从句的时态情,所以用一般过去时,也可结合后面从句的时态(过过去完成时去完成时)来判断。来判断。17nor考查连词。考查连词。neithernor为固定搭配。为固定搭配。a fair price表示表示“钱既不能太多,也不能太少钱既不能太多,也不能太少”。18why“why not动词原形动词原形”意思是:为什么意思是:为什么不不?19reasonable考查词形变化。作定语,修饰后面的考查词形变化。作定语,修饰后面的名词名词thing,用形容词形式。,用形容词形式。reaso

25、nable 合理的。合理的。返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 典典例例导导练练20who考查关系代词。代替指人的先行词,引导考查关系代词。代替指人的先行词,引导一个非限制性定语从句,用一个非限制性定语从句,用who。21at考查介词。考查介词。at a lower price为固定用法,意思为固定用法,意思是:以较低的价格。是:以较低的价格。22forrespect for sth意思是:对意思是:对的尊重。的尊重。23possibly考查词形变换。修饰谓语动词考查词形变换。修饰谓语动词destroy,作状语,用副词形式。作状语,用副词形式。24a考查冠词的用法。考

26、查冠词的用法。an amount of 意思是:许多,意思是:许多,大量。大量。amount 前面有前面有very修饰,用不定冠词修饰,用不定冠词a。25thinking考查非谓语动词。作谓语动词考查非谓语动词。作谓语动词add的伴的伴随状语,表示主动,用随状语,表示主动,用v.ing形式。形式。返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 新新题题预预测测I am a junior in high school. There is a lady at my school 1._ job is to hand out call slips(索书单索书单) and prevent

27、 students from leaving the campus 2._ permission. Before today I had never seen her smile. The other day my friends and I were eating in the cafeteria and I saw her walking around. When she came 3._ (close) to us, I could see that she was crying. She pulled out a tissue and quickly wiped her eyes. I

28、 thought to myself that this lady was so underappreciated and needed 4._ (recognize) for all her hard work. So I wrote a note telling her that the students appreciated返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 新新题题预预测测everything she did and 5._ her contribution to our school made a difference in all of our live

29、s. I signed it with “Some thankful students” and slipped it into 6._ envelope. Then I realized I didnt even know her name. I asked all of my professors but 7._ knew her name. I finally went to ask the lady at student services and 8._ (tell) that her name is Kathy. I bought her a bouquet of 9._ (colo

30、ur) sunflowers and tapped the envelope to it. I brought the flowers to the school and left 10._ in her office. She came into my third period shortly afterwards to deliver a call slip, and there it was a smile on her face!返回目录返回目录专题五专题五记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空 新新题题预预测测1whose2.without 3.closer 4.recognizing/t

31、o be recognized 5that6.an7.nobody8.was told 9.colourful 10them 返回目录返回目录备用习题备用习题(一一)Elevenyearold Angela was stricken with a disease involving her nervous system. The doctors did not hold out much hope of her ever recovering 1._ this illness. They predicted shed spend the rest of her life in a wheelc

32、hair. 2._ Angela firmly believed that she was definitely going to be walking again someday. The doctors were charmed by her 3._ (defeatable) spirit. They taught her about imagingabout seeing herself 4._ (walk)Angela would work as hard as possible in physical therapy(治疗治疗), lying there faithfully doi

33、ng her imaging, visualizing herself moving, moving, moving!返回目录返回目录备用习题备用习题One day, 5._ she was straining all her might to imagine her legs moving again, 6._ seemed as though a miracle happened: the bed moved! She screamed out, “Look, what I 7._ (do)! Look! Look! I can do it! I moved! I moved!” Of c

34、ourse, 8._ this very moment everyone else in the hospital was screaming, too. It was the San Francisco earthquake. But dont tell 9._ to Angela. She was 10._(convince) that she did it. And now only a few years later, she was back in school on her own two feet. No walking sticks, no wheelchair.返回目录返回目

35、录【要点综述要点综述】 靠轮椅行走的安吉拉,连医生对她的康靠轮椅行走的安吉拉,连医生对她的康复都不抱希望,但她始终没有放弃,一次地震让她觉复都不抱希望,但她始终没有放弃,一次地震让她觉得是她自己的腿动了,并对此坚信不疑,几年后她真得是她自己的腿动了,并对此坚信不疑,几年后她真的靠自己的双脚重新走进了学校。的靠自己的双脚重新走进了学校。1fromrecover from an illness意为意为“从疾病中恢复从疾病中恢复过来过来”。2But与前句是转折关系。与前句是转折关系。3undefeatable在名词前作定语,要用形容词;由在名词前作定语,要用形容词;由语境可知,此处应表示语境可知,此

36、处应表示“不败的不败的”,故填,故填undefeatable。句意:医生为她永不言败的精神所折服。句意:医生为她永不言败的精神所折服。4walkingsee sb doing sth看见某人在做某事。看见某人在做某事。备用习题备用习题返回目录返回目录5asas表示表示“正当正当时时”。6it句式搭配:句式搭配:it seems as if/as though仿佛仿佛是是。7am doing8atat this very moment意为意为“就在此刻就在此刻”。9that/it代替前文说的地震这回事。代替前文说的地震这回事。10convinced用形容词形式。用形容词形式。be convinc

37、ed of/that 深信深信,坚信。,坚信。备用习题备用习题返回目录返回目录备用习题备用习题(二二)One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment 1._ (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 2._ the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the

38、back, and then I noticed a man 3._ (sit) at the front. He 4._ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be 5._ (mental) disabled.Behind him were other people to 6._he was trying to talk, but after some minutes 7._ walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.返回目录返回目录备用习题备用习题I didnt want to be laughed at

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