计算机组成原理与汇编语言程序设计实验报告

1、计算机组成原理与汇编语言程序设计实验报告实验一实验内容：查看cpu和内存，用机器指令和汇编指令编程。实验任务：（1）了解并熟悉window中debug工具.debug的命令及功能如下:*r【register】命令用于查看、改变寄存器的内容；rr ax*d【不懂为什么叫d】查看内存的内容；d 段地址:偏移地址，段地址可以用cs,ds,ss,es代替*e 【edit】改写内存的内容e 段地址:偏移地址 依次填入要赋值的数字，每个字节检用空格间隔开*a 【asm，嘿嘿，我自己猜的，】以汇编的形式向内存写入东西a 段地址:偏移地址如果没有指定，一开始是cs:ip，其他的时上一次修改的末尾。*u 【英文

2、不好，不懂，估计是un-ooxx反汇编吧】将内存中的机器码以汇编指令显示出来格式和a命令一样*t 【真不懂】执行cs:ip指向的命令（2）用a、e命令向2000:0内存中写入以下命令，并执行mov ax,1add ax,axjmp 2000:0003计算机组成原理与汇编语言程序设计实验报告实验二实验内容：用机器指令和汇编指令编程实验任务：（1）预备知识:了解debug是如何执行d命令的在e,a,u命令中使用段寄存器 mov ss,ax mov sp,100（2）使用debug执行一段程序-a13b4:0100 mov ax,ffff13b4:0103 mov ds,ax13b4:0105 mo

3、v ax,220013b4:0108 mov ss,ax13b4:010a mov sp,010013b4:010d mov ax,013b4:0110 add ax,213b4:0114 mov bx,413b4:0118 add bx,613b4:011c push ax13b4:011d push bx13b4:011e pop ax13b4:011f pop bx13b4:0120 push 413b4:0124 push 613b4:0128计算机组成原理与汇编语言程序设计实验报告实验三实验内容：编程、编译、链接、跟踪实验任务：（1） 编译一个简单的汇编程序assume cs:cod

4、ecode segmentmov ax,1000hmov ss,axmov sp,0100hmov ax,1001hmov ds,ax;swap(ds:0,ds2)push ds:0push ds:2pop ds:0pop ds:2mov ax,4c00hint 21hcode endsend编译：masm.exe code.txtlink.exe code.objpause运行：debug.exe code.exepause计算机组成原理与汇编语言程序设计实验报告实验四实验内容：【bx】和loop的使用实验任务：（1） 编程，向内存0:200 0:23f一次存入数据0 63assume cs

5、:codecode segmentmov ax,0hmov ds,axmov bx,200h;start from 0:200mov cx,64h;loop for 64h timesmov ax,0h;0h to 63hlp:mov bx,axinc ax;add the numberinc bx,;move the addressloop lpmov ax,4c00hint 21hcode endsend（2） 编程，向内存0:200 0:23f一次存入数据0 63,程序中只能9条指令（3） 下面的程序师将“mov ax,40cch之前的指令复制到内存中去，assume cs:codeco

6、de segmentmov ax,csmov ds,axmov ax,0020hmov es,axmov bx,0mov cx,16hs:mov al,bxmov es:bx,alinc bxloop smov ax,4c00hint 21hcode endsend-d cs:0 16142d:0000 8c c8 8e d8 b8 20 00 8e-c0 bb 00 00 b9 16 00 8a . .142d:0010 07 26 88 07 43 e2 f8 .&.c.-d es:0 160020:0000 8c c8 8e d8 b8 20 00 8e-c0 bb 00 00 b9 1

7、6 00 8a . .0020:0010 07 26 88 07 43 e2 00 .&.c.计算机组成原理与汇编语言程序设计实验报告实验五实验内容：编写，调试具有多个段的程序实验任务：（4） 编译，调试下面程序assume cs:code,ds:data,ss:stackdata segmentdw 0123h,0456h,0789h,0acbh,0defh,0fedh,0cbah,0987hdata endsstack segmentdw 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0stack endscode segmentstart:mov ax,stackmov ss,axmov sp,16mov

8、 ax,datamov ds,axpush ds:0push ds:2pop ds:2pop ds:0mov ax,4c00hint 21hcode endsend加载后：-r cscs 142f:-u142f:0000 b82e14 mov ax,142e142f:0003 8ed0 mov ss,ax142f:0005 bc1000 mov sp,0010142f:0008 b82d14 mov ax,142d142f:000b 8ed8 mov ds,ax142f:000d ff360000 push 0000142f:0011 ff360200 push 0002142f:0015 8

9、f060200 pop 0002142f:0019 8f060000 pop 0000142f:001d b8004c mov ax,4c00程序返回前：-d ds:0 16142d:0000 23 01 56 04 89 07 cb 0a-ef 0d ed 0f ba 0c 87 09 #.v.142d:0010 00 00 2d 14 2d 14 2d .-.-.-r cscs 142f:-r dsds 142d:-r ssss 142e（5） 编译，调试下面程序assume cs:code,ds:data,ss:stackdata segmentdw 0123h,0456hdata en

10、dsstack segmentdw 0,0stack endscode segmentstart:mov ax,stackmov ss,axmov sp,16mov ax,datamov ds,axpush ds:0push ds:2pop ds:2pop ds:0mov ax,4c00hint 21hcode endsend start加载后：-d ds:0 4142d:0000 23 01 56 04 00 #.v.-r cscs 142f:-r dsds 142d:-r ssss 142e:程序返回前：-r dsds 142d:-r ssss 142e:-r cscs 142f:（6）

11、编译，调试下面程序assume cs:code,ds:data,ss:stackcode segmentstart:mov ax,stackmov ss,axmov sp,16mov ax,datamov ds,axpush ds:0push ds:2pop ds:2pop ds:0mov ax,4c00hint 21hcode endsdata segmentdw 0123h,0456hdata endsstack segmentdw 0,0stack endsend start-r cscs 142d:-r dsds 1430:-r ssss 1431:-d ds:0 41430:0000

12、 23 01 56 04 00 #.v.（7） 编程，实现将a,b段数据相加，结果保留到c段中assume cs:codea segmentdw 7fffh dup(0fffh)a endsb segmentdw 7fffh dup(0eeeh)b endsc segmentdw 7fffh dup(0h)c endscode segmentstart:mov ax,amov ss,ax;get the a segmentmov ax,bmov es,ax;get the b segmentmov ax,cmov ds,ax;get the c segmentmov cx,0fff0h;add

13、 the a and b ,length is the whole segmentmov bx,0h;from 0mov ax,0h;init the axmov dx,0h;init the dxlp:mov dl,ss:bx;get the byte from a segmentadd ax,dxmov dl,es:bx;get the byte from b segmentadd ax,dxmov ds:bx,al;save the answermov al,ah;shift the axmov ah,0;init the ahinc bx;add bxloop lpadd ax,4c0

14、0hint 21hcode endsend start计算机组成原理与汇编语言程序设计实验报告实验六实验内容：更灵活定位内存地址实验任务：（8） 实验课程的程序大写转小写assume cs:code,ds:datedata segmentdb unixdb forkdata endscode segmentstart:mov ax,datamov ds,axmov bx,0hmov cx,8hlp:mov al,bxor al,20hmov bx,alinc bxloop lpmov ax,4c00hint 21hcode endsend start使用bx+idata，si、di等定位ass

15、ume cs:code,ds:datadata segmentdb welcome to masm!db .data endscode segmentstart:mov ax,datamov ds,axmov di,10hmov si,0hmov cx,8hlp:mov ax,simov di,axadd si,2add di,2loop lpmov ax,4c00hint 21hcode endsend startassume cs:code,ds:datadata segmentdb welcome to masm!db .data endscode segmentstart:mov ax

16、,datamov ds,axmov si,0hmov cx,8hlp:mov ax,simov 10hsi,axadd si,2loop lpmov ax,4c00hint 21hcode endsend start编程实现将每个单词前4个字母改为大写字母assume cs:code,ds:data,ss:stackstack segmentdw 20h dup(0h)stack endsdata segmentdb 1. display db 2. brows db 3. replace db 4. modify data endscode segmentstart:mov ax,datam

17、ov ds,axmov ax,stackmov ss,axmov sp,10hmov bx,0hmov cx,4lp1:push cxmov cx,4mov si,3lp2:mov al,bx+siand al,11011111bmov bx+si,alinc siloop lp2pop cxadd bx,10hloop lp1mov ax,4c00hint 21hcode endsend start计算机组成原理与汇编语言程序设计实验报告实验七实验内容：寻址方式在结构化的数据访问中的应用实验任务：assume cs:code,ds:datadata segmentdb 1970,1971,1

18、972,1973,1974db 1975,1976,1977,1978,1979db 1980,1981,1982,1983,1984db 1985,1986,1988,1988,1989db 1990;21个年份dd 23,2134,343342,4334235,3dd 2332,23414,33432,43235,32dd 233,43214,3432,43235,33dd 23433,2144,3432,43235,323244,333342;21年份的公司收入 dword类型dw 2,3,6,778,711dw 127,137,176,178,197dw 273,372,276,728

19、,171dw 732,337,367,378,3117,1000;21年份的公司员工数7data endstable segmentdb 21 dup(year summ ne ?!)table endscode segmentstart:mov ax,datamov ds,axmov ax,tablemov es,axmov cx,21;21 timesmov bx,0hmov bp,0hmov di,84;4*21 byte ;summov si,168;84+84;numberlp:mov ax,bxmov es:bp,axmov ax,bx+2mov es:bp+2,ax;copy t

20、he yearmov ax,simov es:bp+10,ax;copy the number of workersmov ax,bx+dimov es:bp+5,axmov dx,bx+di+2mov es:bp+7,dx;copy the sumdiv word ptr simov es:bp+13,ax;save the answaeradd bx,4hadd bp,10hadd si,2hloop lpmov ax,4c00hint 21hcode endsend start计算机组成原理与汇编语言程序设计实验报告实验八实验内容：分析一个奇怪的程序实验任务：（9） 编程，向内存0:20

21、0 0:23f一次存入数据0 63assume cs:codecode segmentmov ax,4c00hint 21hstart:mov ax,0s:nopnopmov di,offset smov si,offset s2mov ax,cs:simov cs:di,axs0:jmp short ss1:mov ax,0int 21hmov ax,0s2:jmp short s1;编译的时候只是指明ip偏移的相对地址nopcode endsend start计算机组成原理与汇编语言程序设计实验报告实验九实验内容：根据材料编程实验任务：（10） 编程，向内存0:200 0:23f一次存入数

22、据0 63assume cs:codedata segmentdb nice to meet you!;17个字符db 00000111b;黑底白字db 01110000b;白底黑字db 00010100b;蓝底红字db 10001010b;ooxx.db 11011001b;ooxx.db 00010110b;ooxx.db 00000000b;一片漆黑db 01110111b;白白的;8 种样式data endscode segmentstart:mov ax,0b800hmov ds,ax;set the bufmov ax,datamov es,ax;set the datamov b

23、x,0h;bx=行号mov bp,17;the style setlp:mov si,0h; with ds add step=2mov di,0h; with es add step=1mov cx,17;17个字节lp2:mov al,es:dimov bx+si,al;copy the lettermov al,es:bpmov bx+si+1,al;copy the styleadd si,2hinc diloop lp2inc bp;next styleadd bx,160; next linemov cx,bpsub cx,25;25-17=8 linesloop lpmov ax

24、,4c00hint 21hcode endsend start计算机组成原理与汇编语言程序设计实验报告实验十实验内容：编写子程序实验任务：（11） 编程实现显示字符串assume cs:code,ds:data,ss:stackdata segmentdb nice to meet you!db 0db 哇哈哈，wuwuwuuw! heiheihei !db 0data endsstack segmentdb 100h dup(0);the stackstack endscode segmentstart:mov ax,stackmov ss,axmov sp,100h;stackmov ax

25、,datamov ds,ax;datamov dl,2mov dh,1mov cl,00101101b;set the style of the lettermov si,0call show_strmov dl,4mov dh,0add si,18call show_strmov ax,4c00hint 21h;end of the exec;/子过程定义 show_strshow_str:;显示字符串;字符串以0结束;dh=行 dl=列 cl=样式 ds:si=字符串首地址;无返回值push axpush bxpush cxpush dxpush espush si;寄存器入栈mov ax

26、,0b800hmov es,ax;get the bufmov al,160mul dh;get the first pos of the line dhmov bx,0;mov bl,dladd bl,bladd bx,ax;es:bx the first show placemov al,clmov cx,0;init cxshow_str_lp:mov cl,ds:simov es:bx,clmov es:bx+1,alinc siadd bx,2inc cxloop show_str_lp;loop until ds:si=0pop sipop espop dxpop cxpop bx

27、pop ax;寄存器出栈ret;show_str 返回;/子过程定义 show_strcode endsend start（12） 解决除法溢出问题assume cs:code,ss:stackstack segmentdb 100h dup(0);the stackstack endscode segmentstart:mov ax,stackmov ss,axmov sp,100h;stackmov ax,0b0f0hmov dx,0201hmov cx,1hcall divdwmov ax,4c00hint 21h;end of exec;/函数程定义 divdwdivdw:;divdw

28、 dword / word = dword;参数ax 低16位、dx高16位 cx除数;返回值 ax,低16位、dx高16位 cx余数jcxz divdw_ret;处理除数为零的情况push bx;寄存器入栈push axmov ax,dxmov dx,0div cxmov bx,axpop axdiv cxmov cx,dxmov dx,bxpop bx;寄存器出栈divdw_ret:ret;函数返回;/子过程定义 divdwcode endsend start（13） 数值显示assume cs:code,ds:data,ss:stackdata segmentdb 100h dup(0)

29、data endsstack segmentdb 100h dup(0);the stackstack endscode segmentstart:mov ax,stackmov ss,axmov sp,100h;stackmov ax,datamov ds,ax;datamov si,0mov ax,0hcall btodmov dl,2mov dh,1mov cl,00101101b;set the style of the lettercall show_strmov ax,4c00hint 21h;end of the exec;/子过程定义 show_strshow_str:;显示字

30、符串;字符串以0结束;dh=行 dl=列 cl=样式 ds:si=字符串首地址;无返回值push axpush bxpush cxpush dxpush espush si;寄存器入栈mov ax,0b800hmov es,ax;get the bufmov al,160mul dh;get the first pos of the line dhmov bx,0;mov bl,dladd bx,ax;es:bx the first show placemov al,clmov cx,0;init cxshow_str_lp:mov cl,ds:simov es:bx,clmov es:bx+

31、1,alinc siadd bx,2inc cxloop show_str_lp;loop until ds:si=0pop sipop espop dxpop cxpop bxpop ax;寄存器出栈ret;show_str 返回;/子过程定义 show_str;/子过程定义 btodbtod:;将一个二进制转化为十进制;参数 ax=word型数据;ds:si为目标字符串首地址;无返回值push axpush bxpush cxpush dxpush si;寄存器入栈mov bx,0btod_lp1:mov dx,0mov cx,10div cxadd dx,30hpush dxinc bx

32、mov cx,axinc cxloop btod_lp1;get the string and push into stackmov cx,bxbtod_lp2:pop siinc siloop btod_lp2;write the answer into the memorymov ax,0mov si,ax;set the end of the stringpop sipop dxpop cxpop bxpop ax;寄存器出栈ret;btod过程返回;/子过程定义 btodcode endsend start课程设计1assume cs:code,ds:data,ss:stackdata

33、 segmentdb 1970,1971,1972,1973,1974db 1975,1976,1977,1978,1979db 1980,1981,1982,1983,1984db 1985,1986,1988,1988,1989db 1990;21个年份dd 23,2134,343342,4334235,3dd 2332,23414,33432,43235,32dd 233,43214,3432,43235,33dd 23433,2144,3432,43235,1321324411,300000000;21年份的公司收入 dword类型dw 2,3,6,778,711dw 127,137,

34、176,178,197dw 273,372,276,728,171dw 732,337,367,378,1,10033;21年份的公司员工数7data endstable segmentdb 21 dup(year summ ne ?!)table endsbuffer segmentdb 100h dup(0)buffer endsstack segmentdb 1000h dup(0)stack endscode segmentstart:mov ax,datamov ds,axmov ax,tablemov es,ax;试验七代码 =mov cx,21;21 timesmov bx,0h

35、mov bp,0hmov di,84;4*21 byte ;summov si,168;84+84;numberlp:mov ax,bxmov es:bp,axmov ax,bx+2mov es:bp+2,ax;copy the yearmov ax,simov es:bp+10,ax;copy the number of workersmov ax,bx+dimov es:bp+5,axmov dx,bx+di+2mov es:bp+7,dx;copy the sum;对以前代码的修改div word ptr sipush cxmov cx,sicall divdwpop cx;对以前代码的

36、修改mov es:bp+13,axmov es:bp+15,dx;save the answaeradd bx,4hadd bp,12hadd si,2hloop lp;试验七代码 =mov ax,buffermov ds,ax;set the buffermov bx,0mov di,0;the di linemov si,0mov cx,21lp2:push cx;/=show the yearmov ax,es:bxmov ds:si,axmov ax,es:bx+2mov ds:si+2,axmov al, ;output the spacemov ah,0h;set the end

37、of stringmov ds:si+4,axmov dl,0mov ax,dimov dh,al;set the linemov cl,00011101b;set the style of the lettercall show_str;show the year;/=show the year;/=show the summov ax,es:bx+5mov dx,es:bx+7call dw_btodmov ax,10;字符串长度10call format_str;格式化字符串mov dl,5mov ax,dimov dh,al;set the linemov cl,00101101b;s

38、et the style of the lettercall show_str;show the year;/=show the sum;/=show the numbermov ax,es:bx+10call btodmov ax,6;字符串长度6call format_str;格式化字符串mov dl,16mov ax,dimov dh,al;set the linemov cl,00110101b;set the style of the lettercall show_str;show the year;/=show the number;/=show the averagemov a

39、x,es:bx+13mov dx,es:bx+15call dw_btodmov ax,10;字符串长度10call format_str;格式化字符串mov dl,22mov ax,dimov dh,al;set the linemov cl,01000101b;set the style of the lettercall show_str;show the year;/=show the averageadd bx,12h;mov to next yearinc dipop cxloop lp2mov ax,4c00hint 21h;实验十的代码=;/子过程定义 show_strshow

40、_str:;显示字符串;字符串以0结束;dh=行 dl=列 cl=样式 ds:si=字符串首地址;无返回值push axpush bxpush cxpush dxpush espush si;寄存器入栈mov ax,0b800hmov es,ax;get the bufmov al,160mul dh;get the first pos of the line dhmov bx,0;mov bl,dladd bx,bx;这个是以前的bug,现在已经修改了 ！add bx,ax;es:bx the first show placemov al,clmov cx,0;init cxshow_str

41、_lp:mov cl,ds:simov es:bx,clmov es:bx+1,alinc siadd bx,2inc cxloop show_str_lp;loop until ds:si=0pop sipop espop dxpop cxpop bxpop ax;寄存器出栈ret;show_str 返回;/子过程定义 show_str;/子过程定义 btodbtod:;将一个二进制转化为十进制;参数 ax=word型数据;ds:si为目标字符串首地址;无返回值push axpush bxpush cxpush dxpush si;寄存器入栈mov bx,0btod_lp1:mov dx,0

42、mov cx,10div cxadd dx,30hpush dxinc bxmov cx,axinc cxloop btod_lp1;get the string and push into stackmov cx,bxbtod_lp2:pop siinc siloop btod_lp2;write the answer into the memorymov ax,0mov si,ax;set the end of the stringpop sipop dxpop cxpop bxpop ax;寄存器出栈ret;btod过程返回;/子过程定义 btod;/函数程定义 divdwdivdw:;

43、divdw dword / word = dword;参数ax 低16位、dx高16位 cx除数;返回值 ax,低16位、dx高16位 cx余数jcxz divdw_ret;处理除数为零的情况push bx;寄存器入栈push axmov ax,dxmov dx,0div cxmov bx,axpop axdiv cxmov cx,dxmov dx,bxpop bx;寄存器出栈divdw_ret:ret;函数返回;/子过程定义 divdw;实验十的代码=;/子过程定义 dw_btod btod的扩充dw_btod:;将一个二进制转化为十进制;参数 ax=low word dx=hight wo

44、rd;ds:si为目标字符串首地址;无返回值push axpush bxpush cxpush dxpush si;寄存器入栈mov bx,0dw_btod_lp1:mov cx,10call divdw;dx_ax /10 =dx_ax .cxadd cx,30hpush cxinc bxmov cx,axor cx,dxinc cxloop dw_btod_lp1;get the string and push into stackmov cx,bxdw_btod_lp2:pop siinc siloop dw_btod_lp2;write the answer into the memorymov ax,0mov si,axpop sipop dxpop cxpop bxpop ax;寄存器出栈ret;btod过程返回;/子过程定义 dw_btod;/子过程定义format_strformat_str:;如果ds:si指定的字符串不足ax位，则用 补满;无返回值push axpush sipush cx;寄存器入栈mov cx,axformat_str_lp:mov ax,cxmov cx,0mov cl,ds:sijcxz f