药剂学英文词汇

1、Word List of Pharmaceutics(chaptersPreformulation,DisperseSystems&ParenteralProducts)AvesusBA对Babscesses(皮肤)脓肿absorption吸收acacia阿拉伯胶accuracy（剂量的）准确性acetate醋酸盐(乙酸盐)acid酸additive添加剂adsorption吸附adversereaction副作用aerosol气雾剂agglomeration团聚，聚集alkline碱alkylation烷基化作用allergen过敏原allergytest过敏实验aluminum铝ambie

2、ntcondition室温条件amorphous无定形的amphiphile两亲性的amphoteric两性的amphotericinB两性霉素Banalyticalmethodology分析方法学anhydrate无水物anionic阴离子的，带负电的antimicrobialactivity抗菌能力antineoplastic抗肿瘤的antioxidant抗氧剂aqueoussolution水溶液argon氩气ascorbicacid抗坏血酸，维生素Casepticfilling无菌灌装aspiration吸入，抽吸，吸引术asthma哮喘症atomizer喷雾器attractivefor

3、ces（分子间的）引力autoclaving热压灭菌（锅）Bacteriostatic抑制细菌生长的barbiturates巴比妥酸盐base碱batch-to-batchvariation（产品的）批间差异WordListofPharmaceutics第1页，共13页XH.Wei,2006.9.benzoicacid苯甲酸,安息香酸benzylalcohol苯酚binary两相的bioavailability生物利用度bioburden(灭菌时样品所带的)细菌量biopharmaceutics生物药剂学BrownianMotion布朗运动buffer缓冲液buffercapacity缓冲能力

4、bulkingagent(冻干制剂中的)疏松剂butylrubber丁基橡胶(空气隔绝能力更好)by-product副产品Cakeshrinkage(冻干制剂的)糕体塌陷caking结块capsule胶囊carbontetrachloried四氯化碳carboxylicacid羧酸carnaubawax巴西棕榈蜡catalyze催化catheter导管,插管cationic阳离子的，带正电的cellulosederivatives纤维素衍生物celluloseesterderivative纤维素酯衍生物centrifugation离心（法）cephalosporin头孢菌素cerebrospi

5、nal脑脊髓的charcoalbed(过滤用的)活性碳层chelatingagent螯合剂chemicalmodification化学修饰chloroform氯仿cholesterol胆固醇chronictoxicity慢性毒性citrate柠檬酸盐citricacid柠檬酸clarity(注射液的)澄明度coagulation凝结，颗粒聚焦coarse(suspension)（混悬剂）颗粒增大，粗糙collapsetemperature(冻干时糕体的)塌陷温度colligative（物理性质）依数性的collision（分子或颗粒）碰撞colloidmill胶体磨colloidal胶状的，胶

6、体的comatose昏迷的compatibility（处方中各种组分的）相容性composition成分conductiometry电导测定仪conduction(热)传导conformation(蛋白等的)构象consistency（分散体系的）浓度均一性containerheadspace容器顶部空间contamination污染contraceptiveprotection避孕用contrastagent造影剂controlled-release控释的convection(热)对流copper铜cornoil玉米油cornea角膜corrosive腐蚀性的cosmeticproduct化

7、妆品cosolvent助溶剂cottonoil棉籽油crack（乳剂）破裂，分层creaming（乳剂)油相聚焦成膏状crenation圆锯齿状criticalmicelleconcentration(CMC)（两亲性分子的）临界胶束浓度cryoprotectant（冻干）冷冻保护剂crystalform晶型crystalhabbit晶癖crystalline晶体cubic立方的cullout精选culturetubeinoculation(无菌实验时的)培养基试管接种法cyclictemperaturestabilitytest（分散体系的）温度循环稳定性实验cysteinehydrochl

8、oride半胱氨酸盐酸盐Deamidation脱酰胺作用declay粘土decomposition分解degradation降解deionizedwater去离子水deltoid(upperarm)(上臂的)三角肌density密度deoxygenation去氧化作用depot(药物)储库depthfilterdesorption解吸附dextrose葡萄糖diabeticpatient糖尿病病人diagram相图WordListofPharmaceutics第3页，共13页XH.Wei,2006.9.diatomaceousearth硅藻土dicalciumphosphate磷酸氢钙diel

9、ectricconstant介电常数differentialscanningcalorimetry(DSC)差示热扫描diffusedoublelayer扩散双电层digotoxin地高辛DilatantFluid涨流型流体dilution稀释discoloration变色dispersedphase分散相，dispersedsystem分散体系dispersingphase连续相，分散介质dissolution溶出dissolutionrate(固体制剂的)溶出速度distillation蒸馏(法)disulfideexchange(蛋白的)二硫键交换dosageform剂型dosagere

10、gimen给药方案doubledecomposition复分解doxorubicin阿霉素drugshock局部药物浓度过高drugtransportation药物转运duralmembrane硬脊膜Electrolyte电解(质)eliminate消除emboli血栓emulsifyingagent乳化剂emulsion乳剂enantiotropicsystem互变体系endothermic吸热性endotoxin内毒素enthalpy焓entrappedvolume包封率（体积）epiduralanesthesia硬膜外麻醉equilibriumdialysis平衡透析ethylalcoh

11、ol乙醇ethyleneoxide(ETO)环氧乙烷eutectic共熔的，共结晶eutectictemperature(冻干时的)低共熔温度excipient辅料，辅形剂expirationdating(药品的)过期时间explosive爆炸性的extemporaneous（制剂）即配即用的extradural硬膜外的extrapolation曲线外推.Filldose(注射剂的)灌装体积filtercartridge滤筒finepowder细粉first-orderelimination(药物的)一级清除first-passeffect(药物代谢的)首过效应fixedoil非挥发油flam

12、mable易燃的flavor矫味剂flexiblepackaging(大输液的)轻便小包装floater(注射剂内的)漂浮物flocculation（分散体系的）絮凝fluorocarbon氟碳气体foreignparticle(注射剂的)外源性颗粒物formulation（制剂的）处方formulationadditives处方中的添加剂fractal不规则的fragmentation分离，破裂freeze-drying冻干法freeze-thaw（脂质体制备的）冻融法Gastrointestinaltract(GIT)胃肠道gelfiltration凝胶过滤（法）gelatin明胶gene

13、ric(药品)仿制的glasstransitiontemperature(冻干时的)玻璃态转化温度globulecoalescence球状颗粒融合gluteal(buttock)臀肌的(屁股)glyceride甘油（三）酯glycol乙二醇gravity重力grid网格Haze(注射剂中的)云雾状物heavymetal重金属hemolysis溶血heparin肝素hermetical密封的heterogeneous不同种类的，不均匀的hexagonal六角形的，六边形的histoplasminskintest组织胞浆菌素皮肤实验hoard储藏homogeneous同类的，均匀的homogeni

14、zation匀质，匀化homologous类似的humanserumalbumin(HAS)人血清白蛋白humectant保湿剂humidity湿度hyaluronidase透明质酸酶hydrate水合物hydroalcoholicsolution水醇溶液hydrolysis水解hydrophilic亲水的hydrophilic-lipophilicbalance(HLB)（两亲性分子的）亲水亲油平衡值hydrophobic疏水的hydroxide氢氧化物hygiene卫生,卫生学hygroscopicity吸湿性hypertonic高渗的(高于血浆渗透压)hypodermoclysis皮下输

15、液hypotonic低渗的(低于血浆渗透压)implant植入剂Insitu在原处，局部invitro体外（研究）invivo体内（研究）indwellingneedle(输液时的)留置针inertgas惰性气体inflammation发炎,炎症inflectionpoint曲线infrared红外(线)的ingredient（制剂的）成分inhalationtherapy吸入疗法initialdose初始剂量injection注射剂intercept截距interfacialstabilization界面稳定作用internal/externaluse内/外用intra-arterial动脉

16、注射intracisternal脑池内的intradermal皮内注射intraepidural硬膜外注射intramuscularinjection肌肉注射intraspinal脊柱内注射intrathecal鞘内的intravenousinjection静脉注射intrinsic内在的，固有的ionization离子化ionophore离子载体iron铁irritatingdrug刺激性药物isotherm等温的isotonic等渗的(等于血浆渗透压)IVdrip静脉滴注IVinfusion静脉输注KarlFishertitrationKarlFisher滴定法(测含水量)Labeledd

17、ose标示剂量labeledpotency标示效价lab-scale实验室规模的lamellarstructure（脂质体的）片层状结构lamellarity片层laminarflowunit(空气净化时的)层流层largeproximalvein近端大静脉large-volumeparenteralfluid大输液lattice晶格latticesubstitution点阵置换leakertest(注射剂的)检漏实验lecithin卵磷脂limulusamebocytelysate(LAL)变形细胞溶菌液liposome脂质体liquefaction液化lossondrying干燥失重法(测

18、定含水量)lottolotvariation不同生产批号间的差异lyophilic亲溶剂的lyophilize冻干(法)lyophobic疏溶剂的lyoprotectant冻干保护剂lysosome溶菌体Magnesium镁manufacture-scale生产规模的massage按摩meanparticlesize平均粒径meltingpoint熔点membranefilter膜过滤器metastable亚稳定的methyleneblue(检漏时用的)亚甲蓝指示剂methylparaben羟苯甲酯，尼泊金甲酯micelle胶束microelectrophoresis毛细管电泳microemu

19、lsion微乳micronizationtechnique微粉化技术microwaveirradiation微波辐射moist潮湿的molar摩尔的molecularbombardment分子剧烈碰撞monotone单调（曲线）monotropicsystem单向转变系统morphology形态学mucosal粘膜的multipleemulsion复乳NationalFormulary(美国的)国家处方集NDA新药申请necrosis(肌肉等)坏死neuraldamage神经损伤neutralization中和NewtonianFluid牛顿型流体nitrogenmustard氮芥nonion

20、ic非离子的nuclearmagneticresonance核磁共振nylon尼龙Odor气味operatingprocedure操作规程opticalactivity旋光性oral口服的organicsolvent有机溶剂originalheight（混悬剂的）初始体积osmoticpressure渗透压outpatient门诊病人oversaturatedsolution过饱和溶液Parenteral肠道外的，注射的（给药方式）partitioncoefficient分配系数passive/activetarget被动/主动靶向pathogenic致病的PCS(photoncorrelat

21、ionspectroscopy)光子相关光度法（一种粒径测定方法）peanutoil花生油penicillinGprocaine普鲁卡因青霉素Gperse本身,本质上permeability渗透性personneltraining人员培训pesticide杀虫剂pharmacodynamics药效学pharmacokinetics药物代谢动力学pharmacopoeia药典phaseinversion（乳剂等的）转相phasevolumeratio相体积比phenol苯酚phosphatidylcholine磷脂酰胆碱phospholipid磷脂phosphorate磷酸盐physiologi

22、calproperties生理性质pilot-scale试制规模的PlasticFliud塑性流体plunger活塞polar极性的pollen花粉polymorphism多晶型porcelain瓷器,陶土porosimeter孔隙率计posttreat后处理potassiumsalt钾盐potentiometry电势测定法pourability（液体制剂倾到时的）流动性precipitate沉淀物precipitation沉淀prefiltration预滤preformulation处方前研究prerequisite先决条件preservatives防腐剂primarydrying(冻干的)

23、主干燥primaryenergyminimum（DLVO理论的）一级能量最低点prodrug前药productlaunch产品投放市场prolonged-action延长作用时间propagate繁殖propylene丙烯propyleneglycol丙二醇protamine鱼精蛋白protectant(冻干等的)保护剂pseudoempirical半经验的PseudoplasticFluid假塑性流体purge净化,冲洗purity纯度pyrogen热原QELS(quasi-elasticlightscattering)准静态激光散射法(一种粒径测定方法)qualityassurance质量

24、保证qualitycontrol质量控制quantitative定量的quaternaryammonium季铵盐Racemization外消旋作用radiopaquecontrastmedia(辐射诊断的)造影剂radius半径rapidonset(药物)起效迅速rapidstirring剧烈搅拌rate-limitingstep决速步骤rawmaterial原材料reconstitution(冻干制剂的)水合redispersibility（分散体系的）再分散性redox氧化还原作用refine纯化rehydration(冻干制剂的)水合relativehumidity相对湿度reprodu

25、cible可重现的repulsiveforces（分子间的）斥力reticuloendothelialsystem网状内皮系统reverseosmosis反渗透法(净化水)rheologicalproperties（液体制剂的）流变学性质ribosome核糖体rotavapor旋转蒸发仪routeofadministration给药途径rubberstopper橡胶封口塞rugosity皱褶Sample样品，取样samplinginterval取样间隔saturationsolubility饱和溶解度scale-up（生产规模）放大scanningelectronmicroscope扫描电镜s

26、creen药物筛选secondarydrying(冻干的)二级干燥secondaryenergyminimum（DLVO理论的）二级能量最低点sedimentation（混悬剂的）沉降sedimentationvolume（混悬剂的）沉降体积sesameoil芝麻油shelflife(药品的)货架期,有效期sieve筛子sinkcondition漏槽条件siphonoff虹吸，吮吸sizedistribution粒径分布sizedistribution(polydispersityindex)粒径分布（多分散性指数）sodiumchlorideinjection(0.9%saline)氯化钠注

27、射液(0.9%生理盐水)sodiumlaurate十二烷基硫酸钠sodiummetabisulfate亚硫酸氢钠solubility溶解度solubilizedsystem增溶系统solutedistribution溶质的分布solution溶液solvateformation形成溶剂化物solventevaporationtechnique（脂质体制备的）溶剂蒸发法sorbital山梨醇spectrophotometry分光光度法spherical球形的spherule小球spherulite球粒spinalanesthesia脊髓麻醉spinalcord脊髓spore孢子spray-dry

28、ing喷雾干燥stabilizer稳定剂stearicacid硬脂酸stericfactor位阻因素，空间因素stericallyhinder（因位阻作用而产生的）隐形sterilizatitial灭菌sterol甾酮stratumcorneum角质层striatedmusclefibers横纹肌纤维subcutaneousinjection皮下注射sublimation升华sulfatesalt硫酸盐sulfite亚硫酸盐sulfurdioxide二氧化硫supernatantsolution上清液supersaturatedsolution过饱和溶液supracolloid超胶体surfacetension表面张力surfactant表面活性剂surmountthepotentialenergybarrier越过能垒suspension混悬剂sustained-release缓释的sweetener甜味剂symbol符号syringe注射器syst