结构工程英语PPT

1、A Brief Introduction Of Architectural Engineering 12345 6DefinationClassificationConcrete Structure Steel Structure Masonry Structure Timber Structure 01DefinitionONEArchitectural engineering, also known as building engineering, is the application of engineering principles and technology to building

2、 design and construction.DefinitionBuilding structure is the system that composed of foundation, wall, column, beam, support, roof and other bearing members.柱下基础柱下基础楼板楼板柱柱梁梁梁梁墙墙楼梯楼梯地 下 室 底地 下 室 底板板墙下基础墙下基础02Classification TWOClassification by main structural materialsSteel Structure Concrete Structu

3、re Masonry Structure Timber Structure 03Concrete StructureTHREEConcrete is one of the most durable building materials.It provides superior fire resistance compared with wooden construction and gains strength over time. Structures made of concrete can have a long service life. The Buffalo City Court

4、Building in Buffalo, NY.Buffalo布法罗（美国纽约州西部一城市）Empire State Building1933 Movie poster for King KongPerhaps the most famous popular culture representation of the Empire State Building is in the 1933 film King Kong.Sydney Opera House Concrete StructureConcrete Structureplain concrete structurereinforce

5、d concrete structureprestressed concrete structure Many different types of structures and components of structures can be built using reinforced concrete including slabs, walls, beams, columns, found-ations, frames and more. Reinforced concrete can be classified as precast (预制) or cast-in-place (现浇)

6、 concrete.Comparison of the failure of reinforced concrete beams and plain concrete beamsConcrete StructureThree physical characteristics give reinforced concrete its special properties.1.The Concrete has protective effect on steel bar2.Coefficient of thermal expansion(热膨胀系数) of concrete is similar

7、to that of steel, eliminating large internal stresses due to differences in thermal expansion or contraction.3.When the cement paste within the concrete hardens, this conforms to the surface details of the steel, permitting any stress to be transmitted efficiently between the different materials. Us

8、ually steel bars are roughened or corrugated to further improve the bond or cohesion between the concrete and steel.Concrete Structure04Steel StructureFOURA steel structure building is a metal structure fabricated with steel for the internal support and for exterior cladding, as opposed to steel fra

9、med buildings which generally use other materials for floors, walls, and external envelope. Steel structure buildings are used for a variety of purposes including storage, work spaces and living accommodation. They are classified into specific types depending on how they are used.04Steel StructureFO

10、URSteel StructureEiffel TowerThe National Stadium Guangzhou Opera HouseCCTV TowerSteel StructureAdvantages1.Steel is a green product; it is structurally sound and manufactured to strict specifications and tolerances. It is also energy efficient. Any excess material is 100% recyclable.2.Steel does no

11、t easily warp, buckle, twist or bend, and is therefore easy to modify and offers design flexibility. Steel is also easy to install.3.Steel is cost effective and rarely fluctuates( flktuet 波动; 涨落)in price.Steel Structure4.Steel allows for improved quality of construction and less maintenance, while o

12、ffering improved safety and resistance.5.With the propagation of mold and mildew in residential buildings, using steel minimizes these infestations. Mold needs moist, porous material to grow. Steel studs do not have those problemsSteel Structure1.Heat conductivity:Calculations show that the web of a

13、n 18-gauge steel stud is about 31 times thinner than a two-by wood stud; however, steel conducts heat 310 times more efficiently than wood. As a net result, a two-by steel stud will conduct 10 times more heat than a two-by wood stud.2.Easy corrosion:surface need coating anti-corrosion coatings, redu

14、ce or avoid corrosion, improve the durability of life.DisadvantagesSteel StructureType of reinforcementreinforcementhot-rolled steel barcold-draw steel barcold-rolled steel bar heal treated rebar HPB235HRB335HRB400RRB400plain round bardeformed bar deformed bar deformed bar （热轧钢筋）（冷拉钢筋）（冷轧钢筋）（热处理钢筋）

15、non-prestressed steel（光圆钢筋）（变形钢筋）strenghductilityhigh strengh,low ductilityhigh strenghhigh strenghprestressed steelSteel Structuremechanical properties of steel barsreinforced bar with obvious yield point 比例极限屈服强度极限强度o(N/mm2)fyfted流幅abcoaelastic stageaproportional limit byield strength cdhardening

16、stagedultimate strength de failure stagereinforced bar without obvious yield point 0.2% 0.2(N/mm2)o 0.2conditional yield strengh（条件屈服强度）05Masonry StructureFIVEMasonry is the building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar.The common materials of masonry construction

17、 are brick, building stone.Masonry is generally a highly durable form of construction.Masonry StructureThe Great WallGreat Wild Goose Pagoda The Zhaozhou Brige ColosseumThe ancient pyramids of EgyptMilan CathedralMasonry StructureAdvantages1.The use of material such as bricks and stones can increase

18、 the thermal mass of a building and can protect the building from fire.2.Most types of masonry typically will not require painting and so can provide a structure with reduced life-cycle costs.3.Masonry structures can have a useful life of more than 500 years as compared to 30 to 100 for structures o

19、f steel or reinforced concrete.Masonry StructureDisadvantagesDisadvantages022.Low strengh033.Weak totality044.Great labour intensity01011.Large dead weightMasonry StructureMechanical modelling of masonry structuresFrom the point of view of material modelling, masonry is a special material of extreme mechanical properties (with a very high ratio between strength in compres