介词Prepostions

1、 Preposition Grammatical Meaning Morphological Features Classification Prepositional phrase & its Functions in sentenceWord or group of words used esp. before a noun or pronoun to show place, position, time, method, etc.Morphological features:1 form word;2 not used as sentence element;3 unstressed w

2、hen reading; 4 place before n. or pronoun;5 showing relationship between nouns and pronouns;The usage of prep. is a matter of habitual practice. Different prep. with the same word, & the same prep. with different words result in different meanings.According to:1 morphological structure 2 lexical mea

3、ning 形态结构形态结构词义词义1 simple prep. 2 compound prep.3 phrasal prep.4 participial prep.5 derivative prep.6 dual prep. 简单介词简单介词 合成介词合成介词 短语介词短语介词 分词介词分词介词 派生介词派生介词 二重介词二重介词 at, by, in, through, of into, upon, without, within, throughout according to, because of, instead of, in front of, in spite of, on ac

4、count of including, concerning, regarding aboard, around, along, behind, besides, beyond from behind, until afterTo show:time; place; reason; result; manner/method; affiliation;concession; accompanimentpurpose/target; 表示地点表示地点: about, above, across, against, along, among, around, at, before, behind,

5、 below, between, beside, by,down, from, in, into, near, off, on, out of, outside, over, past, to, within,through, towards, under; 表示时间表示时间: at, in, on, since, from, about, till (until), before, after, behind, by, within, for, during, around, past, to, between, near, over, into;表示方式、方法表示方式、方法: with,

6、in, by, through, without, according to, by means of;表示原因表示原因:from, of, through, for, with,over, by, in, on, because of, at, out of;表示目的、目标表示目的、目标: for, on, in, at, to, against, after;表示所属表示所属: of, from, out of, with, in;表示结果表示结果: in, into, out, of, to表示伴随表示伴随: with表示让步表示让步: after, despite, for, with

7、, in spite of;prepositional phrase:preposition and the noun or pronoun after it;It functions as:1 adverbial 2 attribute3 predicative 4 complementThe sun rises in the east. The young man stood against the door. The book on the desk is Jacks.A friend in need is a friend indeed. She looks like her moth

8、er. Who is on duty today? We found ourselves in a dark wood. Lincoln is seen as one of the greatest American presidents.1 表示地点的表示地点的in和和at一般小地方用一般小地方用at, 大地方用大地方用in。Doctor Bethune arrived in China in spring 1938.arrive at a station;2 表示时间的表示时间的in和和after in一般用于将来时一般用于将来时after一般用于过去时中一般用于过去时中Hell be b

9、ack in a week.He returned after a week.3 in和和on表时间区别表时间区别 in表一段时间表一段时间; on表具体时间表具体时间He usually goes to school in the morning.He usually stays at home on Sunday morning. at night, at noon, by day4 besides和和except的区别的区别besides “除了除了以外，还有以外，还有”except “只有只有除外除外”Besides Mr. Brown, we also went to see the

10、 film.（布朗先生也去了）（布朗先生也去了）Except Mr. Brown, we went to see the film. （布朗先生没去）（布朗先生没去）beside “在在旁边旁边”Come and sit beside me.except for 表示除去整体中的一部分。表示除去整体中的一部分。The composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.The village is quiet except for some birds singing in the woods.except that 后加从句

11、后加从句：The composition is very good except that there are a few spelling mistakes.The village is quiet except that there are some birds singing in the woods.5 in, to和和on表方位表方位in 某范围之内，某范围之内，to某范围之外，某范围之外，on 毗邻、接壤毗邻、接壤China lies in the east of Asia.Liaoning Province lies to the south of Heilongjiang Pr

12、ovince.Mongolia lies on the north of China.6 above, over 和和on的区别的区别above“在在之上、高于之上、高于”表示相对高度，不一定在正上方，表示相对高度，不一定在正上方，反义词是反义词是belowover“在在之上之上”表示垂直之上，反义词是表示垂直之上，反义词是under；on“在在之上之上”表示与表面接触，反义词是表示与表面接触，反义词是beneath A bird is flying above the wood. He keeps his head above water. There is a lamp over our

13、heads. He put a map on the desk.Practice for Preposition Part One: Choose best answer Part Two: Fill in the blanks1. The boat is passing _ the bridge. A under B through C across 2. We went to London _ October, 1997. A in B on C at AA3. Taiwan is _ the east of Fujian. A in B at C to4. _ the morning o

14、f June 27, they visited the Great Wall.A In B At C On D FromCC5. My room is _ the third floor. A at B on C in D to 6. They will leave a week _ today. A from B on C by D for BA7. My aunt has worked in a clinic _ 1949.A after B before C till D since8. The sewing machine is made _ China.A of B on C in

15、D fromDC9. His father will be back from London _ a few days.A since B on C in D to10. We need fifteen more people _ our team to do the job. A but B except C as well D besidesCD11. My uncle lives _ 105 Beijing Street. A on B at C to D of12. He slept well _ all the windows open. A when B while C with

16、D becauseBC13. I dont think you can finish the work _ my help. A since B because C without D unlessC14. No one knew Mr. Bensons address _ his daughter. A except B excepts C only D besideA15. Do you know any other foreign language _ English? A except B but C beside D besidesD16. They are going to pla

17、nt trees _ side of the road. A on both B in either C in both D on eitherD17. He suddenly returned _ a rainy night.A on B at C in D during18. We offered him our congratulations _ his success.A at B on C for D of AB19. If they are determined to strike, they will do so _ what the law says. A regardless

18、 of B instead of C in light of D in face ofA20. _ the fact that his initial experiments had failed, Professor White persisted in his research.A Because of B In spite of C As to D In view ofB21. We would contact your nearest relative _ any accident occurring.A in the event of B in the place of C in o

19、rder of D on account ofA22. _ the difficulty of getting a job, there will be the problem of finding accommodation in a place where rents are so high. A Except for B In addition C Apart from D Other thanC23. He knows English history quite well, but _ French history he can tell you nothing.A regarding

20、 B with regards C as regards to D as regardingA24. It is a well-known fact that water _ atoms of hydrogen and oxygen.A consists in B consists of C composed of D is made fromB25. _ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.A In spite of B Because of C But for D As forC1. _

21、modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.With2. _ the exception of institutions controlled by church or private corporations, Latin American universities are regulated by Federal laws.With3. I have given up trying to con

22、vince him; there is no point _ arguing with him.4. _ second thoughts, I have decided to postpone my visit to Japan.inOn5. Mr. Smith is looking for an experienced secretary who is capable _ a sales office.6. My parents are not interested in modern music. They are _ the times.ofbehind7. _ quite recent

23、ly, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home.8. I prefer writing a term paper _ taking an exam.Untilto9. It is said that the bus company will raise the bus fare _ 5%.10. The students are very familiar _ all the works of Shakespeare and Milton.bywith11. I forgot where I had put

24、 my key _ the door.12. Our Prime Minister made a short speech in America _ an interpreter.tothrough13. Please write in ink, and dont forget to write _ every other line.14. The children are playing _ the snow.onin15. Several bridges have been built _ the Huangpu River.16. Would you like to add some milk and sugar _ your coffee?overto17. We usually have a day off _ Christma