（推荐）九年级专项复习第一讲名词

1、(Go for it)新目标九年级英语毕业专项复习教案、学案、讲义及专项训练-名词九年级专项复习 第一讲 名词年级： 九年级 科目： 英语 主备人： 审阅人： 时间： 1、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类：1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如：Beijing, Tom, the Peoples Republic of China(中华人民共和国) 专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。如：the Great Wall(长城)姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家

2、人)。2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。如：student, family, man, foot.普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange；不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information .2、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下：在单数名词词尾加s。如：map maps,boy boys,horse horses, table tables.s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的

3、词加es.如：classclasses, boxboxes, heroheroes, dishdishes, benchbenches.注：少数以o结尾的词,变复数时只加s。如：photophotos, pianopianos.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：familyfamilies, citycities, partyparties.以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如：shelfshelves, wolfwolves, lifelives, knifeknives.2、不规则变化：manmen, womanwomen, sheepsheep,tootht

4、eeth, fishfish, childchildren, oxoxen, goosegeese， mousemice, Englishman Eenglishmen , deer deer , Chinese Chinese. Japanese Japanese不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。如：a bag of ricetwo bags of rice, a piece of paperthree pieces of paper, a bottle of milkfive bottles of milk. 3、名词所有格：1、 名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物

5、主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加s。如：Childerns Day(儿童节), my sisters book(我姐姐的书)(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加。如：Teachers Day(教师节)(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加s. 如：todays newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes break(十分钟的课间休息),Chinas population(中国的人口).(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。(主要用于表

6、示无生命的物品的名词)如： a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).2、注解： s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：my aunts(我阿姨家), the doctors(诊所) 两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and Bs 的形式,如：Lucy and Lilys bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室) “of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如：a friend of my fathers(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)部分名词之间可以用to 来表示所属关系。如：the answer to the que

7、stion“这个问题的答案”；the key to the door“门上的钥匙”；the way to+地点“通往某地道路”；the bridge to the knowledge“通往知识的桥梁”。4、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题：1、主语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式：如：The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)2、集体名词(如family, class, team, g

8、roup, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如：Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如：Class Three have a map of China.3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。如：There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊) / There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊)

9、4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数：The news is very exciting. 5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如：The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)6、a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如：A lot of students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球) A lot of time

10、 was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)7、and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。如：The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果) / Fish and chips is very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品)8、 there be 句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如：There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四

11、张椅子)9、用bothand连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如：Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)10、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如：A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. (一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边)11、eitheror或者 neithernor连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。如：Either you or he is right.(

12、要么是你对,要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的) / Neither you nor I am going there.(你和我都不打算去那里) 12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。如：Two months is not a short time.(两个月不是个短时间)Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距离).(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)13、主语中含有half of / (three quarters)of / all (of) the .等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词确定,如：Over three

13、quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的) / A third of the students were playing near the lake.(学生的三分之一(当时)正在湖边玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句) 写出下列名词的复数形式：1. pencil-box _ 2.wife _ 3. Sunday_4. city_ 5. dress _6. Engl

14、ishman _7. match _ 8. Chinese _9. zoo _10. exam_ 11. German _12. I have a lot of _(作业) to do every day.13. His _(裤子) are new, but mine are old.14. It is the best one of the _ (照片) in my family.15. Are they building any _ (图书馆) in the city?16. Can you cut this big pear into two _(半)?17. At the end of

15、 _(八月), you must get ready for the new school year.18.Are these_ (watch)yours? Yes. 19.You dont look well.Youd bett er go to the_ (doctor) at once20. I like a_. Its neither hot nor cold.、选择填充1 .June 1st is _ Day all over the world.A. Childs B. Childs C. ChildrensD. Childrens2 .September 10th is _ Da

16、y in China, isnt it?A. TeachersB. TeachersC. TeacherD. Teacher of_ is made of _.A. Glass; glassB. A glass; glassC. Glasses; glasses D. A glass; glasses3 .This is _ news.A. such a good B. a very good C. so good a D. such good4 .What _ it is! Lets go swimming.A. a fine weatherB. fine dayC. a fine dayD

17、. bad weather5 .They like Chinese _.A. food and peoples B. foods and people C. foods and people D. food and people6 .Lucy and I go to school _ every day.A. on feetB. on footC. by footsD. by buses8. Are those _? -No, they arent. Theyre _.A. sheep; cowsB. sheep; cowC. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows9. Wha

18、t are you listening to, Jane? _ or _?A. a music; a newsB. music; newsC. music; newsD. music; a news10 .How many _ and _ are there in your class?A. boy student; girl onesB. girls students; boys onesC. boys student; girl oneD. girl students; boy ones11.A group of _ are talking with two _ over there.A.

19、 Frenchmen; GermansB. Frenchmen; GermenC. German; FrenchmenD. Germans; Frenchmans12. That bus driver drank two _.A. glass of waterB. glasses of watersC. cups of teaD. cup of tea13. Mrs. Smith is an old friend of _.A. Bobs motherB. Bobs mothersC. mother of BobD. Bob mothers14. The tall man with a big

20、 nose is _ teacher.A. Tom and CarlB. Toms and CarlsC. Tom and Carls15. There is _ tree in our school.A. a 8-metres-tallB. an-8-metre-tallC. an 8 metres tall16 .In _ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.A.fewyear B. a few years C. few years D. a few years17. Did you hear the _ report?A. p

21、oliceB. policemens C. policemansD. policemens18. We bought _ for my mothers birthday.A. some meatsB. some pieces meatC. a piece of meatD. pieces of meats19. Whose is this new desk?-Its _.A. Sue and JimsB. Sue and JimC. Sues and Jims20. Would you like _ coffee?-No, thanks. Ive drunk two _.A.any; bott

22、les of orangeB. little; bottle of orangesC. some; bottles of orangeD. a few; bottle of orange21. How many _ do you want?-Two, please.A. kilos of eggB. kilo of eggsC. kilos of eggsD. kilo of bread22. The railway station is two _ from our house.A. hours drive B. hours driveC. hour-drive D. hours drive

23、23. Where are you going, Lucy?-_.A. To my uncleB. To my unclesC. At my uncleD. At my uncles24. Have you read _?A. a newspaper of todays B. today newspaperC. todays newspaper25. Therere a lot of _ down there, but hardly any _.A. horse; peopleB. horses; peoplesC. cow; peopleD. sheep; people26. Lucy pu

24、t a lot of _ in _ of tea. (2000西安)A. sugar; the two cupB. sugars; the two cupsC. sugar; the two cupsD. sugars; two cups27. Mr. Lin often gives us _ by e-mail. (2000上海)A. some good informationB. some good informationsC. good informationsD. a good information28. Is this your room?-No, its _ room.(2000

25、广州)A. box of appleB. boxes of applesC. box of apples D. boxes of apple29.Would you give me_,please? A.two papers B.two piece of paper C.two pieces of paper D.two pieces of papers 30.There are three_ and seven_ in the picture. A.monkeys,sheeps B.monkeys,sheep C.monkies,sheep D.monkies,sheeps 31.A lot of_ are talking with two_. A.Germans,Frenchmans B.Germen,Frenchman C.German, Frenchmen D.Germa