专业八级-901

1、专业八级 -901（ 总分： 100.00 ，做题时间： 90 分钟 ）一、 PART LISTENING COMPREHENSIO（N总题数： 0，分数： 0.00）二、 SECTION A（ 总题数： 1，分数： 10.00）（分数： 10.00 ）填空项 1: （正确答案： aid ）解析： 听力原文 1-10Good morning. Id like to begin this lecture by saying how pleased I am that so many of you have come to the first of our study skills session

2、s this term. Today Ill talk about how to take notes. Information presented in class often contains the central concepts of the course and the material most likely to be included on exams. Yet, students frequently do not realize the importance of notetaking. Note-taking is quite an interesting topic

3、to discuss. The note-taking process, like the learning process, involves more than just what happens in lectures. It is a process that requires you to do things before, during and after lectures.First I would ask, why do you take notes? I think you might consider two reasons.First, notes are an aid

4、to memory. Obviously if you are reading for a long essay over a period of weeks, or for two or three essays simultaneously, then you must have some system of sorting and recalling the information you will need when you finally come to plan and write the essay. Second, your notes provide the raw mate

5、rial on which your mind must work in relation to your set essay topic. And you will need certain types of information, such as: facts, figures and direct quotations. They must be available quickly and accurately. When you take notes, the process of doing it helps you to summarize ideas and arguments

6、, selectpoints relevant to your purpose, andfinally understand and interpret the original source.So note-taking is an important stage in developing your understanding of your topic. Your notes will provide the basis for your thinking and the materials for your essay. You may ask: when do you take no

7、tes? It really depends on your own purpose and the stage of reading you have reached. In your early stages of reading when you are skimming material of a general nature, you will probably not want to make any notes at all, until after you have finished your skimming and have got a feel for the subje

8、ct. Then you may find it useful to go back and make notes on the points or sections within the general survey which seemed important to you. At a later stage of reading, when you can recognize to underline key points or make marginal notes, you will probably want to do this with essential source mat

9、erials or original texts which you must study in detail and refer to constantly. Now we come to the question: what do you note, and how much do you take notes from reading?We often consider the following three ways:First what is the writers intention in the passage? You know the writer has selected

10、and structured his material to suit his intentions, but these are unlikely to be precisely the same focus as your essay topic. Therefore, while recognizing the writers own purpose, you must sift his information and ideas according to your own interests. The same hold true for lectures and tutorials.

11、And then, the discipline in which you are working. In disciplines in which you are working with original sources, for example: History or Literature, you will have to include many direct quotations in notes. As you will want to include some of these quotations in your essay, you must copy them with

12、absolute accuracy. You must remember to attribute the work to the original writer, too. In other disciplines you will more often make s summary of the passages you read.The last is your own purpose in relation to you essay topic. If your purpose is clear, you canselect and record relevant material a

13、s much detail as you want. Some students insist that they prefer always to take detailed notes because it is all so interesting or it may come in handy later or the book is an standard text and so it is worthwhile spending time on it. Well, maybe-but in practical terms you seldom have time.Now Ill d

14、eal with our last question: how do you take notes?There are three general principles that apply to all methods of compiling notes:1. Clear identification, Your notes must be clearly headed with all the bibliographical details you may later need, when you want to use these materials in your essay. In

15、 practice this means you must record the author, title, place of publication, publisher and edition, and date, And next to each key point or direct quotation you must note the exact page reference.2. Flexible system: You should record your notes in such a way that it is easy to rearrange them for th

16、e purpose of your essay. Notes made on loose-leaf paper and card have the advantage that they can be shuffled, combined and reorganized at the planning and writing stages of your essay.At the end of the interviewyou willbe given 10 seconds3. Room for comment: Wide margins are useful. As you build up

17、 your materials you will find you want to add cross-references to other sources. You may also want to include your own comments or reactions to the text, or just indicate that a certain point may be crucial to your essay.填空项 1:_ （正确答案：raw material )解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：intention )解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：sift )

18、解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：sources )解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：direct quotations )解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：summarize )解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：purpose )解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：dear identification)解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：comment)解析：三、 SECTION B（ 总题数：1，分数： 5.00）Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview.to answer each of the following five questions.

19、 Now. listen to the interview.be given 10 seconds(分数： 5.00 )Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will to answer each of the following five questions. Now. listen to the interview.(1) .What did Richard consider when choosing his product? (分数： 1.00 )A. Whether th

20、e suppliers could respond quickly to demand.B. Whether customers would be worried about the price.C. Whether product could be distributed around the world easily.D. Whether the market growth is stable. 解析： 听力原文 1-5W: Good morning, Richard. Now, in 1994 you were a computer science graduate with a goo

21、d job in an investment company and then you started Bookstore. Why?M: Well, I was thirty and settled at work, but then I came across a report predicting annual Internet growth at 2, 300%. The figure was like an alarm clock ringing in my head. I started to think aboutthe regrets I might have at eight

22、y. I realized I probably wouldnt evenremember the things thatseemed important in my thirties. But Id definitely tell myself Id been a fool to ignore the Internet.W: How did you go about choosing a product?M: Well, I drew up a list of twenty products, from clothes to gardening tools, and from that I

23、got a shortlist of five and then I assessed them. I thought about market growth in different countries and I also did some research into Suppliers. But there were other important factors as well. I wanted a product that didnt retail for too high a figure, I thought that since many people would be bu

24、ying from the Internet for the first time, they might be afraid to take a risk with large amounts of money.W: And what made you decide on books?M: Well, basically, t found out that books had an eighty-two billion dollar market worldwide, Theres also a high demand for CDs-a product I nearly went for-

25、but with books theres a much wider choice. Therere three million items in the book category, but only 300, 000 in CDs. This choice meant the capabilities of the computer in organizationand selection couldbe put to gooduse.W: Bookstore has certainly been very successful. Why do you think that is?M: W

26、ell, its not been easy. For the first five years, it was a struggle raising funds and developing the right software. The ideas werent the difficult thing. If you and I sat down here for an hour, wed come up with a hundred good ideas. The difficult thing is making those ideas work. There are several

27、key elements, which for me were research and recruiting the right staff.W: And youre satisfied with your customer growth?M: Well, it was a bit slow at first but then it picked up and from May of 1997 we started to see our greatest growth. We went from a hundred and twenty million dollars annual sale

28、s revenue to two hundred and thirty million dollars by the end of the year, and from 340, 000 customers to 15 million. 58% of them were repeat customers. By 1998, sales had reached almost three hundred and ten million dollars.W: And is Bookstores success reflected in its profits?M: Well, at the mome

29、nt were focusing on introducing ourselves to customers and we spend a loton advertising. Anything else would be a poor management decision. But, of course, its reflected in our final figures. Its not unusual for a four-year-old company like ours to be in an investment cycle. What is more unusual is

30、for a young company like Bookstore to be sold on the stock market, which happened in July of 1997.W: Bookstore is well-known for it high quality customer service. What is the secret of your success in this area?M: Well, firstly our hooks are delivered fast and any complaints are dealt with by email

31、and whats important is that the email is always answered in a friendly way, with the emphasis on the customer is always right. In fact, customers sometimes feel guilty about complaining because Bookstore staff are so helpful! Regular customers are recognized when they go to our website, and we sugge

32、st titles to them, based on their previous purchases.W: Do you think Bookstore offers a better service than its competitors?M: Well, yes. Wed been in the market for about two years before most of our competitors started so we had a head start and although some have caught up now, were still cheaper.

33、 Our book price includes tax and delivery. Most of our competitors prices dont. But whats more important is that Bookstore has a talented, hardworking staff. As an incentive, everyone is offered shares in the company and this helps to create a sense of ownership. We provide a better service because

34、of that.W: Thank you, Richard. It was very interesting to talk to you.分数：(2) .According to Richard, what has been an important element in Bookstores success? 1.00 )A. Attracting good staff.B. The many new ideas that were generated.C. His knowledge of computer software.分数： 1.00 )分数： 1.00 )分数： 1.00 )D

35、. Raising enough funds. 解析：(3) .What was Bookstores sales revenue at the end of 1997?A. 120 million dollars.B. 230 million dollars.C. 310 million dollars.D. 340 million dollars.解析：(4) .Why is Bookstores customer service so successful?A. The company is able to offer any book title in print.B. The com

36、pany deals with complaints in a positive way.C. The company gives priority to orders from regular customers.D. The company is able to offer fast delivery. 解析：(5) .Bookstore can perform better than its competitors becauseA. its distribution network is more efficient.B. it has a wider share of the int

37、ernational market.C. its staff have a personal investment in the company.D. its prices are cheaper. 解析：四、SECTION C( 总题数： 3，分数： 5.00)1. Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.Question 6 is bas

38、ed on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.Which of the following statements is true?(分数： 1.00 )A. The wounded woman was dead on the way to the hospital.B. In the second shooting, the man was deadly wounded.C. Th

39、e police have no evidence to show the shootings were gang-related.D. The condition of the child in the first shooting is not available this morning.解析： 听力原文 Two people were killed overnight in two apparently unrelated shootings in the Los Angeles area, police said on Monday. In the first incident at

40、 9:50 p. m. Sunday, four men approached a car in which two womenw ere sitting with a child and the groups exchanged words. According to Los Angeles County sheriffs Deputy Oscar Butao, one of the men then opened fire before his group fled on foot. One woman was killed and the other was wounded, and t

41、he condition of the wounded woman was not available this morning. The child was not injured. The second fatal shooting occurred at 12:05 a. m. , in which a man was shot dead at the scene. Authorities had not arrested any suspects in connection with the shootings. Butao said police did not have infor

42、mation about whether the shootings were gang-related, or the motives for the shootings.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen to the news.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following

43、 news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen to the news. (分数： 2.00 )分数： 1.00 )(1) .What is the problem with the space shuttle?A. Two of the ceramic tiles were damaged.B. Some gap fillers popped up. C. The space shuttle was over-hea

44、ted by high-speed friction with the atmosphere.D. The engine of the space shuttle was out of control. 解析： 听力原文 7-8Astronaut Steve Robinson is going where no one has ever gone in orbit-to a shuttles underside, which is covered with thousands of fragile ceramic tiles as a barrier to the scorching heat

45、 caused by high-speed friction with the atmosphere. Slivers of heat-resistant fabric filling the thin gaps between the tiles have popped up a couple of centimeters in two places. Engineers worry that the protrusions might change the aerodynamics of Discoverys reentry Monday and make some parts of th

46、e orbiter a few hundred degrees hotter than normal. They do not know if the shuttle can with stand the extra heat. So astronaut Robinsons task is to stand on the end of the robot arm mounted on the International Space Station, where Discovery is docked, and either pull out or trim the gap filler. He

47、 must be very careful not to strike and damage the delicate tiles with his space suit or tools, as he explained to reporters.分数： 1.00 )(2) .According to the schedule, the space shuttle will return to the earth on.A. Monday. B. Tuesday.C. Thursday.D. Friday.解析：Questions 9 and 10 are based on the foll

48、owingnews. At the end of the news item,you willbe given10 seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen to the news.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the followingnews. At the end of the news item,you willbe given分数： 2.00 )(分数： 1.00 )10 seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen

49、 to the news.(1) .The tea industry declined in India due to the following reasons EXCEPTA. falling demand.B. increasing popularity of soft drinks.C. high production costs.D. lower wages paid to domestic tea growers.解析： 听力原文 9-10The labor problems were the latest bad news for an industry that has bee

50、n hit in recent times by high production costs and slumping demand. Tea industry officials say wages are lower in other tea-producing nations. Labor costs account for more than half the total cost of tea production.The India Tea Associations deputy secretary, Pranjal Neog, says Indian tea, one predo

51、minant in world markets, has been steadily losing out as a result. The tea industry says it is also facing problems in the domestic market, which consumes 70% of the beverage produced in the country. Inrecent years, demand has stagnated or even declined in some areas due to the growing popularity of

52、 such beverages as soft drinks-particularlyamong younger people. Indian tea has traditionally dominated world markets since a few cases were exported to Britain in the mid-19th century. But now, says tea growers, they only see tough times ahead.(2) .Which of the following words can best describe the

53、 prospect of tea industry in India?(分数： 1.00 )A. Promising.B. Tough. C. UnprediCtable.D. Bright.解析：五、PART READING COMPREHENSIO（ 总N 题数： 0，分数： 0.00）六、TEXT A（ 总题数： 1，分数： 6.00）As a contemporary artist, Jim Dine has often incorporated other peoples photography into his abstract works. But, the 68-year-ol

54、d American didnt pick up a camera himself and start shooting until he moved to Berlin in 1995-and once he did, he couldnt stop. The result is a voluminous collection of images, ranging from early-20th-century-style heliogravures to modern-day digital printings, a selection of which are on exhibition

55、 at the Maison Europeenne de la Photographie in Paris. They are amongh is most prized achievements. I make photographs the way I make paintings, says Dine, but the difference is, in photography, its like lighting a fire every time.Though photography makes up a small slice of Dines vast oeuvre, the e

56、xhibit is a true retrospective of his career. Dine mostly photographs his own artwork or the subjects that he has portrayed in sculpture, painting and prints including Venus de Milo, ravens and owls, hearts and skulls. There are still pictures of well-used tools in his Connecticut workshop, delightf

57、ul digital self-portraits and intimate portraits of his sleeping wife, the American photographer DianaMiehener. Most revealing and novel are Dines shots of his poetry, scribbled in charcoal on walls like graffiti. To take in this show is to wander through Dines life:his childhood obsessions, his lov

58、es, his dreams. It is a poignant and powerful exhibit that rightly celebrates one of modern arts most intriguing-and least hyped-talents.When he arrived on the scene in the early 1960s, Dine was seen as a pioneer in the pop-art movement. But he didnt last long; once pop stagnated, Dine moved on. Pop art had to do with the exterior world, he says. He was more interested, he adds, in what was