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1、George OrwellEric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 21 January 1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist, and critic. His work is marked by lucid prose, awareness of social injustice, opposition to totalitarianism, and outspoken support of democratic s
2、ocialism.Author| Plot Summary |Old Major, the old boar on the Manor Farm, summons the animals on the farm together for a meeting, during which he refers to humans as enemies and teaches the animals a revolutionary song called Beasts of England.When Major dies, two young pigs, Snowball and Napoleon,
3、assume command and consider it a duty to prepare for the Rebellion. The animals revolt, driving the drunken, irresponsible farmer Mr Jones, as well as Mrs Jones and the other human caretakers and employees, off the farm, renaming it Animal Farm. They adopt the Seven Commandments of Animalism, the mo
4、st important of which is, All animals are equal.Animals:Snowball Napoleons rival and original head of the farm after Jones overthrow. He is mainly based on Leon Trotsky, but also combines elements from Lenin.Minimus A poetic pig who writes the second and third national anthems of Animal Farm after t
5、he singing of Beasts of England is banned.Human:Mr Whymper A man hired by Napoleon to act as the liaison between Animal Farm and human society. At first he is used to acquire necessities that cannot be produced on the farm, such as dog biscuits and paraffin wax, but later he procures luxuries like a
6、lcohol for the pigs.| Characters |5| Critical response |Contemporary reviews of the work were not universally positive. Writing in the American New Republic magazine, George Soule expressed his disappointment in the book, writing that it puzzled and saddened me. It seemed on the whole dull. The allegory turned out to be a creaking machine for saying in a clumsy way things that have been said better directly. Soule belie
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