英语八大时态[共21页]

1、初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表名称用 法 动词形式 ( 以 do 为例) 常 用 时 间 状 语 例 句in the morning/afternoon/ 一1. 现在的状态morning1.She is twelve. 般2. 经常性或习I/We/You/They do. every day/morning/Sunday 2.I get up at 6:30 every现 惯性的动作day. He/She/It does. on Sunay在3. 主语具备的 3.She likes swimming.always usually often 性格或能力时sometimes1. 过去某时发 一

2、I/We did. yesterday(morning/afternoon)生的动作或存1.I got up at 6:30般在的状态You did. last night/Sunday in 1990 yesterday. 过去时2. 过去经常或反复发生的动作He/She/It did.They did.two days ago alwaysusually often sometimes2.He always went to workby bus last year.I shall do.Im going to do.一般将来时1. 将来某时间要发生的动或存在的状态2. 将来经常或反复发生的

3、动作We/You/They/He/She/It will do.We/You/They aregoingto do.He/She/It is going totomorrow(morning/afternoon/evening)next year/month/week1.I will go to my home townnext week.2.Ill come to see you everySunday.3.Im going to swimtomorrow afternoon.do.现Im doing.1.She is watering the在现在或当前一段时间内正在He/She/It i

4、s doing.flowers.进 now 2.Are they working now?We/You/They are进行或发生的行 doing 3.They are listening to the 动作teacher. 时 .过I/He/She/It was doing1.We were reading in classthis time yesterday去进行过去某一时刻或某一段正在进行的动作.We/You/They weredoingat ten oclock yesterdayat that timethis time yesterday2.I was drawing a pic

5、turewhen the teacherwhen he came backcame in. 时 .现already just before neverHe/She/It has done. 1.Ive already posted the1. 过去发生或在 已经完成的某 letter.for three years We/You/They have1完 一动作对现在done since 1990 2.We have known each 造成的影响或 other for ten years.成. this morning结果时these days3.They lived here since2

6、. 表示过去已 1997.经开始并持续4.Have you ever been to 到现在的动作Beijing? 或状态过去完成过去某一时间前已经发后的动作或状态I/We/You/He/She/Ithad done .by the end o f when+ 一般过去时before+ 一般过去时1.I had learned 2000 wordsby the end of last term.2.When I got out,the bushad already left.时现在完成现在以前的一段时间里一直进行的动作 ,这个运作可能I/We/You/They havebeen doing .

7、since nine o clock1.I have been skating forfive hours.仍在进行 , 也进He/She/It has been for five hours 2.She has been skatingdoing . since nine o clock.可能继续进行 行下去时初中英语时态专项练习1、 一般现在时。通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes 。 ”一般现在时基本用法介绍一、一般现在时的效用1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如： The sky is blue. 天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

8、如： I get up at six every day. 我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如： The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。二、一般现在时的组成 :肯定句 ：1).主语+系动词be(is, am, are )+名词（形容词,介词短语）2) .其他主语+动词原形 +其它第三人称单数 +动词-s+其它如： I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。We study English. 我们学习英语。 Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。2三、一般现在时的变化否定句： 1)主语+ be （is,am,are）+ not +其它。 如：He

9、 is not a worker. 他不是工人。2)其他主语 +do not(don 动 词t)原形 +其它 I dont like bread第三人称单数 +does not(doesn 动词t原) 形 +其它 He doesnt often play.一般疑问句： 1)Be（Is,Are ） +主语+其它?如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.2)Do 其他主语 +动词原形 +其它？Does+第三人称单数 +动词原形 +其它+？注意：遇 I/weyou, myyour, someany.Does she go to work by b

10、ike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.特殊疑问句： 疑问词 +一般疑问句。如： Where is my bike?How does your father go to work?一般现在时用法专练 :一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Ni

11、ck _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?二、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.( 改为否定句 )2. I do my homework every day.( 改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 )3. She likes milk.( 改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答 )7. I like taking photos in the park.( 对划线部分提问 )8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问 )三、改错 (划出错误的地方,将

12、正确的写在横线上 )1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _35. She don t do her homework on Sundays. _2、现在进行时。通常用 “now/look/listen ”.1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的结构： .肯定句 ： 主语+be（is,am,are

13、） +动词现在分词 -ingeg: I am(not) doing my homework.You/We/They are(not) reading.He/She/It is(not) eating.否定句： 主语+be（is,am,are ）+not + 动词现在分词 -ing一般疑问句： Is(Are)+ 主语+动词现在分词 -ing？特殊疑问： 疑问词 + be + 主语 + 动词 ing?3.动词加 ing 的变化规则1)一般情况下,直接加 ing,如： cook-cooking2)以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e 加 ing,如： make-making, taste-tasting3)

14、如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 ing,如：run-running, stop-stopping,swim swimming4. 现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom

15、.3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .( 分别改成一般疑问句和否定句 )2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答 )3I m playing the football in the

16、playground .( 对划线部分进行提问 )43、 一般过去时态一般过去时通常用 “a moment ago, just now, yesterday, last 等。 ”1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was。（ was not=wasn）tare 在一般过去时中变为were。（ were not=weren ）t带有 was 或 were 的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和 is, am, are 一样,即否定句在 was 或 we

17、re 后加 not,一般疑问句把 was 或 were调到句首。3.行为动词的一般过去时变化肯定句（ Positive ）动词过去式 I went shopping last night.否定句 (Negative) didn t +动词原形 I didn t go shopping last night.一般疑问句 (Yes/No) Did +动词原形 ? Did you go shopping last night?特殊疑问句 (wh-) What did +动词原形 ? What did you do last night?4.动词过去式的变化：规则动词的变化：一般动词 +ed plan

18、ted,watered,climbed以不发音的 e结尾 +d liked辅音字母加 y结尾 -y+ ied study studied, cry- cried重读闭音节单词,末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写最后一个字stop stopped母 +edplan - planned不规则动词的变化：原形过去式 原形过去式 原形过去式 原形过去式sweep swept teach taught have had go wentkeep kept think thought do did find foundsleep slept buy bought eat ate say saidfeel felt

19、drink drank is/am was take tookread read give gave are were mean meantput put sing sang drive drove meet metcut cut begin began speak spoke make madelet let ring rang write wrote see sawfly flew run ran ride rode come camedraw drew sit sat hear heard tell told5grow grew learn learned/ learnt get got

20、 know knew5.特殊疑问句：疑问词 +did+ 主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词 +动词过去式？如： Who went to home yesterday?过去时练习 :写出下列动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_pass_ do _Be 动词的过去时练习 :A一、 用 be 动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school ju

21、st now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.二、 句型转换1. It was exciting.否定句： _一般疑问句： _肯、否定回答： _2. All the students were very excited.否定句： _一般疑问句： _肯、否定回答： _行为动词的过去时练习 :B一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He _ (live) in

22、Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I _ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.二、句型转换1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句： _一般疑问句： _6肯、否定回答： _2. We sang some English songs.否定句

23、： _一般疑问句： _肯、否定回答： _三、中译英1格林先生去年住在中国。2. 昨天我们参观了农场。3. 他刚才在找他的手机。过去时综合练习A一、 用动词的适当形式填空1. It _ (be) Ben s birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)4. Jim s mother _ (plant) trees just now.5. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on

24、Sunday? No, they _.二、 中译英1.我们上周五看了一部电影。2.他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。3.你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。4、一般将来时概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year ),soon, the day after t（om后o天rro）w等。1.基本结构 ：主语+be (is,am,are)going to +动词原形 .主语+will+动词原形 .2.否定句： 主语+be (is,am,are)+not +going to +动

25、词原形 .主语+will +not(won t)+动词原形 .例如： I m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.3.一般疑问句： Is(Are)+ 主语+going to +动词原形 .+?Will+ 主语+动词原形 +?例： We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? Yes,we are. No, we aren t

26、.Will he go to Beijing next week? Yes,he will. No,he won t.4.对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1).问人。 Who 例如： I m going to New York soon. Who s going to New York soon.72).问干什么。 Wha t d o例. 如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. Whis your father going to do with you this afternoon.

27、3).问什么时候。 When.例如： She s going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?5 同义句： be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow （明天） . = I will go swimmingtomorrow.一、练习：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I_ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛 ? 我想去打篮球。 What

28、_ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do nextMonday? I _ play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是,她要去买一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ goshopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。 What time _ you _ _ meet?二、改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping. （改否定） Nancy _ going to go ca

29、mping.6. I ll go and join the（m改. 否定） I _ go _ join them.7. I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorro.（w改一般疑问句） _ _ _ to get up at6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30. （改一般疑问句） _ _ meet at the bus stop at10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school. （对划线部分提问） _ _ she _ _ after s

30、chool?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.( 同上 ) _ _going to see a play the day after tomorrow.三、用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today

31、is rain. He _ (go) toschool by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch)insects?15. It s Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TVand _ (catch) insects.16. What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What_ (do) next Sunday?

32、I _ (milk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.819. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I _ (plan) for my study now.5.过去进行时：肯定句： 主语+助动词 be (was,were)+动词现在分词 -ing+ 其它否定句： 主语+助动词 be (was,were)+not+ 动词现在分词 -ing+ 其它一般疑问句： Was(W

33、ere)+主语+动词现在分词 -ing+其它？特殊疑问句： 疑问词 +was(were)+动词现在分词 -ing+ 其它?用法:1、 表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作, 往往有表示过去的时间状语 then, at that time, this timeyesterday 等,或与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作 （即与 when, while 引出的时间状语从句连用） 。例：They were talking about a film at six yesterday evening. 昨晚 6 点他们正在谈论一部电影。What were you doing at this time last

34、week? 上周的这个时候你在干什么？When the teacher came in, they were talking. 老师进来时,他们在讲话。2、 表示在过去某一段时间内进行的动作。例：They were swimming from two to three yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午 2 点到 3 点他们在游泳。She was watching TV the whole morning. 她整个上午在看电视。3、 表示过去将要发生的动作。例：He said he was leaving on Tuesday. 他说他周二动身。Tom said he was

35、going tomorrow. 汤姆说他明天去。4、 用过去进行时描写故事背景。例：It was getting dark. The wind was rising. 天渐渐黑了下来,风势增强了。The procession was going. He was standing among the crowd looking on. 队伍在前进。 他站在人群中观看。5.过去进行时练习题：一、 单项选择( )1.My brother _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself.A. fell, was riding B. fell, were riding

36、 C. had fallen, rode D. had fallen, was riding( )2. Tom _ into the house when no one _.A. slipped, was looking B. had slipped, lookedC. slipped, had looked D. was slipping, looked( )3.The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields.A. had seen, was picking B. saw, picked C. had seen, picked D. saw

37、, was picking( )4.I don t think Jim saw me; he _ into space.A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared( )5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She _ at a radio shop at the time.A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked( )6.-Hey, look where you are goi

38、ng!-Oh, I m terribly sorry._.A. I m not noticing B. I wasn t noticing C. I haven t noticed D. I don t notice9( )7. The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it.A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been traveling D. was to travel( )8. I _ my breakfast when the morning post came.A. had

39、B. had been having C. have been having D. was having( )9.When I arrived at his office, he _ on the phone.A. was speaking B. spoke C. had been speaking D. had spoken( )10. “ What s the matter, Ali? You look sad. ”“ Oh, nothing much. As a matter of fact, I _ of my friends back home. ”A. just thought B

40、. have just been thinking C. was just thinking D. have just thought二、动词填空。John_（work） all day yesterday.He _（walk） home when the （rian）_begin. What_you _ （do） at ten oclock yesterday I_（studay） in classWhen Harry _ （have） breakfast Lily _ （telephone） him When I _ （go） to school this morning I _ （see

41、） a car running into a bus6. This time yesterday Jack _ (mend) his bike.7. I _ (write) a letter at ten last night.8. It was six. The Greens _ (have) supper.9. When you _ (knock) at the door yesterday,I _ (do) some washing.10. While my mother _ (watch) TV, I _(make) a kite.三、 英汉互译。1.昨晚我给你打电话时,你正在干什么？

42、2.上中学时,我住老师家里。3.他昨天本来要看那场戏的,可是太忙了。4.They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai.5.Soon the whole town was talking about it.6. 现在完成时组成： 肯定句 ：主语 +助动词 have（has）+动词过去分词 -ed否定句： 主语+助动词 have（has）+not(haven t,hasn动词 过t)+去分词 -ed一般疑问句： Have(Has)+ 主语+动词过去分词 -ed+？特殊疑问句： 疑问词 +have(has)+ 主语+动词过去分词 -ed+

43、？10用法：1、 表示说话之前已完成的动作,而且这个动作的结果对现在是情况仍有影响。常被just,already,yet 等副词修饰。Mr. Wang has just come back from America. 王先生刚从美国回来。2现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在, 常带有 for 或 since 等表示一段时间的状语。如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.3.现在完成时瞬间动词即终止性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。常见终止性动词与延续性动词 (或状态动词) 的对应关系如下 :come / go / arrive / get /

44、reach / move- be in/atopen - be open die - be deadclose - be closed become -beborrow - keep put on - wearbuy - have leave - be away (from)begin / start - be on fall asleep - be asleepend/finish - be over catch a cold - have a coldjoin the army - be in the army, be a soldierjoin the Party- be in the

45、Party , be a Party member例：吉姆买这支已有两年了。Jim bought this pen two years ago.Jim has had this pen for two years.Jim has had this pen since two years ago.Jim has had this pen since 2007It is two years since Jim bought this pen.4.在表示 “最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来 ”时间状语中,谓语动词用现在完成时。in the past few years/months/weeks/days

46、；over the past few years; during the last three months; forthe last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等5.表示 “第几次做某事, ”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词that ”后面跟现在完成时。例： This is my first time that I have visited China.This is the most interesting film I have ever se

47、en.That is the only book that he has written.6. have / has been to + 地点 意为“曾去过某地 ”,暗含目前已不在该地,仅表示当事人的一种经历而已。have / has gone to + 地点 “到了某地去了 ”,暗含 “已离开原地去了某地 ”之意, 但是否到达了某地尚不确定。11如：He has gone to Shanghai. 他去了上海。He has been to Shanghai. 他去过了上海。7.现在完成时专项练习一、 单项选择。( )1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe th

48、ey _whats happened to him . knew . have known . must know .will know( )2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?. already .never .ever . Still( )3、Have you met Mr Li _ ？. just . ago .before . a moment ago( )4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . is writing .was writing .wrote .has wr

49、itten( )5、Our country _ a lot so far .Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has changed ; well . changed ; good. has changed ; better . changed ; better( )6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . was ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are ; studying( )7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew( )8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see( )9、These farmers have been to the United States .Really ? When _ there ?. will they go . did they