高考英语完形填空解题技巧指导课件

1、2021/3/131 Major Skills for Cloze Test 高考英语英语完形填空答题技巧高考英语英语完形填空答题技巧 2021/3/132 2021/3/133 2021/3/134 2021/3/135 格式塔心理学格式塔心理学: 又叫完形心理学又叫完形心理学, ,当看见不完整的事物时当看见不完整的事物时, ,人们人们 根据脑子里对事物的完整概念，会在思想上把根据脑子里对事物的完整概念，会在思想上把 它补全它补全. . 完形填空完形填空: : 对对 语篇缺失的信语篇缺失的信 息进行猜测、息进行猜测、 推断、验证。推断、验证。 2021/3/136 近年高考完形填空题型特点近

2、年高考完形填空题型特点 1.1.体裁上体裁上: : 主要有记叙文、说明文和议论文三种体裁。主要有记叙文、说明文和议论文三种体裁。 但大多以叙为主但大多以叙为主, , 叙议结合叙议结合; ; 2.2.内容上内容上: : 讲述一个贴近考生实际生活的小故事讲述一个贴近考生实际生活的小故事, ,在末在末 尾进行升华尾进行升华, ,揭示人生的道理，往往富有思揭示人生的道理，往往富有思 想性教育性想性教育性; ; 2021/3/137 2021/3/138 细读文章的第一句话 高考完形填空选文的第一句话通常是完整的。该句 往往就是主题句（Topic Sentence）,这就为我们理解 文章的内在联系提供了

3、一个“窗口”,它的句意往往为 全文提供中心信息，能直接概括全文大意、揭示主题。 充分重视首句的标示作用，利用它为解题找到一个 突破口，据此展开思维，争取开局胜利。 2021/3/139 I tried to find a 12 position and thought it might be restful, 13 even kind of nice, to be 14 around for a while. Looking around, I 15 realized I would have to handle the thing my-self ! My hands started to

4、ache as I 16 turned the heavy metal wheels. I came to know that controlling the direction of the wheelchair was not going to be an easy task. 12. A. flexible B. safe C. starting D. comfortable 14. A. shown B. pushed C. driven D. guided 2021/3/1310 Do you also find it difficult to achieve high grades

5、 in the cloze test? 2021/3/1311 Do you know why it is called “Cloze” ? How can we change this situation? 词语同复现词语同复现 ReiterationReiteration The blanks in the passage are closely related to the context. 2021/3/1312 Lets find the answers to the questions and search for the clue words. 2016 2016 课标全国课标全

6、国 I I A Heroic DriverA Heroic Driver 2021/3/1313 A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . 41. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing 42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers

7、Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher(灭火器灭火器). 2021/3/1314 单独使用的动词 to go or move at a particular speed, in a particular direction, or a particular distance （以某速度、朝某方向或（以某速度、朝某方向或 在某距离内）在某距离内）行进行进，转送，传播，转送，传播 to travel at 50 miles an hour 以每小时以每小时5050英里的速度行进英里的速度行进 News travel

8、s fast these days. 如今消息传播得很快。如今消息传播得很快。 traveltravel 2021/3/1315 to travel around a place, for example on holiday/vacation, or to perform, to advertise sth, etc. 在在旅游；在旅游；在巡回演出（或做宣传巡回演出（或做宣传 广告等）广告等） He toured America with his one-man show. 他在美国进行了个人巡回演出。他在美国进行了个人巡回演出。 tourtour 2021/3/1316 A Heroic

9、Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . 41. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing 42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguis

10、her(灭火器灭火器). 2021/3/1317 deliverdeliver TAKE GOODS/LETTERS 送货送货 / 信信 (sth) (to sb/sth) to take goods, letters, etc. to the person or people they have been sent to; to take sb somewhere 递送；传送；交付；运载递送；传送；交付；运载 Leaflets have been delivered to every household. 传单已发送到每家每户。传单已发送到每家每户。 2021/3/1318 A Heroic

11、 Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . 41. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing 42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extingui

12、sher(灭火器灭火器). 语义场语义场 （同一话题（同一话题) ) (semantic (semantic field)field) 2021/3/1319 One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 get hold of the fire extinguisher (灭火器灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.

13、45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam One thing is 59 - Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! 同同/ /近义词近义词 (synonym)(synonym) 2021/3/1320 One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. The man who had his bright lights on

14、48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏毁坏的的) vehicle. 46. A.used B. disabled C.removed D. abandoned 同同/ /近义词近义词 (synonym)(synonym) 2021/3/1321 51 the vehicle,they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told he

15、r to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck. .Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! 51. A.Starting B

16、.Parking C.Passing D.Approaching 同同/ /近义词近义词 (synonym)(synonym) 2021/3/1322 They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck. 52. A. quiet B. st

17、ill C. away D. calm 反义词反义词 (antonym)(antonym) 2021/3/1323 Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go. 57. A.woman B.police C.man D.driver 上下义上下义/ /总分总分 (hyponymy)

18、 (hyponymy) 上义词上义词 ( (概括概括) )下义词下义词 ( (具体分述具体分述) ) instrument piano，violin，drum adult parents，teachers，professor 2021/3/1324 Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go. 58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free 反义词反义词 (antonym)(antonym) 2021/3/1325 to a

19、llow sb to be free 放，释放（某人）放，释放（某人） 让某人离开让某人离开 （同义词）（同义词）free Will they let the hostages go? 他们是否会释放人质？ let sb golet sb go 2021/3/1326 Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go. 58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free 同同/ /近义词近义词 (synonym)(synonym) 反

20、义词反义词 (antonym)(antonym) 2021/3/1327 20162016 ( (记叙记叙) ) 原词原词 (the same word) 同近义词同近义词 (synonym) 反义词反义词 (antonym) 上下义上下义/ / 总分总分 (hypo- nymy) 语义场语义场/ / 同一话题同一话题 (semanti c fields) 同源同源/ / 同根词同根词 (cognate word) 题题 次次 答答 案案 45. 46 51. 58 5257.58 41 42 A. B D. D BB. D C D Fill in the table 2021/3/1328

21、原词原词(the same word) 同源同源/ /同根词同根词 (cognate word) 同同/ /近义词近义词 (synonym) 反义词反义词 (antonym) 上下义上下义/ /总分总分 (hyponymy) 语义场语义场/同一话题同一话题 (semantic field) 2021/3/1329 Tips: 1. Its a competition. 2. Stand up as soon as possible if you find the answer to the question. 3. Point out the clue words and tell the k

22、ind of reiteration. Task 1 Task 1 运用同复现法解决小语境问题运用同复现法解决小语境问题 2021/3/1330 1. Many are concerned that gifted children become bored and lose interest in learning . However, this _ is more often from parents and teachers than from students. Aconcern Bconclusion Creflection Dinterest 同源同源/ /同根词同根词 (cogna

23、te word)(cognate word) 2021/3/1331 2.Grasslands need time to recover when cattle and other animals feed on them.Moving animals from one field to another can provide the_ needed for new growth. Acattle Btime Cspace Dhelp 原词原词 (the same word) (the same word) 2021/3/1332 3. Car drivers have to obey tra

24、ffic regulations that tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes.Cyclists who give signals before turning or stopping help prevent _ . A. accidents Bmistakes C. falls Ddeaths 上下义上下义/ /总分总分 (hyponymy)(hyponymy) 2021/3/1333 4. Our father was a struggling lawyer , but I always knew h

25、e was special. He never criticized us, but used _ to bring out our best. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise 反义词反义词 (antonym) (antonym) 2021/3/1334 5. “Hooray!” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest _I had ever heard at a meet.The first-place runner was two laps ahead of me when she crossed the fini

26、shing line Acheer Bshout Ccry Dnoise 语义场（同一话题语义场（同一话题)(semantic field)(semantic field) 2021/3/1335 6. That is what a hobby means, I guess. It is something we like to do in our spare time simply for the_of it.The value in dollars is not important; we do it for the pleasure it gives us. Abenefit Bgood

27、 Cfun Dinterest 同同/ /近义词近义词 (synonym)(synonym) 2021/3/1336 Task 2 Task 2 运用同复现法解决大语境问题运用同复现法解决大语境问题 1. Read the cloze passage and choose the best answers using the strategy by yourself (about 6 minutes) 2. Discuss in groups and fill in the table below the passage (about 3 minutes) . 3. Report your f

28、indings to the class. 2021/3/1337 As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42 . For example, on Christmas morning , children are excited about 43 with their new toys. .

29、 Adolescents enter high school .The same is true of the young adults going to college. .Before people retire, . 41. A. principle B. habit C. weaker D. power 42. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages 2021/3/1338 For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys.

30、But their 44 soon wears off and by January those 45 same toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 46 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someones 47 interest. 44. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow 46. A. well-organized B. colorfully

31、-printed C. newly- collected D. half-filled 47. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main 2021/3/1339 Adolescents enter high school with great 50 but are soon looking forward to 51 . 50. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement 51. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success A

32、s a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规常规)basis. . children are excited about playing with their new toys. But their 44 interest soon wears off .as a monument to someones 47 interest. Adolescents enter high school with great 50 excitement but a

33、re soon looking forward to graduation. .who now complain (抱怨抱怨) about the long drives to work, 53 eagerly drove for hours at a time excited 2021/3/1340 But their 44 soon wears off and by January those 45 toys can be found put away in the basement. . Within a short time, .Adolescents enter high schoo

34、l with great 50 but are soon looking forward to 51 . . But 58 after retirement , the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other past- imes become as boring as the jobs they 59 . 58. A. only B. well C. even D. soon. 59. A. lost B. chose C. left D. quit 2021/3/1341 For example, on Christma

35、s morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys. But their 44 soon wears off and by January those 45 same toys can be found put away in the basement. And , like the child in January, they go searching for new 60 . 60. A. pets B. toys C. friends D. colleagues 2021/3/1342 2014(2014(议论议论)

36、) 原词原词 (the same word) 同近义词同近义词 (synonym) 反义词反义词 (antonym) 上下义上下义/ / 总分总分 (hypo- nymy) 语义场语义场/ / 同一话题同一话题 (semantic fields) 同源同源/ / 同根词同根词 (cognate word) 题次题次 Fill in the table 41. 44 46. 47 514251. 59 44.58 60 50 2021/3/1343 原词原词 (the same word) 同近义词同近义词 (synonym) 反义词反义词 (antonym) 上下义上下义/ / 总分总分 (h

37、ypo- nymy) 语义场语义场/ / 同一话题同一话题 (semantic fields) 同源同源/ / 同根词同根词 (cognate word) 20162016 ( (记叙记叙) ) 20142014 ( (议论议论) ) 45. 46 51. 58 5257 41 42 41. 44 46. 47 5142 51 59 44.58 60 50 2021/3/1344 Reiteration is widely used in the cloze test. Reiteration is also widely used in the reading comprehension a

38、nd gap-filling reading. 2021/3/1345 Instruction: 1.Suppose you were an expert, set some blanks for the passages below using the strategy learnt in this class. 2. Discuss with your partners. 2021/3/1346 1. (2016 北京）北京） How could the medicine get to Nome? The towns harbor was already full of ice, so i

39、t couldnt come by ship. Cars and horses couldnt travel on the snowy roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didnt exist yet. (2 blanks) 2021/3/1347 1. (2016 北京）北京） How could the medicine get to Nome? The towns 39 was already full of ice, so it couldnt come by ship. Cars and horses couldnt travel on the

40、40 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didnt exist yet. 39. A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border 40. A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty 2021/3/1348 2. (2015天津天津) Days later, we made an offer - far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didnt laugh at us. They renewed their offer instead. I

41、t was also much more than we could afford, but far less than the original asking price. The next day, we got a disappointing message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the owners directly. We made our final offer, which still was thousands of dollars

42、 less than the other buyers bid. We knew it, but we had to try. (3 blanks) 2021/3/1349 2. (2015天津天津) Days later, we made an 23.offer - far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didnt 24.laugh at us. They renewed their offer 25.instead. It was also much more than we could afford, but far 26.less

43、 than the original asking price. The next day, we got a 27.disappointing message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the 28.owners directly. We made our final offer, which 29.still was thousands of dollars less than the other buyers bid. We knew it, 3

44、0.but we had to try. (3 blanks) 2021/3/1350 【真题演练真题演练 】 新课标新课标20172017全国卷全国卷I I 解题三部曲解题三部曲:读读-填填-读读 2021/3/1351 My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ 41 my job. Family to Feed.” At this store, a 42 like th

45、is is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and made a 43 on how bad it must be to have to stand 44 in the cold wind.In the store, I asked each of my kids to 45 something they thought our “friend” there would 46. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. 41. A. Quit B. Changed C. Lost D. F

46、inished 42. A. condition B. place C. sight D. show 43. A. suggestion B.comment C. decision D. call 44. A. by B. proudly C. outside D. angrily 45. A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick 46. A. appreciate B. supply C. order D. discover 语境、语境、 词义词义 上下文上下文 2021/3/1352 Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a 47. I thought about it. We were 48 on cash ourselves, butwell, sometimes 4