选修课外贸英语chapter 3

1、Chapter 3Chinas Economy中国经济WhatdoyouknowaboutChinaseconomy?CanyoudescribethemainstrengthofChinaseconomy?New words 1wondern.奇迹economicwonders经济奇迹thewonderofseeinghisnameinprint惊奇 wonderdrug神奇的奇妙的 Iwasjustwonderingifyoucouldhelpme.不知您是否能帮我个忙。nowonder,littlewonder,orsmallwonder难怪；怪不得；不足为怪 2flagging动名词“

2、正在衰退中的” economicrecession;economicdownturn 经济衰退decaydeclinefalloffwearawaywitherNew words 3incentiven.刺激；动机，鼓励（materialincentives物质刺激） ManycompaniesinBritainarekeenontheideaoftaxincentivesforR&D.英国许多公司都很欢迎以税收优惠的方式来鼓励研发的想法。 Alittlebonuswillgivetheemployeesanincentivetoworkharder.一点奖金可以刺激雇员更加努力地工作. 4a

3、stoundinga.令人震惊的Therewasanastounding20%increaseinsales.销售量惊人地增加了20%。astonishing使人吃惊的惊奇的New words 5oxn.牛（统称）（theyearofox牛年） 6tostumblevi.放慢速度=toslowdown Stumbleacross偶然遇到 7tosymbolisevt.象征 Typify作为典型，具有特征象征，symbolize，standfor，represent 8fortituden.坚忍；刚毅 9castrateda.经过阉割的（bull阉割过的公牛）New words 10robust

4、a.强劲的=strong 11migranta.季节性（workers农业季节性工人；农民工） 12dismala.低落的；忧郁的 13outrighta.彻底的 14slumpn.& vi. 萧条；陷入萧条=depressionorfallingintodepression. 15compellinga.使人非相信不可的 16energy-guzzlinga.能源消耗大的New words 17todeflatevt.使缩小（toapotentialbubble对一个潜化的泡沫进行缩小） 18build-upn.逐步扩大（instocks库存变大） 19toexacerbatevt.加剧 2

5、0mantran.赞歌；赞美圣歌 21destockingn.除库存化 22totrashvt.视为无用(toconsidersth.worthless) 23faken.伪造品New words 24boostn.坛加；促进（有时也当动词用如，toboosttheeconomy） 25todentvt. 削降 26toscrapevt.废弃（toremove） 27towaivevt.放弃；坚持 28down-paymentn.首付（apartialpaymentmadeatthetimeofpurchase,topermitthebuyertotakethemerchandise） 29t

6、osurgevi. 快速上升 30tocripplevt.使丧失经营能力New words 31torevivevi. 复活；恢复生机 32heavy-handeda.严励的；不客气的（ratherunkind） 33tomeddlevt.多管闲事（tointerestoneselfortakeactionwhenitisnotonesconcern.） 34tohobblevt.阻碍；使跛行（toabull使公牛跛行） 35virilityn.刚强有力 36hoofn.蹄 37HSBC=HongKongShanghaiBankingCompany汇丰银行Economic Terms 1slu

7、mpn. 萧条（depression）Anextendedorsevereperiodofrecession. 2rebaten. 折扣/回扣（adiscountofferedonthepriceofagoodorservice.） 3commandeconomy(plannedeconomy)计划经济Aneconomyinwhichtheactivitiesoffirms（企业；公司）andthelocationofproductiveresourcesaredeterminedbygovernmentdirectionratherthanmarketforces.Economic Term

8、s 4capitalism(capitalisteconomy)资本主义（经济）Aneconomicsystembasedontheprivateownershipofcapitalandlandusedinproductionandonthemarketallocationofresources 5badloan坏帐；呆帐（与nonperformingloans同义）Useful Phrases and Idiomatic Expressions 1begloomyabout.对表示悲观 2toslideinto.不知不觉陷入=toentersilentlyorunintentimally

9、3toplungeto.冲入（tototheitslowestlevel跌到它的底谷/最低水平 4tomakefor.有利于产生=beinghelpfulinmakingsthpossible 5tobearthebruntof.承受的正面冲击Useful Phrases and Idiomatic Expressions 6tosoundthealarmbells敲警钟 7toperkup振作起来；活跃起来=tocausetobecomemorelively 8tokickin缴付 9inrealterms实际上 10tohingeon.取决于随而定=todependonUseful Phr

10、ases and Idiomatic Expressions 11topullout.使脱离（topullaneconomyoutofadeeprecession使经济从严重衰退中摆脱出来 12atacost付出代价 13tohobblethebull使公牛跛行Notes J.P.Morgan 摩根公司 J.P.MorganisanAmericanbankholdingcompany,alsoawell-knowninvestmentbankingfirmwhichunderwritessecuritiesaswellasdoescommercialbankingNotes OECD 经济合作

11、发展组织 OECD(OrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment)wascreatedin1948.itwasanorganizationof17Europeannations,nowenlargedto21members,includingtheU.S.Canada,andJapan.HeadquarteredinParis,itpromotestheeconomicgrowthofmembernations,theexpansionofworldinvestmentandtrade,andtheeconomicdevelopmentofe

12、mergingcountries.OverviewInspiteofitseconomicwonders,Chinaisstillbasicallyanagriculturalnationwithapopulationofover1.3billion,ofwhichmostarelivinginthecountryside.1949-1970s1979-nowAforeignperspectiveHowmuchworsecantheChineseeconomyget? ChinasGDPgrowthfellto6.8%intheyeartothefourthquarter,downfrom9%

13、inthethirdquarterandhalfits13%pacein2007 Butsomeeconomistsforecast8%andover10%GDPgrowthforChinaseconomyin2009and2010respectively Industrialproductionhasslowedevenmoresharply,growingbyonly5.7%inthe12monthstoDecember,comparedwithan18%paceinlate2007 Chineseexportsforecastthatexportsinthefirstquartercou

14、ldbe19%lowerthanayearago.2009maywellseethefirstfull-yeardeclineinexportsinmorethanaquarterofacentury.GDPandelectricityoutputMeasurestakenorintroducedbyChinatostimulateitseconomicgrowthaftertheglobaleconomiccrisisstartedInfrastructure基础设建设Healthcare卫生保健Rebate折扣 1.Yes,inspiteofitseconomicproblemschina

15、seconomybasicallyisasstrongasanox. 2.chinahastakenanumberoftoughmeasurestostimulateitseconomicgrowthaftertheglobaleconomiccrisis.Thesemeasuresobviouslyincludethefollowing: Greatly-increasedinfrastructurespending Boostingdomesticdemandbyofferingrebatetoconsumers,bywaivingorreducingsometaxes. Forexamp

16、le,tohelpthepropertysector,thetransactiontaxhasbeenwaivedforpropertiesheldforatleasttwoyears. Inaddition,onJanuary21,2009thecentralgovernmentalsoannouncedextraspendingof850billionYuanoverthreeyearstoimprovehealthcare.3.Imafraidnot.ThoughtherearesomecapitalisticelementsinChinaseconomy,basicallyChinas

17、economyisstillasocialisteconomywithstate-ownedenterprisesasitsmainstayorbackbone支柱. 4.Themajordifferencebetweenthemisthatincommandorplannedeconomythecentralgovernmentdecideswhat,where,when,howmuchandforwhomtoproducebutinacapitalisteconomywheretoproduce,whattoproduce,howmuchtoproduce,forwhomtoproduce

18、arealldecidedbymarketsormarketforces. 5.itincludesinfrastructurespendingandotherinvestments,madeinprojectswhichbenefitthepublic. 二。1.accordingtotheestimatemadebyexperts，ChinasGDPgrowthislikelytocontinuetofallduringthefirsthalfof2009. 2.itsoftenwronglyassumedthattheslumpinChinaseconomicgrowthhasbeencausedbyacollapseinitsexportstoAmericaandotherdevelopedcountries.Yetin2008thefallinnetexportsaccountedforlessthanhalfofitsslowdown. 三。1.