初中英语语法总结一览表

1、初中英语语法总结一览表语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句一般现在时动词用原形三人称单数-s / es表示经常性的 动作或状态Every often always on 天 in 月、季、节、年。一般-s -es辅 音+ y-ieshavehasHe goes to school every day. I often have lunch at home.一般过去时动词用过去时Be was/ were表过去某个、段时间内 动作及状态ago/justnow/In 1998last/yesterday 等一般/去e双写 /辅+ y结尾 iedgo-we nt come-came do-di

2、d leave-left 等He wrote a letter yesterday. I studied hard last year.一般将来时be going to + V 原 will / shall + V 原在将来某个时间或 某段时要做的事tomorrow / after next / toni ght in 2010Go come leave stay fly等用进行表将来Are you going to read ? He is coming tomorrow .现在进行时be+ doing表此时此刻正进行的动 作或状态liste n look now all the time

3、Don t 一般去e双写+ingtie die lie - 变ie为y加ingTom is writi ng now . They are lying on the bed .现在完成时 现在完成进行have / has +PP have/has bee n+do ing发生在过去影响在现在 的动作或状态等含糊的 频 率副词 already just n ever ever分词规则的同 过去式是一样 的不规则的动词的过去分词需逐个记忆I have been teaching for 8 years.He has slept for two days.过去进行时was / were +do in

4、g多用于复合句中表在过去某时间止在进 行的动作at this time yesterday last Sun day eve ning一般去e双写+ingtie die lie - 变ie为y加ingHe was readi ng at that time last Friday过去完成时had+动过去分词该动作发生在过去的过多用于复合句中去by the time +过去时 when after before规则的分词构 成与过去时一 样的需要逐个记忆 详见不规则动词表We had learnt 2000 words by the end of last year.语法项目构成用法象征词规则变

5、化不规则变化例句过去将来时would + V 原形多用宾语从句中过去看来将要发生的动作或状态He said that hethe next day .He said that he would come here the next day .比较级形式形容副词名词后-er前加more名词比较用 more表示两个人、物 之间进行比较时tha n /much/ a little far / in the two 等一般/去e双写/辅+ y结尾iergood/well better much/ma ny moreShe is the tall in the two.He runs faster th

6、a n Tom .最高级形式形容副词名词后-est前加 most名词比较用 most大于等于三个人、物之 间进行比较in the +比较范围 of the具体的数字一般/去e双写/辅+ y结尾iestbad/ill/badly-worst far-farther-farthestShe is the most beautiful in her class.（最高级加 the）动词不定式to do没有人称和数的变化作主语To read is helpful for an ybody now .作宾语He wants to buy a dicti on ary.作宾补I hear him sing

7、 yesterday Tom told me to ope n it.作表语His job is to take care of childre n .作状语He Igo to see a docto tomorrow .作定语He has much homeworkto do every day .主从复合句状语从句句子作状语 （时间地点原因条件让步比较）He was writing a letter when I came in 。宾语从句句子作宾语（语序、时态、引导词、客观事实）He asked me if I had been to Beijing before.定语从句句子作定语（修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先行词）I saw the man who was stealing my bike yesterday主动结构 与被动结构主动语态：主语（人、物）+谓语+宾语动作执行者 +及物动词+动作承受者 被动语态：主语（人、物）+be PP + by宾语动作承受者 + be PP + by动作执行者 在被动语态中没有可以省to的不定式WespeakEn glish .主语谓语宾语En glish is spoke n by us宾改主谓语动词 be PP 主by宾主动变被