what引导名词性从句的五种用法

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxxwhat引导名词性从句的五种用法【精品文档】what引导名词性从句的五种用法一、用法归纳1. 表示“的东西或事情”相当于the things that：例如：Theyve done what they can to help her. 他们已经尽力帮助了她。He saves what he earns. 他赚多少，积蓄多少。What Mary is is the secretary. 玛丽的职务是秘书。2. 表示“的人或的样子” 相当于the person that。如：He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的那个样子。He is

2、what is generally called a traitor. 他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？3. 表示“的数量或数目” 相当于the amount/number that。如：Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before libera

3、tion. 现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。4. 表示“的时间”相当于the time that例如：After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours. 小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。5. 表示“的地方”相当于the place that。如：This is what they call Salt Lake

4、City. 这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world. 现在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾经是一个文明世界。二、用法说明(1) 这样用的what相当于“先行词+关系代词”，所以其前不能有先行词：你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。正：You can have what you like. / You can have everything (that) you

5、 like.误：You can have everything what you like.(2) 有时what 可用作限定词，其后修饰一个名词：I gave him what books I had. 我把我所有的书都给他了。He gave me what money he had about him. 他把身边带有的钱全给了我。(3) What 后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词，但通常不能是单数可数名词：误：I gave him what book I had.(4) What后接不可数名词时，有时可有little修饰。注意区别：what+不可数名词=所有的都，what little+不

6、可数名词=虽少但全部。如：I spent what time I had with her. 我所有的时间都是与她一起度过的。I spent what little time I had with her. 我仅有的一点时间都是与她一起度过的。专项练习题1. _ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. ( 98 )2. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the money exactly _

7、he wants.3. Tom is greatly different from _ he was when he was young. 4.The ancient Egyptians believed all illnesses were related to_was eaten.5._ is to do good all ones life and never do anything bad.6. Do you know _ A. what is this used for B. what this is used for C. which this is used D. that th

8、is is used for7. _ Tom liked to eat was different from _. A. Thatthat you had expected B. What that you had expected C. Thatwhat you had expected D. Whatwhat you had expected8. He said that he was fond of _. A. what beautiful is B. beautiful is what C. what is beautiful D. what it is beautiful9. The

9、 poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. 10. We gave him _ help we could.11. Now we can see _ problem the population is . A. a what serious B. such serious a C. how serious a D. so a serious12.We know little about the young lady except_you told me.13.I know nothing about her except_she

10、is from Canada.14. -Why does the seaside here draw tens of thousands of tourists every summer?-I think warm sunshine and soft sands make _ it is.15. Thinking _ you know _ in fact you dont is a terrible mistake.16. Yesterday my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous spee

11、d.17. People are trying hard to protect and record _ is left of the Aboriginal（土著居民的）language.18. The way he did it was different _ we were used to.19. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet shes now

12、 buying a big house. Carol: Yes. Because shes always saved _. A.what little she earns B. how little she earns C. for little she earns D. with little she earns21. After five hours drive, they reached _ they thought was the place theyd been dreaming of . A. that B. what C. which D. where 22. I just do

13、nt understand_ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect. A .why it does B. what it does C. why it is D. what it is23. Loulan city is not at all _a traveler who has never seen the desert before can expect.24. I think that this meal was well worth _ was charged for it.25

14、. Yesterday he sold out all his stamps at _ he thought was a reasonable price.26. What is learned in books can not have the same deep effect on a childs character _ is learned through experience. With复合结构的用法小结一、 with结构的构成 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短

15、语； 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词（现在分词和过去分词）。6 with或without-名词/代词+名词下面分别举例： 1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词作伴随状语） 2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under hi

16、s arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。） The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.（with+名词+介词短语，伴随状语。） 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语） He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asl

17、eep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词 ，作伴随状语） Without anything left in the cupboard， shewent out to get something to eat.（without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语）6 He died with his son yet a school boy . 他去世时他的儿子还是一个学童呢（with或without-名词/代词+名词）7 -You should have prepared your speech for the meeting , Mrs Smith .-Ye

18、s, I know .But how could I（prepared your speech for the meeting） with the meeting date fixed so soon （. With+名词/代词 +过去分词）（2005东北三校联考）2、 with结构的用法 在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。 With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如：(翻译下列三个句子) 1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs. 2.From space the earth looks like a

19、huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water. 3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house. 三、 with结构的特点 with结构由介词with或without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系，而在逻辑上，却具有主谓关系，也就是说，可以用第一部分作主语，第二部分作谓语，构成一个句子。例如： With him taken care of，we f

20、elt quite relieved.（He was taken good care of.） She fell asleep with the light burning. （The light was burning.） With her hair gone，there could be no use for them. （Her hair was gone.） 巩固练习 1 1. BBC English broadcasts programmes for China _ explanation in Chinese.2. The young woman _ a baby sleeping

21、 in her arms was wandering in the street.3. Everyone should go to sleep with the light turned off.4. _ so many homework to do, Mary wont have time to play with her friends this morning.5. _ the door is open, the noise of the machines is almost deafening.6. _ his mother was out, he had to stay at hom

22、e alone.7. _ all things are considered, her proposal is of greater than his8. _ time permits, we will visit the Summer Palace.巩固练习 21. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it.A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished2. Now that weve discuss

23、ed our problem, are people happy with the decisions _?A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take3. You have no idea how she finished the relay race, _ her foot was wounded so much.A. for B. as C. with D. while4. -Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.-Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled 5. John received