情态动词专题复习

1、真诚为您提供优质参考资料，若有不当之处，请指正。情态动词【情态动词命题趋势与预测】根据对情态动词部分在全国各地中考试题的分析可知，该部分将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为：1、情态动词在一般疑问句中的问与答2、情态动词表示猜测的用法【考点诠释】一、考查情态动词的基本用法 一些情态动词的常用的意义往往为中考考查的焦点，考生须准确理解其含义并根据句子意思选择正确的情态动词。1must和have to两者都表示“必须”的意思，但must含有说话人主观上的看法、态度；have to则表示客观上的需要。【考例】-Must we finish giving out the posters today?-Ye

2、s, we _. It cant be put off any longer. A. can B. may C. must答案C。此题考查情态动词的用法。回答由must引起的一般疑问句，其肯定答语要用must。-I didnt pass the math test. I think I have spent too much time playing computer games recently.-I agree. You _ play like that any more. A. neednt B. mustnt C. may not D. wouldnt答案B。解析 此处选mustnt。

3、表示“一定不能”“千万不能”，用较强的语气来提醒对方不能再玩游戏了。When traffic lights are red. We _stop and wait. A. may B. can C. must D. might.答案C。解析 考查情态动词，must必须，表示禁止。一I really like playing computer games! 一Im afraid you _stop，for your study and your health. A. am B. will Cmay Dmust答案D。解析 答语意思为“为了你的学习和健康，恐怕你必须停止玩电脑游戏”，所以must最恰

4、当。2can和could两者都可用来表能力，意为“能够，会”；可用来表示许可(常用在口语中)或表示怀疑、惊异、不相信等态度(常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)。【考例】-Could I borrow your dictionary?-Of course you _A. can B. must C. should D. will答案A。解析 上文的could并不表示过去，而只是一种委婉的说法，所以答语用can更礼貌些。 -Listen! Is Tom singing in the classroom?-No. It _be Tom. He has gone to Paris. A. may not

5、 B. neednt C. cant答案C。解析 因为汤姆不在这里，所以不可能是他。 一Mary，_you speak Chinese?一Yes，only a little A must B need C may Dcan答案D。解析 考查情态动词，“玛丽，你会说英语吗?“是的，会一点”。故选D。can表示能够。3 should should用来表示建议、责任、义务时，可译为“应该，应当”，【考例】Schools _allow students at least one hour a day for sports. A. would B. might C. should D. could答案C

6、。解析 此处用情态动词should的用法。should表示“应当应该”的含义比其他三个词更强些。 4had better和would rather “had better+动词原形”意为“最好做”，否定句式为had better not。“would rather+动词原形”意为“宁可，宁愿”，否定句式为would rather not。【考例】-Bob，may I _your MP4?一SureBut youd better not _it to others A lend；lend B lend；borrow C borrow；borrow Dborrow；lend答案D。解析本题考查动词

7、borrow和lend的区别.borrow和lend是一组反义词，都是“借”的意思，但相对句子主语来说，borrow意为“借人”；lend意为“借出”。由语境可判断前者是借入，用borrow后者是借出，用lend。 -What about playing football this afternoon, Sam?-I would rather _ at home than football. Its too hot outside. A. stay; playing B. stay; playC. to stay; to play D. to stay; playing答案：A。解析本题考查了

8、would rather的固定短语的应用。译文为:萨姆，今天下午出去打球怎么样？和踢足球相比，我宁愿呆在家里，外面太热。Would rather do A than do B和做B比起来，宁愿做A。 5used to “used to+动词原形”表示“过去常常做某事”或表示过去的一种惯常状态。【考例】He used to _ in the sun, but now he is used to at night. A. read, read B. reading, read C. read, reading D. reading, reading答案：C。解析考查固定结构的用法。Used 后接动

9、词不定时，be used to 后接动名词。故选C。6needYou _do it if you really dont want to. A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. couldnt答案A。解析 考查情态动词。本题应由句意人手破解。如果你不想做的话，你“没有必要”做它，所以正确答案为A项。 -May I do the rest of the work tomorrow? -Yea, of course. You _finish it today. A. must B. mustnt C. neednt答案C。解析思路分析：根据句意可知，neednt不必。二、考

10、查情态动词表推测的用法1对现在或将来的推测用“情态动词+动词原形”。肯定的推测一般用must，should，may (might)或can(could)，其中，must的语气最强。意为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”；should的语气次之，意为“很可能”、“应该”，指按常理推测；may(migt)，can(could)的语气最弱，意为“有时会”、“也许”、“可能”。否定推测分为两种情况：语气不很肯定时，常用maymightcould not，意为“可能不”、“也许不”；否定语气较强时，则用cant，意为“根本不可能”、“一定不能”，表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。【考例】You _be tired

11、after working for eight hours without a rest. A. can B. may C. must D. need答案C。本题考查情态动词must，can，may，need的区别。本题由题意人手，“你工作了八个小时没有休息肯定很累。”情态动词must在此表示肯定的推测。一Look at the boy running on the groundIs it Davis? It _be himI saw him go to the teachers office just now A must B cant Ccould Dmight答案B。解析 考查情态动词。

12、表推测时否定句中用cant。表示“不可能”，因为他已经去了老师的办公室。【语法回顾】1 情态动词的语法特征1） 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2） 情态动词除have to外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。3） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词等形式。常见的情态动词有：can (could) ,may (might), must ,shall (should), will (would), need等,另外,have to、had better也当作情态动词使用。情态动词后面必须加

13、动词的原形。 can 和be able to 1）can/could 表示能力；可能 （过去时用could）, 只用于现在式和过去式（could）。be able to可以用于各种时态。例如：They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。注意：could有时不表示时态1）提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。例如：- Could I have the television on? 我能看电视吗？- Yes, you can. / No, you cant. 可以/不可以。2）在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。例如：

14、He couldnt be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。 may和might 注意：might 表示推测时，不表示时态，只是可能性比may 小。have to和must 两词都是必须的意思，have to 表示客观的需要，must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。例如：My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。（客观上需要做这件事）He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作

15、。（主观上要做这件事） have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。例如：He had to look after his sister yesterday. 他昨晚只得照顾他姐姐。 否定结构中：dont have to表示不必，mustnt表示禁止。例如：You dont have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。You mustnt tell him about it.你不得把这件事告诉他。 must表示推测 1） must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为一定。2） must表对现在的

16、状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时，must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。例如： You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（对现在情况的推测判断）He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。3） 否定推测用cant。例如：If Tom didnt leave here until five oclock, he cant be home yet.如果汤姆五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家【语法过关】1 _ I fill in the check-in

17、 form right now, sir? No, you neednt. You can complete it this afternoon. A. MayB. CanC. WouldD. Must2 Could I go to the movie this weekend，Dad?一Yes，you_But you have to come back before nineAshall Bmust Cneed Dcan3You play with fire, Tom. Its dangerous. A. neednt B. may not C. mustnt D. wouldnt4As w

18、e know, fish _die out of water. A. may B. is going to C. can D. will5 Shall I book some seats for the concert?_. Ive already done that. A. Yes, you mayB. No, you mustnt C. No, you needntD. Id rather not6I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there. No, she _ be there. Ive jus

19、t seen her there. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. wouldnt7You _ worry about him. He will get well soon. A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt D. may not8Schools _allow students at least one hour a day for sportsAwould Bmight Cshould Dcould9You _ open the door before the train gets into the station. A. dont hav

20、e toB. mustntC. needntD. may not10I was told to be here before eight. Oh ,you . Im sorry for not telling you that we have changed the plan. AmustBcant CmayDneednt11May I take this book out of the reading room? .Please read it here. ACertainly BNo, you neednt CNo, you mustnt12Whos that woman with Ann

21、?Im not sure. It be her mother A, may B, can C , will D, must13Must I get up early tomorrow?No, _. A. you mustntB. I dont think you have toC. you cantD. you need14The room is so dirty. _ we clean it? Of course. A. WillB. WouldC. Do D. Shall15. You look tiredYoud better _a good sleep Ahave BhavingChad Dto have【参考答案】1答案D 解析：依据答