人教版高中英语选修9Unit1Breakingrecordsword辞汇学习

1、unit 1 breaking recordsteaching resourcessection 3： words and expressions from unit 1 breaking records approximateadj. (abbr. approx) almost correct or accurate, but not completely so： an approximate number / total / cost the cost given is only approximate. use these figures as an approximate guide

2、in your calculations.conventionaladj.1. (often disapproving) tending to follow what is done or considered acceptable by society in general; normal and ordinary, and perhaps not very interesting: conventional behaviour / moral!ty she 9 s very conventional in her views. 2. usually before noun followin

3、g what is traditional or the way sth has been done for a long time： conventional methods / approaches it - s not a hotel, in the conventional sense, but rather a whole village turned into a hotel, 3. usually before noun (especially of weapons) not nuclear： conventional forces / weapons a conventiona

4、l war would still cause unacceptable devastation. a conventional power station (= using oil or coal as fuel, rather than nuclear power)laughternoun u the act or sound of laughing： to roar wi th laughter tears/gales / peals / shrieks of laughter to burs t / dis sol ve into laughter a house full of la

5、ughter (= wi th a happy atmosphere) he gave a snort of deri si ve laughter.realitynoun (pl- -ies)1. lu the true situation and the problems that actually exist in life, in contrast to how you would like life to be： she refuses to face reality. you re out of touch with reali ty. the reality is that th

6、ere is not enough money to pay for this projec t. they seemed to have the perfect marriage but the real!ty was very different. 2. .c a thing that is actually experienced or seen, in contrast to what people might imagine： the harsh realities of life this decision reflects the realities of the polltic

7、al sitnation. the paperless office is still far from being a reality. will time travel ever become a real!ty?adjustmentnoun c, u1. a small change made to sth in order to correct or improve it： 19 ve made a few adjustments to the design. some adjustment of the lens may be . a change in the way a pers

8、on behaves or thinks： she went through a period of emotional adjustment after her marriage broke up.toughadj. (tougher, toughest)difficult2. having or causing problems or difficulties： a tough childhood it was a tough decision to make. she s been having a tough time of i t (-a lot of problems) latel

9、y. he faces the toughest test of his leadership so far. it can be tough trying to juggle a career and a family.strict / firm3. (on / with sb/sth) demanding that particular rules be obeyed and showing a lack of sympathy for any problems or suffering that this may cause: don t be too tough on him-hu w

10、as only trying to help. it s about time teachers started to get tough with bullies. the school takes a tough line on (二 punishes severely) cheating. local traders are calling for tougher action against vandals.strong4. strong enough to deal successfully with difficult conditions or situations： a tou

11、gh breed of cattle he , s not tough enough for a career in sales. she s a tough cookie / customer (= sb who knows what they want and is not easily influenced by other people).5. (of a person) physically strong and likely to be violent： you think you re so tough, don , t you? he plays the tough guy i

12、n the movie.meat6. difficult to cut or chewnot easily damaged7. not easily cut, broken, torn, etc. ： a tough pair of shoes the reptile s skin is tough and scaly.unfortunate8. (on sb) (informal) unfortunate for sb in a way that seems unfair： it was tough on her being dropped from the team like that.

13、(ironic) 41 can 9 t get it finished in time. * tough! (: i don t feel sorry about it.)extremeadj.1. usually before noun very great in degree： we are working under extreme pressure at the moment, people living in extreme poverty i t m having extreme difficulty in not losing my temper with her. the he

14、at in the desert was. not ordinary or usual; serious or severe： children will be removed from theirr parents only in extreme circumstances. don* t go doing anything extreme like leaving the country. it was the most extreme example of cruelty to animals i had ever seen, extreme weather conditions 3.

15、(of people, political organizations, opinions, etc.) far from what most people consider to be normal, reasonable or acceptable： extreme left-wing / right-wing views an extreme nationalist organization their ideas are too extreme for me. 4. only before noun as far as possible from the centre, the beg

16、inning or in the direction mentioned： kerry is in the extreme west of ireland. she sat on the extreme edge of her seat. poll ticians on the extreme left of the partynoun1. a feeling, situation, way of behaving, etc. that is as different as possible from another or is opposite to it： extremes of love

17、 and hate hu used to be very shy, but now he * s gone to the opposite extreme (= changed from one extreme kind of behaviour to another), 2. the greatest or highest degree of sth： extremes of cold, wind or rain the climatic extremes of the mountainsgo, etc, to extremes take sth to extremes to act or

18、be forced to act in a way that is far from normal or reasonable： it s embarrassing the extremes he 11 go to in order to impress his boss. taken to extremes, this kind of behaviour can be dangerous. in the jungle they were driven to extremes in order to survive.in the extreme (formal) to a great degr

19、ee： the journey would be dangerous in the extreme.unfit adj.1.(for sth) (to eat, drink, live in, etc.) | (to do sth) not of an acceptable standard; not suitable： the housing was unfit for human habitation. the food on offer was unfit for human consumption. this water is unfit to drink. most of the b

20、uildings are unfi t to live in. they described him as unfi t to govern. (technical) many of the houses were condemned as unfi t. (technical) the court claims she is an unfit mother. 2.、for sth 、to do sth not capable of doing sth, for example because of illness： he s still unfit for work. the company

21、 s doctor found that she was unfit to carry out her normal work. 3. (especially bre) (of a person) not in good physical condition; not fit, because you have not taken exercise: the captain is still unfit and will miss tonight s game.fascinateverb to attract or interest sb very much： vnj china has al

22、ways fascinated me. it was a question that had fascinated him since he was a boy. v the private lives of movie stars never fail to fascinate.meditationnoun1. u the practice of thinking deeply in silence, especially for religious reasons or in order to make your mind calm： she found peace through yog

23、a and meditation. he was deep in meditation and didn t see me come in. 2. c, usually pl. . (on sth) (formal) serious thoughts on a particular subject that sb writes down or speaks： his meditations on life and arturge verb 1. to advise or try hard to persuade sb to do sth： vn to inf she urged him to

24、stay.police are urging anyone who saw the accident to contact them immediately. v that the report urged that all children be taught to swim. 2. vnsth (on / upon sb) to recommend sth strongly： the situation is dangerous and the un is urging caution.3. vn + adv. / prep. (formal) to make a person or an

25、 animal move more quickly and/or in a particular direction, especially by pushing or forcing them： he urged his horse forward.urge sb on to encourage sb to do sth or support them so that they do it better: she could hear him urging her on as she ran past.accomplishverbvn to succeed in doing or compl

26、eting sth, achieve： the first part of the plan has been safely accomplished. i don . t feel i ve accomplished very much today. that s it. mission accomplished (n we have done what we aimed to do).motivate verb1. lvn ofteix. passive to be the reason why sb does sth or behaves in a particular way ： he

27、 is motivated entirely by _ to make sb want to do sth, especially sth that involves hard work and effort： vn she * s very good at motivating her students, vn to inf the plan is designed to motivate employees to work more . vn. (formal) to give reasons for sth that you have stated： please motirate yo

28、ur answer to question 5.motivatedadj. ： a racially motivated attack a highly motivated student (= one who is very interested and works hard)motivationnoun c, u ： what is the motivation behind this sudden change? most people said that pay was their main motivation for working. he s intelligent enough

29、 but he lacks motivation. all research proposals must be a-ccompanied by a full motivation.devotionnoun z (to sb/sth)1. u, sing. great love, care and support for sb/sth： his devotion to his wife and family is touching.2. lu, sing. the action of spending a lot of time or energy on sth：r her devotion

30、to duty her devotion to the job left her with very little free . devotions ipl. prayers and other religious practicessoulnounspirit of person1. c. the spiritual part of a person, believed to exist after death： hu believed his immortal soul was in peril. the howling wind sounded like the wailing of l

31、ost souls (= the spirits of dead people who are not in heaven).inner character2. ec a person, s inner character, containing their true thoughts and feelings: there was a feeling of restlessness deep in her soul.spiritual / moral / artistic qualities3. sing. . the spiritual and moral qualities of hum

32、ans in general： the dark side of the human soul4. u, c strong and good human feeling, especially that gives a work of art its quality or enables sb to recognize and enjoy that quality： it was a very polished performance, but it lacked soul.5. sing. the of sth a perfect example of a good quality： he

33、is the soul of discretion.person6. c (becoming old-fashioned) a person of a particular type： she s lost all her money, poor soul. you re a brave soul.7. c. (especially in negative sentences) a person： there wasn - t a soul in sight (二 nobody was in sigh t). don t tell a soul (= do not tell anyone).

34、(1 i ter ary) a village of souls (= with people living there)music8. (also soul music) u a type of music that expresses strong emotions, made popular sensitivity： settling the dispute required great tact and diplomacy. she is not exac tly known for her tact.regretverb (-tt-)1. to feel sorry about st

35、h you have done or about sth that you have not been able to do： vnj if you don t do it now, you 11 only regret it. the decision could be one he lives to regret. ve had a wonderful life. she said, 41 don t regret a thing. . she regretted the words the moment they were out of her mouth. v ingj he bitt

36、erly regretted ever having mentioned it. v wh，i deeply regret what i said. 2. (formal) used to say in a polite or formal way that you are sorry or sad about a situation： vn the airline regrets any inconvenience. v that i regrut that i am unable to accept your kind invitation. v to inf we regret to i

37、nform you that your application has not been successful. vn that it is to be regretted that so many young people leave school without qualifications.noun u, c a feeling of sadness or disappointment that you have because of sth that has happened or sth that you have done or not done： it is with great

38、 regret that i accept your resignation. she expressed her regret at the decision. a pang / twinge of regret i have no regrets about leaving newcastle (- i do not feel sorry about it). what is your greatest regret 仁 the thing that you are most sorry about doing or not doing) ? he gave up teaching in

39、2001, much to the regret of his students.repentancenoun u (for sth) the fact of showing that you are sorry for sth wrong that you have done contrition, remorse： he shows no sign of repentance. the book speaks of the need for repentance and a tonemen t.wisdomnoun u1. the ability to make sensible deci

40、sions and give good advice because of the experience and knowledge that you have： a woman of great wisdom： words of wisdom 2. of sth / of doing sth how sensible sth is： i question the wisdom of giving a child so much money. 3. the knowledge that a society or culture has gained over a long period of

41、time： the collective wisdom of the native american people conventional / received wisdom the view or belief that most people hold： conventional wisdom has it that riots only ever happen in cities.in his / her / its, etc, (infinitewisdom used when you are saying that you do not understand why sb has

42、done sth： the government in its wisdom has decided to support the ban.virtuenoun1. u (formal) behaviour or attitudes that show high moral standards： he led a life of virtue. she was certainly no paragon of virtue!. c a particular good quality or habit ： patience is not one of her virtues, i m afraid

43、. as a poll tician, he al ways emphasized the virtues of compromise and. lc, u an attractive or useful quality： the plan has the virtue of simplicity. he was extolling the virtues of the internet. they could see no virtue in discussing i t further.by / in virtue of sth (formal) by means of or becaus

44、e of sth： she got the job by virtue of her grea ter experience.make a virtue of necessity to manage to gain an advantage from sth that you have to do and cannot avoid： she decided to make a virtue of necessity and combined a business trip to paris with a visit to her cousins there.virtue is its own

45、reward (saying) the reward for acting in a moral or correct way is the knowledge that you have done so, and you should not expect more than this, for example praise from other people or paymentnobleadj. (nobler); (noblest)1. having fine personal qualities that people admire, such as courage, honesty

46、 and care for others ： a noble leader noble ideals he died for a noble cause. it was very noble of you to go so far to take him . very impressive in size or quality： a noble building 3. belonging to a family of high social rank (= belonging to the nobility)： a man of noble birth one of the noblest f

47、amilies in portugalnoblyadv. ： she bore the disappointment nobly. to be nobly bornnoun a person who comes from a family of high social rank; a member of the nobility doomnoun u death or destruction; any terrible event that you cannot avoid: to meet your doom she had a sense of impending doom (= felt

48、 that sth very bad was going to happen).doom merchant a person who predicts that things will go very badly： the prophets of doom who said television would kill off the book were wrong.verb vn usually passive sb/sth (to sth) to make sb/sth certain to fail, suffer, die, etc. ： the plan was doomed to f

49、ailure. the marriage was doomed from the start. bidverb (bidding, bade, bidden) or (bidding, bid, bid)1.(sb) good morning, farewell, etc. (formal) to say 4good morning* , etc. to sb： vn9 vnnj i ba de farewell to all the friends i had made in paris. i bade all my friends . (old use or literary) to te

50、ll sb to do sth： vn inf j he bade me come closer.juggle verb1.(with sth) to throw a set of three or more objects such as balls into the air and catch and throw them again quickly, one at a time： v to juggle with balls my uncle taught me to juggle. vn (figurative) i was juggling books, shopping bags

51、and the baby (= i was trying to hold them all without dropping them), 2. sth (with sth) to try to deal with two or more important jobs or activities at the same time so that you can fit all of them into your life： vn working mothers are used to juggling their jobs, their children s needs and their h

52、ousework, also v 3. vn to organize information, figures, the money you spend, etc. in the most useful or effective wayentireadj. .only before nounr (used when you are emphasizing that the whole of sth is involved) including everything, everyone or every part： the entire village was destroyed. i wast

53、ed an entire day on it. i have never in my entire life heard such nonsense! the disease threatens to wipe out the entire population.attainverb vn1. to succeed in getting sth, usually after a lot of effort： most of our students attained five a grades in their . (formal) to reach a particular age, level or condition： the cheetah can attain speeds of up to 97 kph.appreciateverb1. vn (not used in the progressive tenses) to recognize the good qualities, of sb/sth： you can * t really appreciate foreign literature in translation. his talents are not fully appreciated in that company. her fami