倒装句经典用法

1、 思考： （一）句子的语序 （二）倒装的分类 （三）倒装产生的原因 英语句子的自然语序：主语在前英语句子的自然语序：主语在前,谓语在后谓语在后 （主语（主语+谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前 （谓语（谓语+主语）主语）,就叫就叫倒装语序倒装语序。 如果全部谓语放在主语之前如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫叫全部倒装全部倒装; 如果把谓语的一部分（通常是助动词、情态如果把谓语的一部分（通常是助动词、情态 动词或动词或be 动词）放在主语之前就叫动词）放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。部分倒装。 语语 序序 自自 然然 语语 序序 主语主语+ +谓语谓语The boy came i

2、n. 倒倒 装装 语语 序序 完全完全 倒装倒装 谓语动词谓语动词 + +主语主语 In came the boy. 部分倒部分倒 装装 助动词助动词/ / 情态动词情态动词 + +主语主语+ +谓谓 语语 Never shall we forget them. n倒装的原因： n引起倒装的两个原因：语法需要和修辞需要 n在语法需要时，倒装是必须的，否则会出现语法错 误；在修辞需要时，倒装是任意的，目的是为了强 调，否则的话，还可以还原成自然语序。 请观察： The mens 110 hurdles come now. The athletes rush out. They jump up.

3、John runs so fast that he breaks the school record. We shall never forget the exciting moment. Now come the mens 110 hurdles. Out rush the athletes. Up they jump. So fast does John run that he breaks the school record. Never shall we forget the exciting moment. （一）完全倒装的情况： n1.表方位的副词here, there 或out,

4、 in, up, down, away, off，now ,then,等标志词放在句首，句子用完全倒 装。 E.g. 1）Here comes the bus. 2）Out rushed the children. 3）Away went the boy. 此时主语必须是名词,谓语是系动词或不及物动词； 主语若是代词时,不需要倒装。 e.g. Out it rushed. Here you are. 注注 意意 n2.2.There be结构。 n另外, ,在此结构中可以用来代替bebe动词的动词有: : exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, sta

5、nd等。如: : e.g. 1)There stood a dog before him. 2)There exist different opinions on this question. n巩固练习: 1) _ a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill. A. There stand; at B. There stands; under C. Stands there; underD. There stands; at n3.表示地点的介词词组( (如如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the ho

6、use, in the middle of the room等等) )放在句首时，且谓语 动词为come, be,live, lie, go等时用完全倒装。 ne.g. 1）At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. 2）In the front of the room was a table, and behind it stood a beautiful lady. 3） From the valley came a cry. 4. such, the following等放句首时， 句子要完 全倒装。 e.g.(1)Such are th

7、e facts. 情况就是如此。 (2) Such is life. 生活就是这样。 (3)The following is the answer to the question. 这个问题的答案如下。 5.“表语系动词主语”的结构。 e.g. 1）Present at the party were Mr Green and many other guests. 出席晚会的有格林先生，还有一些别的宾客。 2）Seated on the ground are a group of young men. 坐在地上的是一群年轻人。 n【注意】此时，主语较长，可还原为正常语序即： 主系动词表语。 （二

8、）部分倒装的情况 n1.含有否定意义的副词或短语如： nfew, little, never, not, not until, neither, nor, nin no way（无论如何不，决不，一点也不） nnowhere（无处；任何地方都不）, rarely, seldom, nhardly / scarcelywhen， no sooner(than)（一.就） not only(but also), in no case /under no circumstances/at no time/by no means （在任何情况下都不）, 等表示否定含义的词放在句首时，需用部分倒装。 e

9、.g. 1）Little does he know about the news. 他对这消息知之甚少。 2)By no means can he catch up in such a short time. 他根本不可能在这么短的时间里赶上来。 3）Hardly / Scarcely had he fallen asleep when a loud knock at the door awaked him. 4） No sooner had I reached the station than train moved. 【疑难【疑难1】 He is active in personality

10、, and he seldom stays indoors. (无助动词) He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors. (添加does) 【疑难剖析【疑难剖析1】若原句中没有助动词，必须根据谓 语动词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词do, does 或 did。 【疑难【疑难2】 Not only children but also adults are interested in the film Harry Potter. 【疑难【疑难2】Not onlybut also连接两个并列主语时不 可倒装。只有在连接两个

11、句子且将not only所连接的 句子提到句首时，才可用倒装，but also后面的句子 不倒装。前倒后不倒前倒后不倒. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also lost our Way. 【疑难【疑难4】 The villagers did not realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river. Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how

12、 serious the pollution was. (将until后面的全部内容提前) 【疑难剖析【疑难剖析4】not until提前时，要用倒装，且 必须将not until后面的全部内容提前，而不仅仅 是not until这两个词。 Not until放在句首,从句不 倒装,主句倒装。 【疑难【疑难3】 I had hardly got to the airport when the plane took off. Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off. (注意谓语动词形式) 【疑难剖析【疑难剖析3】在“hard

13、ly / scarcelywhen / no sooner” 位于句首时，要用部分倒装。 no soonerthan, hardly/scarcelywhen表示表示“一一就就时时, 主句用过去主句用过去 完成时完成时 (倒装倒装),从句用过去时从句用过去时。前倒后不倒前倒后不倒. e.g. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 【疑难【疑难5】 I neither wanted to see the film nor bought the ticket. Neither did I want to see the film nor d

14、id I buy the ticket. 【疑难剖析【疑难剖析5】neither nor 句型中两个句子都 需要部分倒装。 n2.so / as / neither / nor 为标志词放在句首时，句子 用倒装。 表示前面所说的肯定情况，也适合于另一人或物 时，句式如下： so / as be (助动词或情态动词) 主语。 表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于另一人或物时， 句式如下： neither (nor) be (助动词或情态动词) 主语。 【特别提醒】【特别提醒】 “so 主语助动词(或be动词)”表示对上 文肯定的内容加以肯定或赞同，意为“的确如 此”；例如： Its raining h

15、ard. 天下着大雨。 So it is. 是的。 “主语did so”表示：“主语”这样做 了。 例如： Tom asked me to go to play football with him and I did so. Tom要我去踢足球，我去了。 n3. only 修饰的状语放在句首时,主句倒装。 e.g. (1)你只有用这种方法才能学好英语。 Only in this way can you learn English well. (2)只有他有时间的话他才会来。 Only if he has time will he come here. (3)他被请了3次才来开会。 Only a

16、fter being asked three times did he come to the meeting. (4)Only that boy can work out the problem. 只有那个男孩才能解答出这个问题。 【结论【结论3】 1.“only 状语(或状语从句)”放在句首时， 句子用部分倒装。倒倒装主句而不倒装从句，装主句而不倒装从句， 即：即：“主倒从不倒主倒从不倒”。 2.only之后强调的不是状语而是主语部分时， 不可倒装。 3. only 后被强调的状语一般为副词（如then 等）、介词短语（in this way)或状语从句 （when从句）。 n4.在 “s

17、othat” 和 “ suchthat”表程度时， 将“soadj. ”和“suchn. ”提到句首时，句子用 部分倒装。 前倒后不倒. e.g.(1) So terrible was the storm that the whole roof was blown off. 暴风雨如此厉害，整个屋顶都被吹掉了。 (2)Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems. 杰克是如此聪明的孩子，他能解答所有这些难题。 5. as/ though (虽然，尽管）引导的让步状语从 句

18、，只须把表语, 状语, 或动词原形提到as前。主 谓不发生倒装。 nTired as he felt, he kept on working. nChild as he was, he could work out the problem. nA bad-tempered man as he is, he loves me deeply. nMuch as he likes English, he is not good at it. nTry as we might, we could not bring him around to accept our view. n注意：作表语的单数可数

19、名词提到主语前时不带 冠词。as也可以替换成though. 6.表示时间频率的状语位于句首时，且表示强表示时间频率的状语位于句首时，且表示强 调时，句子用倒装语序。调时，句子用倒装语序。 常用的频率状语有常用的频率状语有always,usually,often,now and then,once,many a time, every day等。等。 Eg. 1）Often did he come to my home in the past. 2）Many a time have I seen her walking alone in the street. 倒装倒装 倒装句的高考考点：倒装句

20、的高考考点： 全部倒装全部倒装 部分倒装部分倒装 1. 在以在以here、there、now、then、 off、away等副词开头的句子里。等副词开头的句子里。 2. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。 1、Only+状语位于句首时状语位于句首时 2.否定副词或短语位于句首时否定副词或短语位于句首时 3、在省去、在省去if的虚拟条件从句的虚拟条件从句 中中 4、So Neither Nor 位于句首时位于句首时 5、as引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句 6、特殊句式、特殊句式 n1.【2011全国卷I 28】Only when he reached the te

21、a- house _it was the same place hed been in last year. A. he realized B. he did realize C. realized he D. did he realize 2.【2011福建卷29】Its nice. Never before_ such a special drink! Im glad you like it. A.I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I 3.10江苏Is everyone here? Not yetLook , there_ the rest

22、of our guests! A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming 4.10江西Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him. A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun 5.09海南The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only _, but students became more interested in the lessons. A. saved was teachers energy B. was teachers energy saved C. teachers energy was saved D. was saved teachers energy 6.09山东So sudden _that the enemy had no time to escape. A. did the attack B. the attack did C. was the attack D