八年级英语下册Module3Journeytospace重点短语和重点语法外研版

1、Module 3 Journey to space重点短语:1.What are you up to?你在干什么？2.the latest n ews最新消息3.get in formati on获得信息4.search for寻找，搜索5.in order to为了6.much比较级得多7.on earth 在世界上，在人间，究竟，到底8.com muni cate with sb与某人交流9.hun dreds of数以百计的10.go around绕着.走11.billi ons of数十亿的12.take photos拍照13.sen d.to.把.送到.14.no problem没问

2、题15.be far away（from）离.远16.go on li ne上网17.search for搜索18.more tha n超过；多余19.look for寻找20.look like看起来像21.finish doi ng sth做完某事语法总结：1. What are you up to?你在忙什么？Be up to 忙于做某事，口语用法。我还没开始因为我不确定如何2. I haven t started yet because I m not sure how to make it做。It has already arrived . 它已经到达了。already 已经，用于现

3、在完成时 肯定句 的句中 。yet 还没，尚未。用于现在完成时 疑问句或否定句 的 句末。疑问词( what/ when/ where/which/why/ how) +不定式 to do3. That s why it s on the news.这就是为什么它在新闻上播出。that s why+ 结果 那是为什么that s because+ 原因 那是因为On the news 在新闻上4. discover 发现已经存在但未知的事物5. No one has been to Mars yet.没人去过火星。None of them has an environment like tha

4、t of the earth. 没有一个有像地球一样的环境。no one 没有一个人， 后加谓语动词 单数 。 No one likes me.none 没有，常与 of 连用，后加谓语动词 单数或复数 。 None of them like me.6. Lots of scientists are working hard in order tosend astronauts to Mars one day.in order to do sth 为了做某事(表目的) in order not to do sth为了不做某事We study hard in order to get good

5、marks.We study hard in order not to get bad marks.7. How can I get informationon space travel?16get information on获得关于的信息8. hun dreds of milli ons ofhundred （百）、thousand （千）、million（百万）、billion（十亿），当它们前 有数字，后面不加s,当前面没有数字，后面则加s和of.two hun dred/thousa nd/milli on/billi onhun dreds / thousa nds/milli o

6、ns/ billio ns of9. reach +地点到达某地arrive at +小地点/in +大地点get to +地点当后面遇到here/there/home时，介词去掉。We have reached/arrived/get here for one year.10. How large is the uni verse?多大How long 问时间how much问价格how far 问多远How ofte n 问频率，回答用 on ce/twice/three times.How many 问数量，回答用数字。How many students? 36.11. It is im

7、possible to imagine.做事情怎么样。It is/was + adj+ for sb+ to do sth常见形容词:impossible（不可能）difficult/hard（困难的） necessary （必要的）important （重要的） awful （极其讨厌的） humourous （幽默的）12. No spaceship has traveledfar eno ugh to reachother stars in our Galaxy.没有宇宙飞船已经飞得足够远去到达我们银河系的其他恒星上。adj+enough+to do sth 足够 去做某事I am ol

8、d eno ugh to travel by myself.13. Why has no one communicated with us? 为什么没人和我们交流？com mun icate with sb与某人交流补充知识清单make sth for sb为某人制作某物no problem 没问题the latest n ews最新消息 several mon ths几个月in the space在太空中on the earth在地球上far away 遥远go on li ne上网search for information寻找消息 any other planets 其他任何行星go a

9、round 围绕.small part of一小部分the Milky Way 银河系 take photos 照相大语法:现在完成时（二）just,1. 当表示动作已经完成，并对现在有一定影响时，我们一般用现在完成时。同时，可分用already或yet加以强调或说明。例如：I have just heard the news.我刚听到消息。Astr on auts have already bee n to the moon.He has just started to explore other pla nets.可以看出，just用来表示刚刚”，already 置于have / has之

10、后。在否定句中则可用yet,例如：The scie ntists have not heard from it yet.Man has not discovered any life in space yet.2. 另外，在使用现在完成时的时候，要注意与宇航员已经去过月球了。我们才刚刚开始探索其他行星。用来表示“已经”，两者都用于肯定句中，一般是表示“还未”，有“以后可以会”的含义。科学家还没有收到它发出的信息。人类尚未在太空中发现生命。般过去时的区别。现在完成时在表达经历时只表示般过去时则该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于已完成动作对现在的影响。而表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事

11、情。例如：I have just bee n to London. I went there last mon th.我刚去过伦敦，上个月去的。I have already fini shed my homework. I fini shed it an hour ago.我已经完成家庭作业了,一小时前完成的。3. 在没有明确的过去时间状语时，如何判断该用现在完成时还是该用过去时呢？判断的标准是看该行为是否对现在有影响，也就是说该句强调的是什么。试看以下对话：A: Where have you put my book? I can t find it.你把我的书放哪儿去了？我找不到。B: I

12、put it on your desk yesterday.我昨天放你桌子上了。该对话中，当A问对方把自己的书放在何处时，A感兴趣的是现在的状态，因此用现在完成时。但是B回答时只是说明当时放的位置，所以用一般过去时。再看下面的对话：A: Would you like to go and see the film with me ton ight ?你今晚想和我去看电影吗？B: Sorry, I have seen it already.不好意思，我已经看过那部电影了。对话中的现在完成时表示对结果的强调：“电影看过了，所以不想再看了。习题I. 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。1. There ar

13、e sbooks on the shelf.2. There is the earth , the sun , the moon and many other stars in the u3. We are aon the island , but we dont feel lonely.4. Shes jeaten her lunch5. How do you change our e?6. We sent the ito the earth.7. Hes gto Beijing , so you can t see him nowII. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. We all k

14、now the earth(go)around the sun2. There are(billion)of stars in our galaxy.3. My mother isnt at home. She(go)to Shanghai . So my father and I should take careof my old gran dma.4. How large is the uni verse? No one(know)5. I have fini shed(read)the book.III. 选择方框中的单词填空。yet ever already for n ever1.

15、Have youbee n to New York?But ni go there this summer.2 . I have nt bee n to New York3 . I dont believe your family has owned a truckover 90 years.4 . My pare nts arelate for work. They always get up early.5 . He stold his pare nts about his pla nsIV. 句型转换。1. He has read the book Who Moved My Cheese

16、 .（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答 ）2. Mary has already visited the Summer Palace（改为否定句）3. I have learned hundreds of new words（改为同义句）I have lear nednew words4. I can t run as quickly as my sister（改为同义句）My sister can runme5. They haven t seen each other for years（就划线部分提问）they see n each other?V.根据汉语提示，完成句子。1.很多航天员已经去

17、过太空站。A lot ofhavethe space stati on.2. 他们都不知道保护环境。of them knowthe.3. 我不可能同陌生人交谈。It sfor mestrangers4. 宇宙飞船已经到达月球。Thehasthe moon5. 科学家们在月球上发现水了吗？Have thewater on the moon?VI. 用 have has been 或 have has gone 填空1 Wheres Jim? He to Guilin 2 I to the West Lake Look! I have taken many photos on it3 She to

18、 the park ； she will be back in two hours4 We to the bookshop and bought many books 5 I to Hong Kong twice6 I never to the beach in Sanya7 The Blacks just to ChongqingI m afraid you can t see them VII. 单项选择。1 he to New York? If so, he can choose another cityA Did ； travelB Does； travelC Has；traveled

19、DIs ； traveling2 The two astronauts have returned from the space stationA justB just nowC yetDstill3 What languages use the names of the planets _ the days of the week?A ofB aboutC forDwith4 Have you finished _ the novel?A readB readsC to readDreading5 He speaks English as _ as I A wellB goodCbetter

20、D best6 He asked me _ it secret A keepingB to keepCkeptD keeps7 They have tried _ water on the MarsA to findBfindCfoundD finds8 Earth turns around SunA An； aBA；aCThe； theDThe；a9 No one told him to do so A isBwasChaveDhas10My father _ to Qingdao many timesA has beenB has goneChaveDgoes11The old man l

21、ives _ ， but he doesnt feelA lonely ；lonelyBalone；aloneC lonely ；aloneDalone；lonely12Kate couldnther bag anywhere.A discoverBfindCsawDlook for13Zhang Feng is a League member He the League since 3 years agoA joined B joined inChas been inDhas joined in14 Look at the sign It says “No ParkingB That s a

22、ll rightA. Sorry ， I don t see itC. That s OKD . Sorry , Ididn t see it15. Hurry up! The filmfor ten minutesA. was onB. startedC. has been onD.has started【真题链接】1. A nice car! Is it yours?No, it isn t.I it from a friend of mine two days ago.A. borrowB. have borrowedC. will borrowD. borrowed2. Next mo

23、n th we re going somewhere in teresti ng as soon as the holidayA. will begi nB. has beg unC. beg insD. is begi nning3. Ben and Sue aren t home, are they?No. Theyto London on bus in ess.A. have goneB. goC. have bee nD.will goVIII. 补全对话。A. Oh, here it comes.B. It doesn t matter.C. I m sorry for that.D

24、. What can I do for you?David: Excuse me.Waitress: Yes? 1David: I ordered my dish half an hour ago, but I haven t got it yet.Waitress: 2 I m going to see if it s ready.(The waitress comes back from the kitche n.)David: Sir, I ve just checked with the kitchen and your food will come up next. 3 .David

25、: Thank you.Waitress: Please enjoy your food. Aga in, I m sorry that I have kept you wait ing so long.David: 41. 2 . 3 . 4 . 参考答案I.根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。I. several 2. uni verse 3. alone 4 . just5 . en viro nment 6. in formati on 7. goneII. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. goes 2 . billions 3. has gone 4 . knows 5 . readi

26、ngIII. 选择方框中的单词填空。1. ever 2. yet 3. for 4. n ever 5.alreadyIV. 句型转换。1. Has he read the book Who Moved My Cheese? Yes , he has .2 . Mary hasn t visited the Summer Palace yet.3 . several hun dred 4more quickly tha n 5How long have ntV. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。1 Astronauts; already been to2 None; to protect, envir

27、onment3 impossible; to communicate with4 spaceship; arrived on5 scientists discoveredVI. 用 have/has been 或 have/has gone 填空。have been 5 . have been 6. have; been 7.” 可知上一句是问：他是否去纽约旅行过。A。 yet 用于否定句及疑问句中； just now1. has gone 2 have been 3 has gone 4 have; goneVII. 单项选择。1C 【解析】根据下句的 “ choose another city2A 【解析】因为句子用了现在完成时，故只能选 般用于过去时中； still 不符合句意。3. C【解析】for表示“为”。4D 【解析】 finish 后要跟动名词形式。5. A 【解析】as.as 中间的形容词或副词要用原级，又因为修饰speak，故填副词