第四册unitone0001

1、第四册第一部分LANGAGE POINTSUnit One1. She may / might have missed her train.must / may / might + have + P.P.对过去事情（即已发生的事情）的肯定推测（详见第三册 Unit Twelve 2（3）。No, She can t / couldn t have missed it ,can t / couldn t + have + P.P.对过去事情（即已发生的事情）的否定推测They can t （couldn t） have gone out because the light is on.因为灯亮着

2、，他们不可能是外出了。My brother is an honest boy. He can t have done such a thing.我弟弟是个老实的孩子，他不可能做这样的事。Can / Could + Subj. + have + P.P.对过去事情（即已发生的事情）的疑问推测The money has disappeared. Whocould have taken it? 钱不见了，有谁可能拿了它？Can he have left already ？ 他可能早已离开了吧？2. An yhow, we must wait a little Ion ger.an yhow adv.

3、1）in any case; regardless不管怎样，反正Leave me your address, an yhow.不管怎样，把你的地址留下吧。It may rain, but anyhow I shall go out; I don t mind the rain.天可能要下雨，但不管怎样我要出去；我并不在乎下雨。2）in any mann er不论用何种方法，不论什么方式 （态度）An yhow you look at it , but educati on is always worthwhile.不管你怎么看待，教育总是有价值的。I couldn t think of his

4、 name anyhow.我怎么也想不起他的名字。3. He went into their son s bedroom to read him his behind story.1） read him his bedtime story= read his bedtime story to him.（read可跟双宾，间接宾语可用to引导）She w as reading us a story.她在给我们读一个故事。She was read ing a story to us.Will you read me the poem? 朗读那首诗给我听好吗？ He read out the let

5、ter to us all.他把那圭寸信念给我们听。2) read 看报、看图书”的看，习惯用 read,而不用seeIm reading the n ewspaper.我在看报。Lets sit here and read this picture-book.让我们坐在这儿看这本图书吧。3) read 看懂，看出，辨认Doctors can read X-rays.医生能看 X 光片。There was an expressi on in his eyes that Della could nt read. 在他眼神里有一种使德拉捉摸不透的神情。He seemed to have read

6、my mind（thought）.他似乎看出了我的心思。 A motorist must be able to read traffic sig ns. 驾驶员必须会辨认交通标志。4） read （ 仪 器等 ） 上面的读数为 , ，显示The thermometer reads 30 degree. 温度计上的读数为 30 度。The speedometer reads sixty miles per hour. 速度计上的读数为每小时60 英里。5) read 上面写着；应读作；内容是She stopped at a sign that read: “Madame Sofronie. We

7、 Buy Hair Goods of All kinds. ” 她在一块招牌前站住，招牌上写着“索芙朗妮夫人商店。本店收购各种头发。 ”6) read 口语中，作“攻读” ，“进行 , 专项研究”解，尤指大学中的专业攻读。 She is reading law at a university. 她在大学攻读法律。He is reading physics in a university. 他正在大学攻读物理。 但攻读学位则须说 read for 。John Herbin is reading for an economics degree at East Texas State Univers

8、ity. 约翰赫尔滨正在东德克萨斯州立大学攻读经济学位。Willa is reading for the Bar. 威立正攻读法律，准备当律师。 词组： read about / of 读到，获悉I ve read about the plan somewhere. 我在什么地方看到过这个计划。He has read about / of the arrival of the foreign guests. 他已获悉外宾已到达。 read aloud 朗读 read out 念出来 read over 看一遍Read over your exercises before handing the

9、m in. 在交练习之前把你们的练习看一遍。 read through 看完I have read through the text. 我已看完了课文。4. On the floor there lay a bottle,“ there be ”这种结构，谓语动词除 be 以外，还可以用其他一些动词，这些动词是 表示状态的(如 live, exist, remain, stand, lie 等)，或用来描写某事的发生或某人的 到达(如 come, arise, rise, appear, enter, follow 等)，也用于 seem to be, appear to be, happen

10、 to be, used to be等结构中。In a small town in Germany, there once lived a rich merchant. 在德国的一座小城里，曾经住着一个有钱的商人。There exist many ancient temples on the shores.在岸边有许多古代庙宇。There stands a bridge across the river.河上有一座桥。Suddenly there entered a strange figure dressed all in black. 突然闯进来一个全身穿黑衣的陌生人。There foll

11、owed an uncomfortable silence.接着是一阵令人难以忍受的沉默。Then there came a knock at the door. 然后是一阵敲门声。There appear to be several reasons for changing our plans. 看来改变我们的计划有几个理由。There happened to be a chance to visit the museum last month. 上个月碰巧有机会参观那个展览会。There seems to be a meeting this evening. 今晚好像有个会议。5. , b

12、ut it was empty.1)empty & (emptier;emptiest)(1)empty & vacant empty 意为“空的，空洞的，空虚的”an empty box空盒子， empty words 空话，vacant 意为“没有占用” ，“空着的”a vacant post空着的位置， a vacant lot空房(2) (be) empty of意为“没有”The room was nearly empty of furniture.Their marriage is emptiest of happiness.The streets were empty of tr

13、affic at night.a lift empty of happiness没有快乐的一生arguments empty of meaning毫无意义的争论(3) on an empty stomach意为“空着肚子”Don t drink on an empty stomach.Often he had to work on an empty stomach.2)empty vt.& vi. 弄空，变空They soon emptied the bottle.他们很快就把Empty the glass before putting it in the dishwasher.an empt

14、y lift空虚的生活空地， a vacant house 无人居住的房间里几乎没有家具。 他们的婚姻毫无幸福可言。晚上街上没有车辆。，例如： 别空着肚子喝酒。他经常不吃早饭就上班。瓶酒喝光。将杯子倒空后再放到洗碗机里。The water slowly emptied from the cistern.水箱里的水慢慢流尽。3) 惯用短语：(1)empty (itself) into意为“流入” ，例如：The Yangtse River empties into the pacific Ocean.长江流入太平洋。The Mississippi empties itself into the

15、Gulf of Mexico.密西西比河流入墨西哥湾。(2)empty , of , “使失去 , ， ”“把 , 弄空” ，例如：His eyes emptied themselves of light and intelligence.他的眼神失去了光泽和聪慧。Then he emptied the gun of bullets.接着他把枪里的子弹取了出来。(3)empty out把 , 倒空，除去We must empty out these boxes.我们必须把这些箱子腾出来。(4)empty the bag意为“和盘托出” ，例如：Be frank and empty the ba

16、g.不要掩饰，把事情统统说出来。6. She came, realized, and went very white.go 作系动词时，作表语的大多是表示不大好的词，例如：The situation went from bad to worse. 情况越来越糟。You ll never go wrong if you follow his advice.你只要听从他的劝告，就决不会出错。In the old days, my father worked hard but always went hungry. 我父亲在旧社会辛苦地干活，但总是挨饿。The woman had gone mad.

17、那女人疯了。与 go 相反， come 接的表语多半是表示好的意思的词。My dream has come true.我的愿望实现了。Wrong never comes right. (谚)错的变不了对的。7. and David, wrapped in a blanket, , wrap vt. & vi. wrapped, wrapping1) wrap 作及物动词， 基本用法是表示裹在某物外边”两种相互对立的意义，例如：He wrapped (up) the package in brown paper. he wrapped brown paper around the package

18、.I wrapped him in a blanket.I wrapped a blanket around him.裹”，但它兼有 “把某物裹在 , 里边” 和“把这包裹，他是用褐色牛皮纸包装的。 他用褐色牛皮纸包装了这个包裹。我把他裹在毯子里。She wrapped herself closely in a shawl.She wrapped her shawl closer about her. Clouds wrapped the peak from view.The city was wrapped in an uneasy calm. 2)be wrapped up in 全神贯注

19、；埋头于 She is wrapped up in her children. The girl was wrapped up in music.我用一条毯子把他裹了起来。她严严实实地围上了一条披肩。 她把她那披肩围得更严实些。 顶峰隐没在白云间，看不见。全城笼罩在忐忑不安的静默中。她全力照顾自己的孩子。那姑娘专心于音乐。8. The ambulance arrived in five minutes, and David, wrapped in a blanket,were rushed to the emergency,1)wrapped in a blanket 过去分词作定语，相当于一

20、句非限制性定语从句( = who waswrapped in a blanket)2)rush vi.(1) 冲，闯，急流They rushed out of the room.他们冲出屋子。The soldiers rushed at the enemy.战士们冲向敌人。The river rushed past. 河流奔腾而过。(2) 仓促行动Don t rush through your work.不要急着干你的工作。Any time he saw something, the boy rushed to a conclusion. 每当看到一件事，那男孩就匆匆下结论。(3) 突然出现，

21、涌现Tears rushed to her eyes.她热泪涌了出来。An idea rushed into my mind. 我脑中闪出一个主意。 rush vt.把 , 急忙送往，加快，加速进行We rushed the boy to hospital when we found him. 发现了那男孩后，我们立即把他送往医院。Fresh troops were rushed up to the front. 新的部队急忙调往前线。 He rushed the work.他加速进行这项工作。rush hours ( 上、下班 ) 交通拥挤的时刻 during the Christmas r

22、ush在圣诞节前的购物热潮期间gold-rush 淘金热9. , powerless to do anything except wait.1)except / but 后的不定式带不带 to, 看下面情况：(1) 在“ do nothing, except / but或 do anything except / but”后面不定式不带to她就是不会唱歌。 他除了看电视什么也不干。She can do anything except / but sing. He did nothing except / but watch TV.后to可省略there is no thi ng to do e

23、xcept / but have nothing to do except / butI had nothing to do but read newspapers. 我没什么可干只得看报。There seemed nothing else to do but send for the doctor. 似乎没有其他办法，只得请医生。(3) cannot but do sth.不得不，只能做某事，也可写作cannot help but do sth.I cannot but laugh.我不禁大笑起来。I could not but choose to go. 我不得不去。2) powerles

24、s to do any thi ng 形容词短语作状语Bill found Mrs Dunly lying on the ground, uncon scious.比尔发现邓利夫人躺在地上，失去了知觉。She hurried back home, full of fear.她急忙回家，心里充满了恐惧。The old man lay on the ground, dead. 那老人躺在地上，死了。He walked around the room almost on tiptoe, afraid of disturbing the other readers. 他几乎踮着脚在房子里走，唯恐打扰别的读者。Full of apologies, the man ager approached us.经理口口声声地说着抱歉的话向我们走来。She sat there, sile nt.她一声不响地坐在那里。Un happy, she returned to work.她很不愉快地回去工作。10