定语从句高考总复习精华PPT学习教案

1、会计学1 定语从句高考总复习精华定语从句高考总复习精华 一一. 定语从句的基本定义定语从句的基本定义 放在放在名词名词或或代词后面代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词，由关系代词或关系副词 引导的引导的修饰修饰该名词或代词的该名词或代词的从句从句叫定语从句。叫定语从句。 第1页/共26页 The boy who is reading is Tom. 先行词先行词 关系代词关系代词 找先行词找先行词- 还原法还原法确定关系词确定关系词 第2页/共26页 基础知识回顾基础知识回顾: 关系词及其意义关系词及其意义 指代人指代人 指代事物指代事物 所属关系所属关系 指地点指地点 指时间指时间 指原因指原因

2、who, whom, that, as which, that, as whose where（=介词介词+which） when (=介词介词+which） why (=for+which） 关关 系系 代代 词词 关关 系系 副副 词词 归纳总结归纳总结 不可省 第3页/共26页 对比练习：用适当的关系词填空对比练习：用适当的关系词填空 1. The room _ he once lived is still there. The room _ I have to clean every day belongs to my mother. where/in which (that/whic

3、h) 第4页/共26页 2. I will never forget the day_ I met you. I will never forget the day _ we spent together. when/on which (that/which) 第5页/共26页 The reason _ I dont know is known to him. (that/which) why/for which3. The reason _ I dont know the thing is that I was not there at that time. 第6页/共26页 This is

4、 the house which/that we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。 The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。 nonrestrictive restrictive 第7页/共26页 第8页/共26页 1.that与与which 2.对对the way的考查的考查 3.介词介词+关系词关系词 4.as的使用的使用 5.对对where的考查的考查 6.综合考查综合考查 考点考点难点难点 第9

5、页/共26页 1) Do you have anything _ you dont understand? 2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice. 3) Who is the man _ is standing there? 4) Her bag, in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. 5) She heard a terrible noise， _ brought her heart into her mouth. that that that which whic

6、h 考点考点1：that 与与 which 第10页/共26页 1:先行词是先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等等不定代词或不定代词或 由不定代词由不定代词any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all等等修饰时修饰时, 引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that不用不用 which。 2：先行词被形容词：先行词被形容词最高级最高级或或序数词序数词修饰且指物时修饰且指物时, 引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that 。 3: 先行词中先行词中既既有人又有物有人又有物时，

7、引导定语从句用时，引导定语从句用 that 。 4:先行词被先行词被the very, the only等修饰且指物时等修饰且指物时,引导定引导定 语从句用语从句用that。 5：当先行词前面：当先行词前面有有who/which等疑问代词等疑问代词时，只用时，只用 that。 1. 指物，指物，介词介词后。后。 2. 用于用于非限制非限制定语从句中定语从句中 3. 前面有前面有that/ those出现，为避免重复。出现，为避免重复。 只使用只使用that应遵循的规则应遵循的规则只使用只使用which应遵循的规则应遵循的规则 第11页/共26页 填上合适的关系词并分析原因填上合适的关系词并分析

8、原因： 1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple. that/ which/不填不填 that/in which/不填不填 缺状语缺状语 缺宾语缺宾语 考点考点2：the way用做先行词用做先行词 3. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. （湖北）（湖北） A. the way B. in the way that

9、 C. in the way D. the way which 高考题链接：高考题链接： 第12页/共26页 考点考点3：介词：介词+关系词关系词 1. Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking? 2. He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar. 3. I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris. to whom with which on which 第13页/共26页 结论结论: 介词关系代词引导的定语从句介词关系代词引导的定

10、语从句,关关 键是判断介词的选择键是判断介词的选择,方法一是看从句谓语方法一是看从句谓语 部分缺少什么介词部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配习惯搭配),再则可以通再则可以通 过整个句子整体含义来判断过整个句子整体含义来判断,结合生活实际结合生活实际 来判断来判断. 第14页/共26页 3. _ is known to all, he is the best student. 4. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. As whic h 难点一：难点一：as的用法的用法 asthatwhich 1. It i

11、s such a big stone _ nobody can lift. 2. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it. as that 归纳归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成修饰，即构成suchas , the same as, soas, 结构，做题时容易忽略。结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充在定语从句中应充 当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。 as 与与which引导定语从句引导定语从句都能指代整句内容都能指代整句

12、内容，但定语从，但定语从 句位于句位于句首句首时，只能用时，只能用 as, 意为意为“正如、恰如正如、恰如”。 第15页/共26页 1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him. 2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time. 我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。 国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。 where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是

13、表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。 难点二：一些特殊词之后的难点二：一些特殊词之后的where 解析：解析：如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part, condition和和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引引 导，意思是导，意思是“到了某种到了某种地步地步，在某种，在某种境况境况中中” 。 第16页/共26页 1.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. （山东）（山东）

14、2. -Do you have anything to say for yourself? -Yes, theres one point _ we must insist on . （江西）（江西） 高考题链接：高考题链接： 做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选 择恰当的关系词。择恰当的关系词。 where / 第17页/共26页 wherethat 1.This is the library_I borrowed the book. 2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book. where 定语从句定语从句 that 强

15、调句型强调句型 综合考查一：定语从句与强调句综合考查一：定语从句与强调句 3. -Where did you last see Mr. Smith? -It was in the hotel _ I lived. 难点三难点三.综合考查综合考查 近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句强调句、 名词性从句名词性从句和和状语从句状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要等的综合考查越来越多，这就要 求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。 友情提示友情提示 where 第18页/共26页 综合考查二：定语从句与同位语

16、从句综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句 1. We all have heard the news_ our team won. 2. We dont believe the news _ he told us yesterday. that that/which 综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句 The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. （江苏）（江苏） that/which at which where 第1

17、9页/共26页 第20页/共26页 1. We should go to the place_ we are most needed. 2. We should go to the place_ needs us most. A. it B. where C. that D. what B C 3. It was October_we met in Damiao for the first time. 4. It was in October_we met in Damiao for the first time. A. that B. which C. when D. while C A 对

18、比训练对比训练 第21页/共26页 5. He is such a good teacher_ we all like him. 6. He is such a good teacher_ we all like. A. whom B. that C. as D. which B C 7. The news came_ the British Queens mother celebrated her 101th birthday in good health, _ isnt surprising, because she lives an easy life and gets the best medical care. A. that; which B. which; which C. that; that D. when; as 第22页/共26页 8. He left the key _he had been an hour before. He left the place _ he lived for many years. (where引导地点状语从句，相当于引导地点状语从句，相当于in the place where) (where 引导定语从句，修饰引导定语从句，修饰the place) 第23页/共26页 . 第24